本文選題：亞述帝國(guó)　切入點(diǎn)：“拉科蘇”士兵　出處：《世界歷史》2012年01期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：亞述帝國(guó)的"拉科蘇"(raksu)士兵是宦官長(zhǎng)麾下國(guó)王衛(wèi)隊(duì)的精銳。盡管"拉科蘇"士兵主要由被征服地區(qū)的人員組成,但是他們享受免賦役的特權(quán)。公元前9世紀(jì)末和公元前8世紀(jì)初,實(shí)力雄厚的亞述高官企圖挑戰(zhàn)國(guó)王的權(quán)威,國(guó)王依靠宦官長(zhǎng)及其統(tǒng)帥的國(guó)王衛(wèi)隊(duì)保住了王位。國(guó)王論功行賞,擢升宦官長(zhǎng),豁免其麾下忠勇士兵的賦役,"拉科蘇"士兵于是應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。隨著大量俘虜?shù)氖站?國(guó)王衛(wèi)隊(duì)的規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,進(jìn)而發(fā)展成為亞述帝國(guó)的常備軍,并在對(duì)外擴(kuò)張中大顯身手。國(guó)王獎(jiǎng)賞常備軍表現(xiàn)卓異的士兵,"拉科蘇"士兵不時(shí)出現(xiàn)。亞述帝國(guó)末期,實(shí)力膨脹的宦官長(zhǎng)覬覦王位,國(guó)王的近衛(wèi)軍可能是其謀逆的幫兇,"拉科蘇"士兵或卷入其中。"拉科蘇"士兵的出現(xiàn)及其功能的異化與亞述政局的變化密切相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:The Lakosu soldiers of the Assyrian Empire were the elite of the king's guard under the eunuch, although the Lakosu soldiers were mainly made up of men from the conquered areas. But they enjoyed the privilege of exemption from duty. In late 9th century BC and early 8th century BC, powerful Assyrian officials attempted to challenge the authority of the king, who relied on the eunuch and his commander-in-chief, the king's guard, to keep the throne. With the promotion of eunuchs and the exemption of loyal and brave soldiers under his command, the "Lakosu" soldiers came into being. As a large number of prisoners were collected, the King's Guards grew in size and developed into a standing army of the Assyrian Empire. The king rewarded the soldiers of the standing army, the soldiers of "Lakosu" from time to time. At the end of the Assyrian Empire, the powerful eunuchs coveted the throne. The king's guards may be his accomplices to the rebellion, and the appearance of the soldiers and the dissimilation of their functions are closely related to the changes in the political situation of Assyria.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院世界歷史研究所;
【基金】：國(guó)家社科基金青年項(xiàng)目“亞述賦役制度研究”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):08CSS001)的階段性成果 “教育部留學(xué)回國(guó)人員科研啟動(dòng)基金”資助
【分類號(hào)】：K124

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