本文關(guān)鍵詞： 成功老齡化 多維度健康評估 他評量表　出處：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：研究背景：面對越來越龐大的老齡化人群，如何實現(xiàn)成功老齡化（successfulageing,SA）成為老年健康管理的一個重要議題。文獻回顧發(fā)現(xiàn)，如何更加有效地評估成功老齡化尚未形成統(tǒng)一標準。以往對成功老齡化的評估多是針對不同的維度指標選取多個經(jīng)信效度校驗過的量表或問卷，以自評的形式進行評估。對于老年這一特殊類型的群體來說，自評量表冗長復(fù)雜，老年人的依從性較差，問卷回收有效率較低，在老年健康管理中很難操作和實施。目前，國內(nèi)外對于成功老齡化評估工具的研究較少，因此本研究在文獻回顧、借鑒老年人多維健康評估的成果和相關(guān)量表編制思路的基礎(chǔ)上，嘗試編制一套易于醫(yī)護人員操作的成功老齡化他評工具，以便早期快捷、有效地對老齡化人群做出評估，為進一步提出針對性的干預(yù)措施提供參考依據(jù)，有望使更多的老人轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镾A老人。 目的：本研究源于杭州市科技局項目（20120633B21），嘗試研制一套具有較好信、效度，易于醫(yī)護人員操作，，在老齡化人群中能粗略劃分出成功老人組與非成功老人組的成功老齡化他評量表，為開展老年健康管理提供有效的評估工具。方法：通過文獻分析，確定SA評價維度、結(jié)構(gòu)及評分方法。經(jīng)專家咨詢、半結(jié)構(gòu)式訪談及2次施測，形成多維度描述性SA他評量表。用預(yù)測樣本（n=50）進行項目分析、評定者間信度和校標效度檢驗，用正式施測樣本（n=300）進行項目分析、內(nèi)部一致性檢驗、評定者間信度及效標效度檢驗，并分析影響成功老齡化測定的相關(guān)因素。采用日常生活能力量表（ADL）、簡易精神狀態(tài)量表（MMSE）、社會功能缺陷量表（SSDS）及紐芬蘭紀念大學(xué)幸福度量表（MUNSH）作校標。 結(jié)果：(1)SA他評量表由五個維度指標組成：目前慢性病情況、軀體功能、認知功能、社會功能、主觀幸福感。(2)SA相關(guān)因素分析顯示,年齡、受教育程度不同的老人在成功老齡化測定結(jié)果上有差異，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。年齡的影響更大一些，成功老齡化隨著年齡的增長而有所降低。 結(jié)論：自行編制的成功老齡化他評量表具有較好的信效度。初步分析了相關(guān)影響因素。臨床初步應(yīng)用能較好地對老年人整體健康狀況做出評估同時區(qū)分出SA組與非SA組。
[Abstract]:Background: in the face of more and more large aging population, how to achieve successful aging has become an important issue in the health management of the elderly. How to evaluate successful aging more effectively has not yet formed a unified standard. In the past, the evaluation of successful aging was mostly based on the different dimensional indicators selected multiple reliability and validity check scale or questionnaire. For a special group of elderly people, the self-rating scale is long and complicated, the compliance of the elderly is poor, the efficiency of questionnaire recovery is low, and it is difficult to operate and implement in the elderly health management. There are few researches on the assessment tools of successful aging at home and abroad. Therefore, this study is based on the review of literature, the results of multidimensional health assessment of the elderly and the relevant scales. In order to evaluate the aging population quickly and effectively in the early stage and provide reference for further targeted intervention, the author tries to develop a set of evaluation tools for successful ageing, which is easy for medical staff to operate. It is hoped that more old people will be transformed into SA elders. Objective: this study originated from the project of Hangzhou Science and Technology Bureau (HSCB) (20120633B21) and attempted to develop a set with good reliability, validity and easy operation by medical staff. In order to provide an effective evaluation tool for health management of the elderly, we can roughly distinguish the successful ageing scale from the non-successful group in the aging population. Methods: through literature analysis, the dimensions of SA evaluation were determined. Structure and scoring methods. Through expert consultation, semi-structured interviews and two tests, a multi-dimensional descriptive SA other rating scale was formed. The item analysis, internal consistency test, reliability test and validity test were carried out with a formal test sample. The influencing factors of successful aging were analyzed. ADL scale, MMSE scale, SSDS scale and MUNSHS were used to measure the happiness of Memorial University of Newfoundland. Results the SAS scale consisted of five dimensions: chronic disease, body function, cognitive function, social function, subjective well-being. The results of successful aging were different among the elderly with different education levels, and the difference was statistically significant. The influence of age was greater, and the successful aging decreased with the increase of age. Conclusion: the reliability and validity of the success Aging other rating scale developed by ourselves are good. The related factors are analyzed preliminarily. The clinical preliminary application can better assess the overall health status of the elderly and distinguish the SA group from the non-SA group.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B841

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