【摘要】：“平民首相”原敬(1856-1921)是確立日本近代政黨政治的實(shí)力派政治家,組建了日本政治史上第一個(gè)真正意義上的政黨內(nèi)閣。1918年9月,原敬受命組閣,對(duì)內(nèi)政外交進(jìn)行了大刀闊斧的改革,扭轉(zhuǎn)了日本在國(guó)際上的孤立境地,促進(jìn)了日本經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展,鞏固和擴(kuò)展了日本在華的殖民利益,提高了日本在國(guó)際上的地位。本文在學(xué)界以往對(duì)原敬的研究成果之上,通過《原敬日記》等原始史料和相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),從整體上對(duì)原敬的外交思想和政策做一番考察和闡述。 本文首先介紹了日本走向世界的開國(guó)之路,發(fā)現(xiàn)日本在開國(guó)的同時(shí)亦開始實(shí)行向外擴(kuò)張的外交政策,從中找到原敬外交思想的歷史淵源；日本通過甲午戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以及日俄戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)擴(kuò)張了國(guó)力,使日本得到了列強(qiáng)的承認(rèn),但與此同時(shí),日本已經(jīng)開始同美國(guó)產(chǎn)生了摩擦。 第二部分考察了原敬協(xié)調(diào)外交思想的形成和發(fā)展過程。透過原敬早期對(duì)中國(guó)的認(rèn)識(shí)和美國(guó)的認(rèn)識(shí),我們從中找到了原敬最初產(chǎn)生這一思想的原點(diǎn)；接著在一戰(zhàn)中,通過對(duì)大隈寺內(nèi)內(nèi)閣的“大戰(zhàn)外交”的批判,原敬開始形成了對(duì)美協(xié)調(diào)、對(duì)華親善的外交路線。 第三部分首先介紹原敬內(nèi)閣成立時(shí)的國(guó)內(nèi)外形勢(shì)和所采取的內(nèi)政改革措施；接著論述了原敬協(xié)調(diào)外交政策的實(shí)踐,主要有“不干涉中國(guó)內(nèi)政”和停止援段、加入新四國(guó)銀行團(tuán)、山東問題的交涉、西伯利亞撤兵和參加華盛頓會(huì)議等外交實(shí)踐。 第四部分對(duì)原敬的協(xié)調(diào)外交政策進(jìn)行思考與評(píng)價(jià)。原敬提出的“日美提攜”與“日中親善”政策相對(duì)過去赤裸裸的軍事武力擴(kuò)張政策而言是具有相當(dāng)?shù)倪M(jìn)步性；但同時(shí)還存在著一定的局限性。
[Abstract]:The "civilian Prime Minister" (1856-1921) was a powerful politician who established the political party politics of modern Japan. He formed the first real party cabinet in the history of Japanese politics. In September 1918, he was ordered to form a cabinet. The drastic reform of domestic and foreign affairs has reversed Japan's isolation in the world, promoted the development of Japan's economy and society, consolidated and expanded Japan's colonial interests in China, and enhanced Japan's position in the world. Based on the previous research results of Yuan Jing in academic circles, this paper makes an investigation and elaboration on Yuan Jing's diplomatic thoughts and policies by means of original historical materials and related documents, such as "Yuan Jing Diary". This paper first introduces Japan's way to the founding of the world, and finds out that Japan began to carry out a foreign policy of outward expansion while it was founded, and found the historical origin of the original thought of respecting diplomacy. Japan expanded its national strength through the Sino-Japanese War and the Japanese-Russian War, making it recognized by the powers, but at the same time, Japan has begun to have friction with the United States. The second part examines the formation and development process of Yuan Jing's coordinated diplomacy. Through his early understanding of China and the understanding of the United States, we find the origin of Yuan Jing's original thought. Then, in World War I, through the criticism of the "war diplomacy" of Okuma's cabinet, Haruki began to form a diplomatic line of reconciliation with the United States and goodwill to China. The third part first introduces the domestic and foreign situation and the domestic and foreign reform measures taken by the former cabinet, and then discusses the practice of Yuan Jing's coordinated foreign policy, which mainly includes "non-interference in China's internal affairs" and the suspension of the aid section, and joining the New Shikoku Bank Group. Shandong negotiations, Siberian withdrawal and participation in the Washington Conference and other diplomatic practice. The fourth part thinks and evaluates Yuan Jing's coordinated foreign policy. The policy of "Japanese-American support" and "Japan-China Goodwill" put forward by Yuan Jing is quite progressive compared with the naked military expansion policy in the past, but at the same time there are some limitations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K313.45

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