自由主義對美國十九世紀(jì)現(xiàn)代化的影響
發(fā)布時間:2021-11-13 02:37
美國在100年左右的時間里,實現(xiàn)了從農(nóng)業(yè)社會向工業(yè)化、現(xiàn)代化社會的轉(zhuǎn)變。盡管中外學(xué)者從不同的角度對美國的現(xiàn)代化進行了研究,但只有少部分是從思想領(lǐng)域入手的。本文對美國最有影響力的社會思潮之一——自由主義進行了歷時性研究,分析了它對美國19世紀(jì)現(xiàn)代化的影響。 本文追溯了自由主義在美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)結(jié)束前后的發(fā)展——從約翰·洛克的古典自由主義到亞當(dāng)·斯密的自由競爭或者經(jīng)濟自由主義,到約翰·密爾和托馬斯·格林的社會自由主義。這些自由思想反映在四個原則上,也就是尊重個人的尊嚴(yán)和自由,相信民主,追求平等和樂觀主義精神。這四個原則是美國人最堅定不變的價值觀。本文分析了在這些價值觀的影響下,總統(tǒng)、聯(lián)邦最高法院的大法官這樣的決策者做出的決定如何直接或間接地促進了美國現(xiàn)代化的過程。文章還援引一些判例和法案補充說明政府在管理經(jīng)濟的立場上的變化及自由思想對現(xiàn)代化過程的影響。 最后本文的結(jié)論是除了經(jīng)濟、技術(shù)和資源因素外,自由主義這個思想因素對美國19世紀(jì)的現(xiàn)代化起了一個催化作用。
【文章來源】:對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)北京市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁數(shù)】:64 頁
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
Acknowledgements
Abstract(English)
Abstract(Chinese)
1 Introduction
1.1 General description of the study:purpose and validity
1.2 Literature review
1.3 Elaboration on modernization
1.4 Organization of the thesis
2 Liberalism and modernization before the end of American Civil War
2.1 Roots of American liberalism
2.1.1 Liberalism in general
2.1.2 Classical liberalism
2.1.3 Four tenets of American liberalism
2.2 The spirit of liberalism and the cases and acts involved
2.2.1 Self-made man-Andrew Jackson
2.2.2 Representing the interest of the West and the "mobs”
2.2.3 Federal restraint in social and economic affairs
2.2.4 Encouragement for competition
2.2.5 Ideology of work
2.2.6 Equal opportunity and the Homestead Act
2.2.7 Education and the Morrill Land Grant Act
3 Liberalism and modernization after the end of American Civil War
3.1 Popular economic and social theories in the second half of the nineteenth century
3.1.1 Adam Smith and laissez faire
3.1.2 Social Darwinism and its influence
3.1.3 Liberals' reaction to laissez faire and Social Darwinism
3.2 Factors affecting the stance of the federal government
3.3 National government's stance and the cases involved
4 Conclusion
Bibliography
本文編號:3492143
【文章來源】:對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)北京市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁數(shù)】:64 頁
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
Acknowledgements
Abstract(English)
Abstract(Chinese)
1 Introduction
1.1 General description of the study:purpose and validity
1.2 Literature review
1.3 Elaboration on modernization
1.4 Organization of the thesis
2 Liberalism and modernization before the end of American Civil War
2.1 Roots of American liberalism
2.1.1 Liberalism in general
2.1.2 Classical liberalism
2.1.3 Four tenets of American liberalism
2.2 The spirit of liberalism and the cases and acts involved
2.2.1 Self-made man-Andrew Jackson
2.2.2 Representing the interest of the West and the "mobs”
2.2.3 Federal restraint in social and economic affairs
2.2.4 Encouragement for competition
2.2.5 Ideology of work
2.2.6 Equal opportunity and the Homestead Act
2.2.7 Education and the Morrill Land Grant Act
3 Liberalism and modernization after the end of American Civil War
3.1 Popular economic and social theories in the second half of the nineteenth century
3.1.1 Adam Smith and laissez faire
3.1.2 Social Darwinism and its influence
3.1.3 Liberals' reaction to laissez faire and Social Darwinism
3.2 Factors affecting the stance of the federal government
3.3 National government's stance and the cases involved
4 Conclusion
Bibliography
本文編號:3492143
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