本文關(guān)鍵詞： 石母田正 首長(zhǎng)制 村落首長(zhǎng) 國(guó)家公共權(quán)力　出處：《古代文明》2017年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：戰(zhàn)后日本著名古代史學(xué)者石母田正提出的首長(zhǎng)制學(xué)說(shuō)認(rèn)為,在古代日本,郡是政治統(tǒng)一的共同體,因而將郡司級(jí)首長(zhǎng)看作是地方共同體的代表,律令制下的郡司是將地方首長(zhǎng)的統(tǒng)治制度化的產(chǎn)物。石母田正不承認(rèn)村落級(jí)共同體及其首長(zhǎng)的主體性,但日本史料中關(guān)于"村首"的記載證實(shí)了村落首長(zhǎng)的存在,同時(shí)村落起源傳說(shuō)佐證了村落并非郡司級(jí)首長(zhǎng)開(kāi)發(fā)的"計(jì)劃村落"。村落首長(zhǎng)與村落成員的納貢關(guān)系表明村落首長(zhǎng)主導(dǎo)下的社會(huì)生產(chǎn)關(guān)系才是原生性的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系,村落首長(zhǎng)也并未被排除在國(guó)家政權(quán)組織之外�？に炯�(jí)首長(zhǎng)的統(tǒng)治也是以村落首長(zhǎng)的統(tǒng)治為前提,這種統(tǒng)治具有國(guó)家公共權(quán)力萌芽的性格。
[Abstract]:After the war, Shi Mutian, a famous Japanese scholar of ancient history, put forward the doctrine of the head system. In ancient Japan, the prefectures were politically unified communities, so they regarded the county heads as the representatives of the local communities. The Sheriff under the law was the product of institutionalizing the rule of the local chief. Shimutian did not recognize the subjectivity of the village-level community and its chief, but the records of the "village head" in Japanese historical materials confirmed the existence of the village chief. At the same time, the legend of village origin proves that the village is not a "planned village" developed by the county chief. The tributary relationship between the village chief and the village members shows that the social relations of production under the leadership of the village chief are the original production relations. The head of the village is not excluded from the state power organization, and the rule of the county chief is also based on the rule of the chief of the village, which has the character of the budding public power of the state.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院世界歷史所;四川外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)日語(yǔ)系;
【分類號(hào)】：K242

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