發(fā)布時間：2018-04-29 10:33

  本文選題：當代中國 + 國家利益��； 參考：《遼寧大學》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：國家利益是隨著現(xiàn)代民族國家的誕生而出現(xiàn)的。從國際政治的視角看，國家利益是一個國家外交戰(zhàn)略的出發(fā)點和歸宿。國家利益的維護與拓展是在國家利益觀的指導下進行的。國家利益維護與拓展的程度是一個國家判斷其外交戰(zhàn)略正確與否的重要標準，也是檢驗國家利益觀正確與否的唯一標準。世界上既然存在著特定的民族國家，就一定會產(chǎn)生與之相應(yīng)的國家利益，，也就存在著不同的國家利益觀。研究當代中國國家利益觀,需要分析時代背景。當代中國國家利益觀的國際背景是冷戰(zhàn)后、特別是進入新世紀以來，高科技的新發(fā)展、全球化的新挑戰(zhàn)、國際合作的新內(nèi)容、全球治理的新問題等對我國國家利益的維護與拓展提出了新的要求；國內(nèi)背景是新中國成立以來，特別是改革開放以來，中國的綜合國力與日俱增，中國的國際地位逐步提高，中國作為一個正在崛起的發(fā)展中的社會主義大國，如何在對外交往中維護和拓展國家利益，是有識之士非常關(guān)注的問題。改革開放以前，我國很少使用國家利益這個概念。涉及到這方面的問題，人們經(jīng)常用民族利益、人民利益等概念來代替。國家利益觀真正進入研究視域是上個世紀80年代以后的事，基本上是在我國亟需融入國際社會以及西方國家研究國家利益理論如火如荼的背景下開始的。我國政府和學者研究國家利益觀的起步相對較晚，但取得了豐碩的研究成果。隨著國際國內(nèi)環(huán)境的變化，國家利益的內(nèi)容和次序也在改變。中國國家利益的實踐證明：只有以馬克思主義的國家利益觀為指導，從國際國內(nèi)的實際出發(fā)，符合中國人民和世界人民的良好愿望，國家利益才能真正得到維護和拓展。因此，我們要形成以馬克思主義國家利益理論為指導，以維護國家安全利益、政治利益、經(jīng)濟利益、文化利益等各利益要素的有機統(tǒng)一為目標的國家利益理念。我們要堅持獨立自主的和平發(fā)展道路，利用世界和平與發(fā)展的機遇壯大自己，以自己的發(fā)展促進世界和諧，從而滿足我國各族人民合法的物質(zhì)和精神需要。 不同國家對國家利益的概念、內(nèi)涵等有著不同的認識，這是不同國家利益觀念各不相同的原因之一。研究當代中國國家利益觀主要是讓人們了解，當代中國的國家利益是建立在社會主義制度的基礎(chǔ)上的，是建立在獨立自主的和平發(fā)展道路的基礎(chǔ)之上的，是建立在與人類社會根本利益一致的基礎(chǔ)上的，是建立在為我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)搭建有利的國際國內(nèi)平臺的基礎(chǔ)上的。在此基礎(chǔ)上，本文著重研究和分析了五個方面的問題：一是研究當代中國國家利益觀的理論基礎(chǔ)。馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家的國家利益理論是當代中國國家利益觀的理論淵源；中國優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化對當代中國國家利益觀的形成具有深遠的影響；西方國家利益理論對當代中國國家利益觀的形成具有極大的促進和借鑒作用。二是研究當代中國國家利益觀的演進過程。本文分析了建黨以來特別是新中國成立后中國國家利益觀的演進過程。中國共產(chǎn)黨新民主主義革命時期國家利益的理論與實踐，標志著當代中國國家利益觀的萌芽；中國共產(chǎn)黨新中國成立后國家利益的理論與實踐，標志著當代中國國家利益觀的形成；中國共產(chǎn)黨改革開放后國家利益的理論與實踐，標志著當代中國國家利益觀的完善與發(fā)展。三是研究當代中國國家利益觀的時代挑戰(zhàn)與實踐。本文從現(xiàn)實的角度分析當代中國國家利益觀所面臨的時代背景與各種挑戰(zhàn)。經(jīng)濟全球化、國際關(guān)系民主化、世界文化多樣性、科技革命日新月異、全球治理新問題等是不以人們的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的一種客觀歷史發(fā)展趨勢。同時，隨著中國綜合國力的提高，“中國威脅論”等論調(diào)在與日俱增。在這樣全新的背景下，中國國家的安全利益、政治利益、經(jīng)濟利益以及文化利益等勢必具有鮮明的時代特征，對中國國家利益的理論與實踐提出了新的要求。四是研究當代中國國家利益觀的主要內(nèi)容與基本特征。當代中國國家利益觀的主要內(nèi)容是：“維護國家的主權(quán)、統(tǒng)一、領(lǐng)土完整和安全；堅持以經(jīng)濟建設(shè)為中心，不斷提高綜合國力；堅持和完善社會主義制度；保持和促進社會的安定團結(jié)；爭取一個長期和平的國際環(huán)境和良好的周邊環(huán)境�！雹龠@一當代中國國家利益觀是在長期的革命、建設(shè)和改革的實踐過程中形成的。當代中國國家利益觀是中國國家性質(zhì)的集中體現(xiàn)和必然選擇，是國家利益與人民利益的統(tǒng)一，是國家利益與人類利益的統(tǒng)一。五是研究當代中國國家利益觀的演進經(jīng)驗與時代價值。當代中國國家利益觀是對馬克思主義利益理論的重大發(fā)展，也是對中國外交理論的新貢獻，更為解決國際問題提供了新思路。當代中國國家利益觀演進的歷程告訴我們：必須完整準確地把握馬克思主義的國家利益理論，必須從中國的實際出發(fā)，必須準確地把握國家利益的動態(tài)性特點。綜上，本文論述了當代中國國家利益觀的理論基礎(chǔ)、演進歷程、主要內(nèi)容、時代挑戰(zhàn)、基本特征、時代價值及其基本經(jīng)驗。研究當代中國國家利益觀主要是為我國國家利益的維護和拓展提供理論支撐和實踐指導。
[Abstract]:The national interest is the starting point and destination of a national diplomatic strategy from the perspective of international politics. The maintenance and expansion of national interests is carried out under the guidance of the national interest view. The degree of national interest maintenance and expansion is a state to judge its diplomatic strategy. The important standard of whether it is true or not is the only standard to test the correctness of the national interest view. Since there is a specific national country in the world, there will be a corresponding national interest and a different view of national interests. It is necessary to analyze the contemporary Chinese national interest view and to analyze the background of the times. Since the cold war, since the cold war, especially since the new century, the new development of high technology, the new challenge of globalization, the new content of international cooperation and the new problems of global governance have put forward new requirements for the maintenance and expansion of our national interests. The domestic background is the comprehensive China since the new China became the establishment, especially since the reform and opening up. As the national strength is increasing, China's international status is gradually increasing. As a rising socialist country in the developing country, how to maintain and expand the national interests in foreign exchanges is a matter of great concern for the people of insight. Before the reform and opening up, our country rarely uses the concept of national interests. We often use the concept of national interests, people's interests and other concepts. The real entry of the national interest view is after the 80s of the last century. It is basically in the background that our country urgently needs to integrate into the international community and the western countries to study the national interests theory. Our government and scholars study the national interests. With the change of the international and domestic environment, the content and order of the national interests are also changing. The practice of the national interests of China has proved that the good wishes of the Chinese people and the people of the world are only guided by the Marx doctrine of national interests and from the international and domestic reality. The national interests can be truly maintained and expanded. Therefore, we should form a national interest concept with the guidance of Marx's theory of national interests, in order to maintain the organic unity of national security interests, political interests, economic interests, cultural interests and other interests. We should adhere to the independent path of peaceful development and use it. The opportunities for world peace and development will strengthen themselves and promote world harmony with their own development, so as to meet the legitimate material and spiritual needs of all ethnic groups in China.
