本文選題：德爾斐神托所 + 德爾斐神諭��； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2009年博士論文

【摘要】： 在古希臘歷史上，德爾斐是泛希臘世界的精神中心。每當(dāng)古希臘人遇到問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，他們都會(huì)到德爾斐去尋求解決之道。阿波羅在德爾斐神托所通過(guò)皮西亞為個(gè)人、城邦以及宗教事務(wù)提供指導(dǎo)，這些指導(dǎo)受到了那些拜訪神托所的人的重視。除了對(duì)個(gè)人事務(wù)給予指導(dǎo)之外，德爾斐神諭在三個(gè)領(lǐng)域與古希臘諸城邦聯(lián)系緊密：殖民、政治生活、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。本文正是立足于這三大領(lǐng)域，以古典文獻(xiàn)和考古資料為基礎(chǔ)，以期探究德爾斐神諭與古希臘城邦之間的關(guān)系。全文共五章。 第一章：德爾斐神托所(神諭)的起源。本章主要介紹了德爾斐神托所的起源以及神托所中蘊(yùn)含的宗教元素。公元前8世紀(jì)之前，阿波羅取代德爾斐地區(qū)原有的大地女神，成為德爾斐信仰和崇拜的主體。但大地女神崇拜仍然對(duì)德爾斐產(chǎn)生一定影響。此外，本章還探究了德爾斐神托所、多鐸納神托所、阿蒙神廟這三大預(yù)言中心的之間關(guān)系，以及阿波羅的其他“地方性”神托所，以確定德爾斐神托所所處的外圍環(huán)境。 第二章：德爾斐神托所的組織形式。本章主要對(duì)請(qǐng)求神諭的時(shí)間、形式，所需程序，以及女祭司皮西亞做詳細(xì)介紹。最初，德爾斐神托所只在比西歐斯月的第七天發(fā)布神諭。到德爾斐神托所發(fā)展的鼎盛之時(shí)，除了冬季阿波羅離開德爾斐的三個(gè)月之外，，每個(gè)月的第七天皮西亞都會(huì)發(fā)布正規(guī)的神諭。除了正規(guī)的神諭之外，皮西亞還通過(guò)“簽諭”的形式向問(wèn)詢者昭示未來(lái)。而且，皮西亞發(fā)布神諭之時(shí)要遵循特定的程序。 第三章：德爾斐神諭與殖民運(yùn)動(dòng)。出去尋找殖民地之前，希臘人都會(huì)到德爾斐去咨詢。神諭會(huì)指導(dǎo)他們?nèi)ツ睦锝⒅趁竦�，在什么季�?jié)建立殖民地最為合適。本章依據(jù)神諭的內(nèi)容，將德爾斐給予殖民地建立者的神諭分為：直接殖民神諭、間接殖民神諭。還特別提到了，特殊的“十一稅”殖民與德爾斐神諭對(duì)殖民地宗教的影響。建立殖民地并非個(gè)人行為，而是城邦的外部行為。對(duì)建立殖民地的指導(dǎo)是德爾斐神諭對(duì)城邦外部活動(dòng)的重要影響之一。 第四章：德爾斐神諭與政治生活。古希臘的政治生活是我們研究古希臘歷史之時(shí)不可忽略的重要部分。德爾斐神諭積極地參與到各城邦的政治生活中，且由于各個(gè)城邦的政治生活各有不同，德爾斐神諭對(duì)城邦的影響亦有不同。本章分別從僭主政治、斯巴達(dá)的政治生活、雅典的政治生活、昔蘭尼的政治生活這四個(gè)方面闡述德爾斐神諭對(duì)于城邦內(nèi)部政治生活的影響。 第五章：德爾斐神諭與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。古希臘的歷史上，各城邦之間大小戰(zhàn)事不斷。本章著重討論德爾斐神諭對(duì)城邦戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的影響，這是德爾斐神諭對(duì)城邦外部活動(dòng)的另一個(gè)重要影響。與此同時(shí)，德爾斐也因其精神地位與財(cái)富而被卷入其中，此中體現(xiàn)出諸城邦對(duì)德爾斐神托所的影響。 結(jié)論：德爾斐神諭對(duì)城邦的影響。本章歸納總結(jié)了德爾斐神諭對(duì)古希臘城邦的內(nèi)部、外部影響，并指出諸城邦對(duì)德爾斐神托所和神諭產(chǎn)生的反作用。
[Abstract]:In the history of ancient Greece , Delphi is the spiritual center of the Pan - Greek world . Every time the ancient Greeks encounter problems , they will go to Delphi to seek a solution . In addition to giving guidance to personal matters , the Guiding Principles are closely linked to ancient Greek cities in three areas : colonial , political life and war . This article is based on the three major areas , based on classical literature and archaeological data , with a view to exploring the relationship between the oracle of Delphi and the ancient Greek city .



Chapter One : The origin of Deerfeld ' s God - to - God . This chapter mainly introduces the origin of Delphi and the religious elements contained in God ' s support . Before the 8th century BC , Apollo took the place of the original land goddess in Delphi and became the subject of Delphi ' s belief and worship .



Chapter II : The form of the organization of Delphi God . This chapter introduces the time , form , procedure of the request , and the priesthood , Pisia . At the time of the day of the development of the Deerfeld God , the seventh day of the month , Mr . Delphi , released a formal oracle . In addition to the formal oracle , Mr . Pian informed the inquirer in the form of an " encyclical " in the future . And , in addition to the formal oracle , Mr . Pisiah would follow a specific procedure in order to release the oracle .



Chapter III : Delphi ' s oracle and colonial movement . The Greeks will go to Delphi to consult before they go out for a colony . The oracles guide them where to establish a colony and to establish a colony in any season . In particular , this chapter describes the influence of colonial and indirect colonial powers on colonial religions . The establishment of a colony is not a personal act , but an external act of the city state . The guidance on the establishment of a colony is one of the important influences of the Order of Delphi on the outside activities of the city state .



The fourth chapter : Delphi ' s oracle and political life . The political life of ancient Greece is an important part of our study of the history of ancient Greece .



Chapter 5 : Delphic oracle and war . In the history of ancient Greece , there was a constant fighting between cities and states . This chapter focuses on the influence of the oracle of Delphi on the war in the city and states , which is another important influence of the oracle of Delphi on the outside activities of the city state . At the same time , Delphi also has been involved in the spiritual status and wealth , which reflects the influence of the city states on Delphi God .



This chapter summarizes the internal and external influences of Deerfeld ' s oracle on the ancient Greek city states , and points out the reaction of the city states to Delphi God and the oracle .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：K125

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 劉婧;德爾斐神諭與古希臘城邦[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2009年

2 徐媛媛;德爾斐神諭研究[D];南開大學(xué);2010年

本文編號(hào)：2078776