【摘要】：高等法院福隆德運(yùn)動(dòng)是以巴黎高等法院為代表的司法系統(tǒng),對(duì)王室政府的反抗事件。這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)從1648年5月圣路易院集會(huì)開(kāi)始,直至1649年4月《呂埃爾合約》的簽訂結(jié)束,其間巴黎事件也引起了地方高等法院的反抗。運(yùn)動(dòng)爆發(fā)的根源在于絕對(duì)君主制發(fā)展初期,王權(quán)對(duì)司法貴族的權(quán)益侵蝕,就這一層面而言,司法系統(tǒng)的斗爭(zhēng)仍然維系在君主制框架下,其追求的目標(biāo)是捍衛(wèi)傳統(tǒng)職能和固有利益。此外,官員個(gè)人的政治立場(chǎng)選擇,則受到現(xiàn)實(shí)利益、政治理念、及附庸關(guān)系等因素的影響,這些因素相互作用在每位司法人員身上,使得司法系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部難以達(dá)成連貫一致的立場(chǎng);同時(shí)司法轄區(qū)的阻隔也影響到系統(tǒng)的統(tǒng)一反抗。因此,福隆德運(yùn)動(dòng)中的高等法院,在對(duì)抗王權(quán)侵蝕、努力維系傳統(tǒng)角色的整體目標(biāo)和原則下,司法權(quán)貴的政治抉擇卻不盡相同。本文具體分析法國(guó)高等法院福隆德運(yùn)動(dòng)爆發(fā)的背景和過(guò)程,著重探討司法機(jī)構(gòu)的斗爭(zhēng)目標(biāo)和官員的政治抉擇,以此窺見(jiàn)十七世紀(jì)的司法理念及政治文化:一方面法官們的斗爭(zhēng)目標(biāo)在于維護(hù)其傳統(tǒng)權(quán)益,反抗始終維系在君主制框架下,從未逾越君主原則;另一方面,司法系統(tǒng)在高等法院福隆德期間,遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)成整體上對(duì)王權(quán)侵蝕的一致對(duì)抗。本文第一章分析高等法院福隆德運(yùn)動(dòng)的背景,介紹司法系統(tǒng)的誕生及其在沿革過(guò)程中發(fā)展起來(lái)的角色和職能,至十七世紀(jì)中期,司法機(jī)構(gòu)的這些傳統(tǒng)權(quán)益遭到王室政府的不斷侵蝕,從而導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)的爆發(fā)。第二章具體分析巴黎反抗事件和地方高等法院福隆德運(yùn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程,探討法院的斗爭(zhēng)目標(biāo)及其所捍衛(wèi)的原則,這構(gòu)成各法院的整體立場(chǎng)。第三章考量司法系統(tǒng)的聯(lián)合問(wèn)題,首先分析官員個(gè)人的立場(chǎng)抉擇及動(dòng)因,其次探討各機(jī)構(gòu)的互動(dòng),可以看出司法系統(tǒng)遠(yuǎn)不是一個(gè)穩(wěn)定牢固的反抗勢(shì)力,高等法院福隆德運(yùn)動(dòng)本身具有靈活多變的特性。因此,高等法院福隆德運(yùn)動(dòng)無(wú)論從其斗爭(zhēng)目標(biāo)還是反抗力量來(lái)看,都不構(gòu)成對(duì)君主原則的否定和威脅,從而為路易十四親政后不斷加強(qiáng)王權(quán)創(chuàng)造了條件,成為建立絕對(duì)君主制必不可少的助力。
[Abstract]:The Fronde Movement of the High Court, represented by the High Court of Paris, revolted against the royal government. The movement began in May 1648 at the St. Louis House rally and ended in April 1649 with the signing of the Reuel contract, during which the events in Paris provoked resistance from the High Court of Justice. The root of the outbreak of the movement lies in the initial development of absolute monarchy and Wang Quan's erosion of the rights and interests of the judicial aristocrats. In this aspect, the struggle of the judicial system is still maintained under the framework of the monarchy. Its goal is to defend traditional functions and inherent interests. In addition, the individual political position of the official is influenced by such factors as realistic interests, political ideas, and vassal relations, which interact with each other in the judiciary. (B) making it difficult to reach coherent positions within the justice system; At the same time, the obstruction of judicial jurisdiction also affects the unified resistance of the system. Therefore, under the overall goal and principle of fighting against Wang Quan's erosion and striving to maintain the traditional role, the High Court of Justice in the Fronde Movement has different political choices. This paper analyzes the background and process of the Fronde Movement in the French High Court of Justice, and focuses on the objectives of the struggle of the judiciary and the political choices of the officials. On the one hand, the aim of the judges' struggle is to safeguard their traditional rights and interests, and the resistance has always been maintained under the framework of the monarchy, never exceeding the principle of monarchy; The judicial system, on the other hand, was far from an overall confrontation against Wang Quan's erosion during the High Court of Justice. The first chapter of this paper analyzes the background of the Fronde Movement of the High Court, and introduces the birth of the judicial system and its role and functions developed in the process of evolution, until the middle of the 17th century. These traditional rights of the judiciary were constantly eroded by the royal government, leading to the eruption of the movement. In the second chapter, the author analyzes the Paris revolt and the process of the Fronde movement of the local high court, and probes into the aim of the court and the principles it upholds, which constitute the whole stand of the court. The third chapter considers the joint issue of the judicial system. First of all, it analyzes the individual position choices and motives of the officials, and then discusses the interaction of various institutions. It can be seen that the judicial system is far from a stable and solid resistance force. The Fronde Movement of the High Court itself has the characteristics of flexibility and variety. Therefore, the Fronde Movement of the High Court did not constitute a negation or a threat to the principle of monarchy from the point of view of its aim of struggle or resistance, thus creating conditions for Wang Quan to be strengthened continuously after Louis XIV's family administration. To become an essential aid for the establishment of an absolute monarchy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K565.3

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