本文選題：中國(guó) + 美國(guó)　； 參考：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 1949年新中國(guó)成立后,由于中美在意識(shí)形態(tài)和政治制度等方面存在著差異,致使雙方隔絕、對(duì)峙了20多年。在此期間,中美兩國(guó)一直通過(guò)除正式外交之外的其他多種渠道進(jìn)行接觸與溝通。但自1972年美國(guó)總統(tǒng)理查德·尼克松訪華后,中美關(guān)系獲得迅速發(fā)展,在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、貿(mào)易和文化等方面的交流也日益頻繁。這樣,原有的聯(lián)絡(luò)渠道已無(wú)法滿足兩國(guó)溝通的需要,在兩國(guó)之間必須考慮重新建立一種新的聯(lián)絡(luò)途徑。此外,自20世紀(jì)60年代末開(kāi)始,國(guó)際形勢(shì)也發(fā)生了明顯變化;蘇聯(lián)一度成為中美兩國(guó)的巨大威脅。如果此時(shí)能夠在中美之間建立起一種“有形”聯(lián)系,對(duì)于抑制蘇聯(lián)的擴(kuò)張無(wú)疑是具有重大作用的。中美兩國(guó)政府通過(guò)協(xié)商,最后一致同意在雙方首都互設(shè)聯(lián)絡(luò)處,作為聯(lián)絡(luò)機(jī)構(gòu)。 中美聯(lián)絡(luò)處不僅是中美雙方溝通的橋梁,也是雙方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人了解彼此國(guó)情的一個(gè)重要窗口。在中美關(guān)系正�；M(jìn)程中,美國(guó)駐華聯(lián)絡(luò)處不僅為美國(guó)政要訪華出謀劃策,對(duì)中國(guó)政治局勢(shì)密切關(guān)注,還根據(jù)自己對(duì)中國(guó)國(guó)情以及政治、文化的了解向制定對(duì)華政策的美國(guó)高層決策者提出自己的意見(jiàn)和建議,為中美兩國(guó)關(guān)系健康發(fā)展搭橋鋪路。中國(guó)駐美聯(lián)絡(luò)處也在推動(dòng)中美文化交流、促進(jìn)中美貿(mào)易往來(lái)、加強(qiáng)中美雙方相互理解方面發(fā)揮了積極作用。一切無(wú)疑加速了兩國(guó)關(guān)系正常化進(jìn)程。20世紀(jì)70年代后半期,由于蘇聯(lián)大肆擴(kuò)張其勢(shì)力范圍,致使中美兩國(guó)的國(guó)際戰(zhàn)略形勢(shì)日益惡化,對(duì)此,兩國(guó)不得不下定決心啟動(dòng)建交談判。在這一談判過(guò)程中,美國(guó)駐華聯(lián)絡(luò)處向國(guó)內(nèi)提出了“先易后難”的談判原則,并得到高層決策者的認(rèn)可;中國(guó)駐美聯(lián)絡(luò)處及時(shí)報(bào)告了美國(guó)政府的政治立場(chǎng)。這樣,在中、美雙方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和聯(lián)絡(luò)處的不懈努力下,中美建交談判終以令人驚訝的速度取得了成功。中美關(guān)系最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了正�；�。
[Abstract]:After the founding of New China in 1949, because of the differences in ideology and political system between China and the United States, the two sides were isolated and confronted for more than 20 years. During this period, China and the United States have been in contact and communication through a variety of channels other than formal diplomacy. But since President Richard Nixon's visit to China in 1972, Sino-US relations have developed rapidly, and exchanges in politics, economy, trade and culture have become increasingly frequent. In this way, the existing communication channels can no longer meet the needs of communication between the two countries, so we must consider re-establishing a new way of communication between the two countries. Moreover, the international situation has changed markedly since the late 1960s, and the Soviet Union was once a great threat to China and the United States. If a "tangible" link between China and the United States can be established at this time, it will undoubtedly play a major role in curbing the Soviet Union's expansion. Through consultations, the two governments agreed to establish liaison offices in each other's capitals as liaison agencies. The Sino-American Liaison Office is not only a bridge between China and the United States, but also an important window for leaders of both sides to understand each other's national conditions. In the process of normalization of Sino-US relations, the US Liaison Office in China not only advises US dignitaries on their visit to China, pays close attention to the political situation in China, but also according to their own national conditions and politics. A cultural understanding will provide advice and suggestions to top U.S. policy makers on China, paving the way for the healthy development of Sino-US relations. The Chinese Liaison Office in the United States has also played an active role in promoting cultural exchanges between China and the United States, promoting trade exchanges between China and the United States, and enhancing mutual understanding between China and the United States. In the late 1970s, the Soviet Union expanded its sphere of influence, which led to the worsening of the international strategic situation between China and the United States. Therefore, the two countries had to resolve to start negotiations on the establishment of diplomatic relations. In the course of this negotiation, the US Liaison Office in China put forward the negotiation principle of "easy before difficult" and was recognized by the senior decision makers, and the Chinese Liaison Office in the United States reported the political position of the US government in time. In this way, thanks to the unremitting efforts of US and Chinese leaders and liaison offices, the negotiations on the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States have finally succeeded at a surprising speed. Relations between China and the United States were finally normalized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D829

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