【摘要】： “滿(mǎn)洲國(guó)”時(shí)期，日帝對(duì)其殖民地勞動(dòng)力資源的掠奪是駭人聽(tīng)聞的。尤其是“滿(mǎn)洲國(guó)”后期“全民皆勞”的勞務(wù)政策，更是把“滿(mǎn)洲國(guó)”人民推向了苦難的深淵。中日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)后，日帝為了保證全面侵華戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的需要和對(duì)蘇作戰(zhàn)準(zhǔn)備，于1937年和1939年先后推行了所謂的“產(chǎn)業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)五年計(jì)劃案”和“北邊振興計(jì)劃”。大批軍事工程、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的全面鋪開(kāi)，造成了勞動(dòng)力的驟然緊缺。所以為了保證所需的勞動(dòng)力及勞動(dòng)力的管制，，先后出籠了《勞動(dòng)統(tǒng)制法》和《國(guó)民勤勞奉公法》，強(qiáng)征眾多朝鮮勞工到東北軍事工程。 日帝在東北修建的軍事工程規(guī)模極其龐大，其涉及地區(qū)為偽間島、牡丹江、三江、黑河、興安北、東安和北安省等7省。具體地講，其一，沿著中蘇、中蒙交界的“滿(mǎn)洲國(guó)”境內(nèi)共修筑了1900多公里長(zhǎng)的14處龐大的筑壘地區(qū)——地下軍事要塞，它的規(guī)模、設(shè)施、面積、戰(zhàn)役容量及周長(zhǎng)是法國(guó)“馬其諾防線(xiàn)”的三倍；其二，新修鐵路為11039公里，新建和改修的軍用“國(guó)防”道路分別為7000公里、5800公里，修筑的軍用公路及鐵路使“滿(mǎn)洲國(guó)”的各個(gè)軍事要塞聯(lián)為一體；其三，在戰(zhàn)略要地建成20處空軍基地，200多處降落場(chǎng)，總計(jì)修筑了400多處飛機(jī)場(chǎng)，戰(zhàn)役容量為6000余飛機(jī)，延邊地區(qū)就有14處飛機(jī)場(chǎng)；其四，增建了30多個(gè)發(fā)電廠(chǎng)，為日軍進(jìn)駐提供基本保證。為了修建這些軍事工程，日帝強(qiáng)證華北、華中、華南的中國(guó)勞工的同時(shí)，把眾多朝鮮勞工編為“勤勞奉公隊(duì)”強(qiáng)征到東北軍事工程。朝鮮勞工具體被強(qiáng)征到圖佳線(xiàn)鐵路工程、延邊琿春機(jī)場(chǎng)建設(shè)、吉林大豐滿(mǎn)水力發(fā)電廠(chǎng)建設(shè)、延邊地區(qū)關(guān)東軍野戰(zhàn)兵器廠(chǎng)等軍事工程。 本文要通過(guò)論述在中國(guó)東北朝鮮勞工的勞動(dòng)條件，分析日帝在“滿(mǎn)洲國(guó)”推行的勞工政策及其實(shí)質(zhì)，進(jìn)而描述被強(qiáng)征到老頭溝煤礦、圖佳線(xiàn)鐵路工程、延邊琿春機(jī)場(chǎng)、吉林大豐滿(mǎn)水力發(fā)電廠(chǎng)、延邊地區(qū)關(guān)東軍野戰(zhàn)兵器廠(chǎng)等工程朝鮮勞工的狀況。
[Abstract]:During the Manchukuo period, the Japanese emperor plundered his colonial labor resources was appalling. In particular, the labor policy of "all the people working hard" in the later period of Manchukuo pushed the people of Manchukuo into the abyss of suffering. After the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese emperor carried out the so-called "five-year Plan for Industrial Development" and the "Northern Revitalization Plan" in 1937 and 1939 respectively in order to ensure the need of the all-round war of aggression against China and prepare for the war against the Soviet Union. A large number of military projects and infrastructure construction spread out in an all-round way, resulting in a sudden shortage of labor force. Therefore, in order to ensure the necessary labor and labor control, the Labor Control Law and the National industrious and Public Law have been introduced one after another, and a large number of Korean workers have been forced to carry out military projects in Northeast China. The military projects built by the Japanese emperor in Northeast China are extremely large, involving seven provinces, such as pseudo-interval Island, Mudanjiang River, Sanjiang River, Heihe River, Xingan North, Dongan and Bei'an provinces. Specifically, along the border between China and the Soviet Union, the "Manchukuo" border between China and Mongolia has built a total of 14 huge stronghold areas more than 1900 kilometers long-the underground military fortress, which is three times the size, facilities, area, battle capacity and perimeter of the French "Maginot Line." Second, the newly built railway is 11039 kilometers, and the newly built and renovated military "national defense" roads are 7000 kilometers and 5800 kilometers, respectively. the military roads and railways built bring together the various military strongholds of "Manchukuo". Third, 20 air bases and more than 200 landing sites have been built in strategic key places, with a total battle capacity of more than 6000 aircraft and 14 airports in Yanbian area. Fourth, more than 30 additional power plants have been built to provide basic guarantees for the entry of Japanese troops. In order to build these military projects, the Japanese emperor strongly verified the Chinese workers in North China, Central China and South China, at the same time, many North Korean workers were classified as "industrious and service teams" and forced into the Northeast military project. North Korean workers were specifically recruited to the Tujia line railway project, Yanbian Hunchun airport construction, Jilin Dafengman hydropower plant construction, Yanbian area Guandong army field weapons factory and other military projects. By discussing the working conditions of Korean workers in Northeast China, this paper analyzes the labor policy and its essence carried out by the Japanese emperor in "Manchukuo", and then describes the situation of Korean workers who have been forcibly recruited to Laotougou Coal Mine, Tujia Line Railway Project, Hunchun Airport in Yanbian, Dafengman Hydropower Plant in Jilin Province, and Guandong Army Field weapons Factory in Yanbian area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K313.4

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 尹輝鐸;偽滿(mǎn)洲國(guó)勞動(dòng)界的民族結(jié)構(gòu)和民族間的位置關(guān)系[J];抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)研究;2004年01期

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