本文選題：美國(guó) + 密克羅尼西亞　； 參考：《福建師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：密克羅尼西亞,即太平洋島嶼托管地,二戰(zhàn)期間被美國(guó)占領(lǐng),隨后成為聯(lián)合國(guó)唯一的戰(zhàn)略托管地,由美國(guó)托管。20世紀(jì)60年代末,迫于聯(lián)合國(guó)的壓力和密克羅尼西亞人民的要求,美國(guó)政府不得不開(kāi)始回應(yīng)密克羅尼西亞關(guān)于未來(lái)政治地位的訴求。美國(guó)最初與象征托管地統(tǒng)一的密克羅尼西亞國(guó)會(huì)建立的代表團(tuán)進(jìn)行整體協(xié)商,協(xié)商的焦點(diǎn)在于密的主權(quán)和土地問(wèn)題。由于四年協(xié)商遲遲未果,美國(guó)斷然放棄整體協(xié)商政策,開(kāi)始對(duì)該地區(qū)實(shí)行分化協(xié)商政策。為了優(yōu)先保證在北馬地區(qū)的戰(zhàn)略利益并達(dá)到利誘其他五區(qū)的目的,美國(guó)迅速開(kāi)啟與北馬地區(qū)代表的單獨(dú)協(xié)商并成功簽約,該地區(qū)在托管結(jié)束后將建立聯(lián)邦,與美國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)永久的政治聯(lián)合。單獨(dú)協(xié)商加深了密克羅尼西亞的分裂趨勢(shì)。這一時(shí)期美國(guó)雖和代表其余五區(qū)的密?chē)?guó)會(huì)代表團(tuán)達(dá)成自由聯(lián)合條約草案,但密?chē)?guó)會(huì)表示拒絕,隨后召開(kāi)制憲會(huì)議制定出的憲法草案也與之存在較大沖突。鑒于此,加上馬紹爾群島和帕勞地區(qū)分離傾向加強(qiáng)以及美國(guó)在該地區(qū)利益變化等因素,美國(guó)決定重新審查對(duì)該地區(qū)的政策。無(wú)論整體協(xié)商還是分化協(xié)商,美國(guó)政策的最終目標(biāo)都是為了保證本國(guó)在該地區(qū)的利益。這反映出美國(guó)雖常以全球非殖民化進(jìn)程的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者自居,然而在對(duì)待自己的托管地時(shí)卻總是以本國(guó)國(guó)家利益為圭臬,而非僅僅考慮到自由、民主或自決。這一時(shí)期美國(guó)對(duì)密的政策導(dǎo)致其海外領(lǐng)土紛紛提出改變自身政治地位的要求,同時(shí)也造成并進(jìn)一步加深了托管地的分裂。
[Abstract]:Micronesia, the Trust of the Pacific Islands, was occupied by the United States during World War II and subsequently became the only strategic trust of the United Nations, hosted by the United States in the late 1960s, under pressure from the United Nations and by the demands of the people of Micronesia,The U.S. government has had to respond to Micronesia's demands for future political status.The United States initially consulted as a whole with the delegation established by the Federated States Congress, which symbolizes the unity of trusteeship, and the negotiations focused on the secret issues of sovereignty and land.Because of the delay in four years of negotiation, the United States gave up the overall negotiation policy and began to implement the policy of divisive negotiation on the region.In order to give priority to the strategic interests in the North Malaysia region and to achieve the purpose of inducing the other five districts, the United States quickly opened separate consultations with the representatives of the North Malaysia region and successfully signed the agreement, which will establish a federation after the trusteeship is over.Permanent political union with the United States.Separate negotiations deepened the fission trend in Micronesia.During this period, the United States reached a draft treaty of free association with the delegation of the secret Congress representing the other five districts, but the secret Congress refused to do so, and the draft constitution produced by the Constituent Assembly later was in great conflict with it.In view of this, the strengthening of separatism in the Marshall Islands and Palau and the changing interests of the United States in the region, the United States decided to re-examine its policy towards the region.The ultimate goal of U.S. policy, whether holistic or divisive, is to secure its own interests in the region.This reflects the fact that the United States, though often the leader of the global decolonization process, always treats its trustees on the basis of its own national interests, rather than merely considering freedom, democracy or self-determination.During this period, America's secret policy led to the demands of its overseas territories to change their political status, and also caused and deepened the division of trustees.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D871.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 徐瑤;美國(guó)海外基地體系的演變[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：1740281