本文選題：查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)　切入點(diǎn)：國(guó)際聯(lián)盟　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：1932—1935年爆發(fā)的查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是玻利維亞和巴拉圭為爭(zhēng)奪北查科地區(qū)歸屬權(quán)而發(fā)生的邊界沖突戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。查科地區(qū)的地緣政治、歷史根源、石油資源以及交戰(zhàn)國(guó)家的內(nèi)政外交促成了這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的爆發(fā)，同時(shí)這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不僅使交戰(zhàn)國(guó)玻利維亞和巴拉圭在軍事、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)等方面付出了慘重的代價(jià),也使得介入查科調(diào)停與斡旋的國(guó)家和國(guó)際組織付出了艱辛的努力，其中國(guó)際聯(lián)盟的介入和調(diào)停發(fā)揮了積極的作用。 在查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的和平解決機(jī)制中，相關(guān)的國(guó)家和國(guó)際組織在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的不同發(fā)展階段扮演了不同角色。查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的外交調(diào)停過程分別經(jīng)歷了以美國(guó)及其中立國(guó)委員會(huì)主導(dǎo)的調(diào)停機(jī)制；以阿根廷為首的“ABCP”集團(tuán)的外交斡旋努力，最后國(guó)際聯(lián)盟構(gòu)建的多邊主義框架和機(jī)制被國(guó)際社會(huì)接受為查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)解決的普遍機(jī)制。具體來講，國(guó)聯(lián)分別從和平計(jì)劃的制定、設(shè)立特別委員會(huì)、武器禁運(yùn)以及召開國(guó)際和平會(huì)議等方面對(duì)查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)雙方進(jìn)行了全方位的調(diào)停，同時(shí)國(guó)聯(lián)還在多邊主義機(jī)制的建立過程中積極與美國(guó)等國(guó)家以及泛美聯(lián)盟等地區(qū)性國(guó)際組織進(jìn)行合作，并最終促使查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的和平解決。綜觀查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)調(diào)停的歷史進(jìn)程，國(guó)際聯(lián)盟依托多邊主義解決機(jī)制在查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的發(fā)展始末貢獻(xiàn)了自己的力量，對(duì)于拉美地區(qū)的和平發(fā)展起到了積極而富有建設(shè)性的作用。 通過國(guó)聯(lián)對(duì)查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)政策的研究，可以得出以下結(jié)論:國(guó)際聯(lián)盟為解決查科戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)付出了最大的努力,并憑借其國(guó)際聯(lián)盟盟約的指導(dǎo)性準(zhǔn)則始終影響著國(guó)聯(lián)常任理事國(guó)決策者們?cè)诓榭茟?zhàn)爭(zhēng)問題上的立場(chǎng)和態(tài)度。最終，，國(guó)聯(lián)通過采取多邊主義的手段和方法來爭(zhēng)取并實(shí)現(xiàn)了南美地區(qū)的和平。因此，玻利維亞和巴拉圭之間的這場(chǎng)軍事沖突不僅是二戰(zhàn)前拉美國(guó)際關(guān)系史上的一次重大歷史事件，同時(shí)也成為國(guó)際聯(lián)盟在國(guó)際關(guān)系舞臺(tái)上發(fā)揮作用的一次重要實(shí)踐。
[Abstract]:The Chaco War, which broke out between 1932 and 1935, was a border conflict between Bolivia and Paraguay over ownership in the North Chaco region, the geopolitical and historical roots of the Chaco region. The oil resources and the domestic and foreign affairs of the warring countries contributed to the outbreak of the war, and the war not only caused the belligerents Bolivia and Paraguay to pay a heavy military, political, economic and other costs. Countries and international organizations involved in the mediation and mediation of Chaco made strenuous efforts, among which the intervention and mediation of the League of Nations played an active role. In the peaceful settlement mechanism of the Chaco war, The relevant countries and international organizations have played different roles in different stages of the war. The diplomatic mediation process of the Chaco War has gone through the mediation mechanism led by the United States and its Neutral Nations Commission. The diplomatic mediation efforts of the "ABCP" group, led by Argentina, resulted in the multilateral framework and mechanism constructed by the League of Nations being accepted by the international community as a universal mechanism for the settlement of the Chaco war. Specifically, the League of Nations worked out a peace plan respectively. The establishment of the Special Commission, the arms embargo and the convening of an international peace conference have mediated the Chaco war in all its aspects. At the same time, the League of Nations has also actively cooperated with the United States and other countries, as well as regional international organizations such as the Pan American Union, in the process of establishing a multilateral mechanism, and finally promoted the peaceful settlement of the Chaco War. Take a look at the historical process of mediation in the Chaco War. Relying on the multilateral settlement mechanism, the League of Nations contributed its own strength to the development of the Chaco War and played a positive and constructive role in the peaceful development of Latin America. Through the study of the war policy of the League of Nations on Chaco, we can draw the following conclusions: the League of Nations has made the greatest effort to resolve the war in Chaco. And, by virtue of the guiding principles of its League of Nations covenants, have always influenced the positions and attitudes of the policy makers of the permanent members of the League on the issue of the Chaco war. This military conflict between Bolivia and Paraguay is not only a major historical event in the history of international relations in Latin America before World War II, but also a major historical event in the history of international relations in Latin America before World War II. At the same time, it has become an important practice for the League of Nations to play a role on the stage of international relations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：K151;E779;E781

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