【摘要】：英國(guó)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)在19世紀(jì)快速崛起,在英國(guó)社會(huì)中扮演著重要的角色,不僅創(chuàng)造了大量的物質(zhì)財(cái)富,還享受著日益豐富的物質(zhì)和精神成果。不斷發(fā)展壯大的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)充滿(mǎn)了自信,竭力通過(guò)衣、食、住、用和休閑娛樂(lè)等日常生活建構(gòu)獨(dú)特的生活方式以區(qū)別于貴族和下等階層,增強(qiáng)階級(jí)認(rèn)同感。在物質(zhì)生活中,他們追求豐富多樣的飲食,體面時(shí)尚的衣著,隔離、舒適的住所和炫耀性的家居裝飾品。物質(zhì)生活得到滿(mǎn)足以后,他們開(kāi)始回歸精神生活,重視休閑娛樂(lè),追求精神上的享受。本文一共由緒論、正文和結(jié)語(yǔ)三部分組成。緒論部分,首先分析選題的由來(lái),有關(guān)英國(guó)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究狀況,本文的研究意義和創(chuàng)新之處,而后介紹文章的主要內(nèi)容和研究方法。正文第一章,首先從政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和消費(fèi)方式等角度闡述19世紀(jì)英國(guó)的社會(huì)狀況,并通過(guò)人口數(shù)量、地區(qū)分布、職業(yè)狀況以及財(cái)富狀況等視角證明,中產(chǎn)階級(jí)已經(jīng)成為英國(guó)社會(huì)的中堅(jiān)力量。第二章從飲食、衣著、居住方式和家居用品等方面著手,論述中產(chǎn)階級(jí)富裕而體面的物質(zhì)生活。第三章分析中產(chǎn)階級(jí)豐富而文雅的休閑娛樂(lè)生活,如音樂(lè)欣賞、書(shū)報(bào)閱讀、旅游觀光、海濱度假和各種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)等等。第四章從消費(fèi)社會(huì)的發(fā)展、郊區(qū)的擴(kuò)展、城市公共空間的建設(shè)以及民眾休閑娛樂(lè)的文雅化四個(gè)方面闡述中產(chǎn)階級(jí)日常生活對(duì)英國(guó)社會(huì)的影響。結(jié)語(yǔ)是對(duì)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)日常生活的反思及其對(duì)當(dāng)前中國(guó)社會(huì)的啟示。中產(chǎn)階級(jí)與英國(guó)社會(huì)的發(fā)展是互動(dòng)的。經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,尤其是工業(yè)革命的到來(lái),催生了大量的中產(chǎn)階級(jí),而中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的崛起又促進(jìn)了英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展以及文化的進(jìn)步,提高了社會(huì)的文明化程度。當(dāng)今中國(guó)應(yīng)立足國(guó)情,借鑒英國(guó)的經(jīng)驗(yàn),通過(guò)大力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),提高中產(chǎn)階級(jí)在我國(guó)總?cè)丝谥械谋壤�。同時(shí),發(fā)揮中產(chǎn)階級(jí)在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、政治文明、文化教育等方面的作用,以加快全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代文明社會(huì)的步伐。
[Abstract]:The British middle class rose rapidly in the 19th century and played an important role in the British society. It not only created a lot of material wealth, but also enjoyed the increasingly rich material and spiritual results. The growing middle class, full of confidence, strives to build a unique way of life through everyday life, such as clothing, food, shelter, use and leisure, to distinguish it from the aristocrats and the lower classes, and to strengthen class identity. In material life, they pursue a rich diet, decent and fashionable clothing, isolation, comfortable accommodation, and ostentatious home decorations. After material life is satisfied, they begin to return to spiritual life, attach importance to leisure and entertainment, and pursue spiritual enjoyment. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. In the introduction part, the origin of the topic, the research status at home and abroad about the British middle class, the significance and innovation of this paper, and then the main contents and research methods of the article are analyzed. The first chapter of the text, from the political, economic, cultural and consumption aspects of the British social situation in the 19th century, and through the size of the population, regional distribution, occupational status and wealth, and other perspectives to prove, The middle class has become the backbone of British society. The second chapter discusses the rich and decent material life of the middle class from the aspects of diet, clothing, living style and household goods. The third chapter analyzes the rich and elegant leisure and entertainment life of the middle class, such as music appreciation, reading of books and newspapers, sightseeing, beach vacation and various sports and so on. The fourth chapter expounds the influence of middle class daily life on British society from four aspects: the development of consumer society, the expansion of suburbs, the construction of urban public space and the elegance of people's leisure and entertainment. The conclusion is a reflection on the daily life of the middle class and its enlightenment to the current Chinese society. The middle class interacts with the development of British society. The economic development, especially the arrival of the industrial revolution, gave birth to a large number of middle class, and the rise of the middle class promoted the development of British economy and the progress of culture, and improved the civilization of society. At present, China should base itself on the national conditions, draw lessons from the experience of Britain, and increase the proportion of the middle class in the total population of our country by vigorously developing the economy. At the same time, the middle class should play an important role in economic development, political civilization, culture and education, so as to speed up the construction of modern civil society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K561.4

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