本文選題：國(guó)際格局 + 國(guó)家利益　； 參考：《燕山大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：近代以來(lái),中國(guó)外交經(jīng)歷了從無(wú)盟可結(jié)到被動(dòng)結(jié)盟再到主動(dòng)結(jié)盟最后到主動(dòng)不結(jié)盟的轉(zhuǎn)變。本文首先回溯了這一歷史過(guò)程,然后以結(jié)盟理論為視角對(duì)中國(guó)的歷次結(jié)盟進(jìn)行了利弊分析,接著對(duì)中國(guó)式“不結(jié)盟”的確立與堅(jiān)持進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的論述,最后探討了中國(guó)繼續(xù)實(shí)行不結(jié)盟戰(zhàn)略的基本理?yè)?jù)和發(fā)展前景。 中國(guó)外交之所以在結(jié)盟與不結(jié)盟之間不斷的搖擺不定,主要取決于三方面的因素,第一是國(guó)際格局的變動(dòng),第二是中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)形勢(shì)的變化,第三是國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變。 進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)形勢(shì)發(fā)生了新變化,國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)中國(guó)是否應(yīng)當(dāng)繼續(xù)實(shí)行不結(jié)盟戰(zhàn)略發(fā)生了爭(zhēng)論。本文認(rèn)為:中國(guó)在21世紀(jì)初堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主的“不結(jié)盟”外交戰(zhàn)略仍然是理性選擇。這主要是基于歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)兩方面的考慮。導(dǎo)致中國(guó)繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持“不結(jié)盟”的歷史因素主要有:崇尚和平的傳統(tǒng)文化,對(duì)不平等條約體系的顧慮,民族主義和愛(ài)國(guó)主義的推動(dòng),國(guó)家主權(quán)意識(shí)的內(nèi)化等。繼續(xù)施行“不結(jié)盟”外交戰(zhàn)略的現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)主要有:國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的需要,國(guó)家實(shí)力相對(duì)強(qiáng)大、但仍是發(fā)展中國(guó)家,和平與發(fā)展的時(shí)代主題未變,結(jié)盟政治的影響在核時(shí)代開(kāi)始降低等。 本文認(rèn)為,21世紀(jì)初中國(guó)應(yīng)該從以下五個(gè)方面繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持“不結(jié)盟”外交戰(zhàn)略:繼續(xù)調(diào)整大國(guó)關(guān)系,實(shí)行結(jié)伴而不結(jié)盟;立足亞太,加強(qiáng)亞洲認(rèn)同,營(yíng)造良好周邊環(huán)境;積極融入國(guó)際社會(huì),爭(zhēng)做負(fù)責(zé)任的大國(guó);推行新型多邊主義,積極參與全球治理;倡導(dǎo)構(gòu)建和諧世界,力爭(zhēng)實(shí)現(xiàn)和平崛起。
[Abstract]:Since modern times, China's diplomacy has experienced a transition from unallied to passive alliance to active alliance and finally to active nonalignment. This paper reviews this historical process at first, then analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of China's previous alliances from the perspective of alliance theory, and then systematically discusses the establishment and persistence of "non-alignment" in China. Finally, the paper discusses the basic rationale and development prospects for China to continue carrying out the non-alignment strategy. The reason why China's diplomacy is constantly wobbling between alliance and non-alignment mainly depends on three factors: the first is the change of international pattern, the second is the change of China's domestic situation, and the third is the change of the concept of national leaders. In the 21st century, new changes have taken place in the international and domestic situation, and scholars at home and abroad have debated whether China should continue to implement the non-alignment strategy. This paper holds that it is still a rational choice for China to adhere to an independent "non-aligned" diplomatic strategy at the beginning of the 21 st century. This is mainly based on historical and realistic considerations. The historical factors that cause China to persist in "nonalignment" are: the traditional culture of peace, the concern about unequal treaty system, the promotion of nationalism and patriotism, the internalization of national sovereignty consciousness, and so on. The realistic basis for continuing to implement the "non-aligned" diplomatic strategy is mainly as follows: the needs of domestic economic development and social stability, the relative strength of the country is relatively strong, but it is still a developing country, and the theme of the era of peace and development has not changed. The influence of alliance politics began to diminish in the nuclear age. This paper holds that China should continue to adhere to the "non-aligned" diplomatic strategy from the following five aspects at the beginning of the 21st century: to continue to adjust the relations between big countries, to carry out partnership and non-alignment, to establish a foothold in the Asia-Pacific region, to strengthen Asian identity, and to create a good surrounding environment; To actively integrate into the international community and strive to be a responsible power; to promote new multilateralism and actively participate in global governance; to advocate the building of a harmonious world and to strive for a peaceful rise.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D820

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