本文選題：杜魯門政府　切入點：民防政策　出處：《渤海大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：民防是為保護民眾并進行戰(zhàn)后重建而產生的一種防御措施。隨著冷戰(zhàn)時代的到來,尤其是蘇聯對核技術的掌握,民防的重要性日益凸顯。民防隨即提上美國國家安全日程。杜魯門政府的民防政策基于美國在一戰(zhàn)二戰(zhàn)期間的民防傳統(tǒng),并受到冷戰(zhàn)與核武器發(fā)展這兩大因素的影響而出現。在經過對日本的戰(zhàn)略轟炸調查、軍方的3b-1報告、布爾報告、霍普利報告等一系列報告反復討論之后。杜魯門政府通過《聯邦民防法案》,并成立專門的工作機構,將這一政策確定下來。在聯邦民防局的帶領下,美國國內進行了大規(guī)模的民防實踐。聯邦民防局通過發(fā)起警戒美國等行動,來教育美國公眾使之對民防更加了解,另外提出了修建掩體等計劃來推行民防政策。但在這一過程中暴露出來的經費問題以及其它方面所存在的爭論,使杜魯門政府時期的民防政策實踐未能完全達到其設想中的目標。不管怎樣,杜魯門政府民防政策的制定與推行是為美國應對潛在戰(zhàn)爭威脅的舉措,盡管存在諸多的限制,美國政府、軍方、國會的爭論和研究依然增強了其對民防戰(zhàn)略價值、增強國家防御能力等方面的認知,仍為后繼政府發(fā)展民防提供了經驗。
[Abstract]:Civil defense is a defensive measure to protect people and rebuild after the war. With the advent of the Cold War era, especially the Soviet Union's mastery of nuclear technology, The importance of civil defense is becoming increasingly prominent. Civil defense is immediately on the US national security agenda. Truman's civil defense policy is based on the civil defense tradition of the United States during World War I and World War II. And was influenced by the Cold War and the development of nuclear weapons. After a strategic bombing investigation into Japan, the military's 3b-1 report, the Boolean report, After repeated discussions in a series of reports, such as the Hopper report, the Truman government passed the Federal Civil Defence Act and set up a special working body to define this policy. Under the leadership of the Federal Civil Defence Agency, The United States has carried out large-scale civil defense practices in the United States. The Federal Civil Defense Agency has educated the American public to know more about civil defense by launching actions such as vigilance against the United States. In addition, plans such as building bunkers have been proposed to carry out civil defence policies. However, the funding problems exposed in this process and the disputes in other areas have been raised. In any case, the formulation and implementation of the civil defense policy of Truman administration is a measure to deal with the potential threat of war for the United States, although there are many restrictions, The debate and research of the US government, military and Congress still enhance its understanding of the strategic value of civil defense and the ability of national defense, and still provide experience for the subsequent government to develop civil defense.
【學位授予單位】：渤海大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D871.2

【參考文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前2條

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2 郭培清;艾森豪威爾政府國家安全政策研究[D];東北師范大學;2003年

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本文編號：1657570