Different countries have different understanding of the concept and connotation of national interests. This is one of the reasons that different countries have different interests. The study of the national interests of contemporary China is mainly to let people understand that the national interests of contemporary China are based on the socialist system and are based on the independent development of peace. Based on the basis of the fundamental interests of the human society, the road is based on the establishment of a favorable international and domestic platform for the modernization of our country. On this basis, this paper focuses on the research and analysis of five aspects: one is to study the theoretical basis of the National Interest Outlook of Contemporary China. Mark The theory of the national interests of the classical writers of thought is the theoretical origin of the contemporary China's national interest view; the Chinese excellent traditional culture has a profound influence on the formation of the contemporary China's national interest view; the western national interest theory has a great promotion and reference to the formation of the contemporary China's national interest view. Two is the study of the contemporary era. The evolution process of the national interest outlook. This article analyses the evolution process of the national interest view of China since the founding of the party, especially after the founding of new China. The theory and practice of the national interests during the period of the new democratic revolution of the Communist Party of China symbolized the germination of the national interest view of the contemporary China, and the reason of the national interests after the founding of the new China of the Communist Party of China. The theory and practice of the national interests of the Chinese Communist Party after the reform and opening up, symbolized the perfection and development of the national interest view of contemporary China. Three is the time challenge and practice of studying the national interest view of contemporary China. This article analyses the national interest view of contemporary China from the Perspective of reality. The economic globalization, the democratization of the international relations, the world cultural diversity, the rapid development of the scientific and technological revolution and the new global governance problems are an objective historical development trend that is not transferred by the will of the people. At the same time, with the improvement of China's comprehensive national strength, the "China Threat Theory" is on the basis of the day. In this new background, China's national security interests, political interests, economic interests and cultural interests are bound to have distinct characteristics of the times, and put forward new requirements for the theory and practice of China's national interests. Four is the main content and basic characteristics of the study of the national interests of contemporary China. The main contents are: "safeguarding the sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity and security of the state; insisting on the economic construction as the center, constantly improving the comprehensive national strength; adhering to and perfecting the socialist system; maintaining and promoting the stability and unity of the society; striving for a long-term peaceful international environment and a good surrounding environment." (1) this contemporary China The national interest view is formed in the process of long-term revolution, construction and reform. The national interest view of contemporary China is the centralization and inevitable choice of the national nature of China, the unity of national interests and the interests of the people, the unity of the national interests and the interests of mankind. Five is the evolution experience and time of studying the National Interest Outlook of contemporary China. The view of contemporary China's national interest is a major development of Marx's theory of interest, a new contribution to the Chinese diplomatic theory and a new way of thinking for solving international problems. The course of the evolution of the national interest view of contemporary China tells us that the theory of national interests that holds Marx doctrine must be completely and accurately. On the basis of China's reality, we must accurately grasp the dynamic characteristics of the national interests. To sum up, this article discusses the theoretical basis, the course of evolution, the main content, the challenges of the times, the basic features, the value of the times and the basic experience of the contemporary China's national interest view. Expand to provide theoretical support and practical guidance.

【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D820

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