發(fā)布時間：2018-03-09 16:03

  本文選題：大眾社交　切入點：公共性　出處：《華東師范大學》2006年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：十八世紀的歐洲，經(jīng)歷了啟蒙和轉(zhuǎn)型。啟蒙運動孕育和傳播了自由、平等、博愛的啟蒙理念，促進了民主思想和現(xiàn)代市民社會的形成和發(fā)展。公共領(lǐng)域的建構(gòu)可以說是歐洲十八世紀啟蒙運動最主要的成就之一。它第一次將一般群眾突顯在歷史之中，正當化了民主政治。 公共領(lǐng)域是一種市民權(quán)力的擴張，也是都市現(xiàn)代化的指標，工業(yè)化與都市化的社會，促使家庭的私人與公眾的公共領(lǐng)域分離，也是生活事務(wù)與公眾事務(wù)的分開。市民社會的發(fā)育和成長，在其外在形態(tài)上表現(xiàn)為公共交往和活動的活躍和需求的增長。城市文化的增長使原本是區(qū)域性的公共生活，通過報紙與其他文字媒體、閱讀大眾的興起、交通和社交中心的發(fā)展，變成一種社會交流的新組織與公益社會的新領(lǐng)域。通過公共領(lǐng)域市民可以建構(gòu)一個“公共性”的范疇，使國家的運作能經(jīng)由“公開的原則”，讓權(quán)力的運作透明化，提高市民對決策的可參與性與討論。 本文主題在于對十八世紀英國城市的公共性進行考察，探討城市公共性的形成，最終為現(xiàn)代市民社會的形成奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 本文通過對哈貝馬斯公共領(lǐng)域理論的討論，從中吸取其精華，以其進行十八世紀英國城市公共性的討論。 公共領(lǐng)域首先被哈貝馬斯當作是一種理想類型，在十七、十八世紀曾為反對專制主義政治與專制制度發(fā)揮作用，并在資本主義初步興盛時期不斷擴張。在十八世紀的英國，公共領(lǐng)域也發(fā)揮了形成和塑造資產(chǎn)階級公眾，，使他們逐漸成長為現(xiàn)代意義上的市民的作用。本文就是圍繞著這個主題，來對十八世紀英國的沙龍、劇院、酒館、咖啡館和共濟會所發(fā)揮的公共性進行歷史實證的研究，一方面探討它們?nèi)绾伟l(fā)揮了影響公共政策和制衡國家權(quán)力的作用，另一方面，主要探討市民公眾在沙龍、劇院、酒館、咖啡館和共濟會這些公共領(lǐng)域中如何學會對國家事務(wù)做出合乎理性的判斷，學會并獲得尊重國家當局和官吏的業(yè)務(wù)的才能、操行和技能，鋪平他們成長為現(xiàn)代意義上的市民的發(fā)展道路，也使這種公共性的作用最終促成現(xiàn)代市民社會的形成；此外，也對女性作為公共領(lǐng)域公眾的組成部分在沙龍和劇院中如何發(fā)揮了作用進行了研究，對女性作為文化的消費者和接受者賦予了新的重要性。 作為用公共領(lǐng)域理論模式來對現(xiàn)代市民社會形成機制的而進行的溯源性的研究和探討，本文對共濟會作為公共領(lǐng)域機制在英國市民社會發(fā)展進程中的作用進行了詳細的探討。市民公眾在共濟會這一公共領(lǐng)域中，學會了如何在公共場合
[Abstract]:In 18th century, Europe experienced enlightenment and transformation. The Enlightenment gave birth to and spread the enlightenment ideas of freedom, equality and fraternity. It promotes the formation and development of democratic thought and modern civil society. The construction of public sphere is one of the most important achievements of the Enlightenment Movement in 18th century in Europe, which for the first time highlights the general masses in history and legitimizes democratic politics. The public sphere is an expansion of civic power and an indicator of urban modernization. The industrialization and urbanization of the society promote the separation of the private and public spheres of the family. It is also the separation of life affairs from public affairs. The development and growth of civil society are manifested in the active public communication and activities and the growth of demand in its external form. The growth of urban culture has made the development and growth of civil society originally a regional public life. Through newspapers and other written media, the rise of reading masses, the development of transportation and social centers, has become a new organization of social communication and a new field of public society. Through the public sphere, citizens can construct a category of "publicity". So that the operation of the state can be "open principle", so that the operation of power transparent, improve the participation of citizens in decision-making and discussion. The theme of this paper is to investigate the publicity of British cities in 18th century, and to explore the formation of urban publicity, which finally laid the foundation for the formation of modern civil society. Based on the discussion of Habermas' theory of public domain, this paper draws its essence from it and discusses the public character of British cities in 18th century. The public sphere was first regarded as an ideal type by Habermas, who played a role in opposing autocratic politics and autocracy in 17, 18th century, and continued to expand during the initial boom of capitalism. The public sphere has also played the role of forming and shaping the bourgeois public and gradually growing into a modern citizen. This article revolves around this theme, to British salons, theatres, and pubs in 18th century. The publicity played by cafes and Freemasons is empirically studied. On the one hand, it discusses how they influence public policy and checks and balances the power of the state. On the other hand, they mainly discuss the public in salons, theatres and taverns. How, in the public sphere of cafes and Freemasons, to learn to make rational judgments about the affairs of the state, to learn and acquire the talents, conduct, and skills that respect the business of the state authorities and officials, To pave the way for their growth into a modern citizen, and to make this public role ultimately contribute to the formation of a modern civil society; It also studies how women play a role in salons and theatres as part of the public sphere and gives new importance to women as consumers and recipients of culture. As a traceability research and discussion on the formation mechanism of modern civil society by using the public domain theory model, This paper discusses in detail the role of Freemason as a public domain mechanism in the development of British civil society. In this public sphere, the citizen public has learned how to use it in public.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：K561.4

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本文編號：1589239