【摘要】：從災(zāi)害的影響來(lái)看,社區(qū)是承擔(dān)災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的主體,以社區(qū)為中心的災(zāi)害管理模式日益獲得世界各國(guó)的重視。社區(qū)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估是災(zāi)害管理的第一步。 本研究通過(guò)層次分析法厘清上海城市社區(qū)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估指標(biāo)體系的層次結(jié)構(gòu)和權(quán)重,通過(guò)建立清晰易填的指標(biāo)體系進(jìn)行脆弱性評(píng)估,又通過(guò)運(yùn)用模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法進(jìn)行致災(zāi)因子識(shí)別,再綜合脆弱性評(píng)估和致災(zāi)因子識(shí)別獲得綜合風(fēng)險(xiǎn)度評(píng)價(jià)。并將該風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估體系運(yùn)用到上海24個(gè)不同類型的城市社區(qū),其實(shí)用性和有效性得到初步檢驗(yàn)。 該評(píng)估體系的確立,在兩方面有所突破和創(chuàng)新。一是創(chuàng)造性地引入了模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)的方法,在城市社區(qū)這樣一個(gè)小尺度下,對(duì)自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)害、公共衛(wèi)生事件和社會(huì)安全事件這四類突發(fā)公共事件的評(píng)價(jià)建立了一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。二是綜合脆弱性評(píng)估和致災(zāi)因子的作用,通過(guò)權(quán)重的調(diào)節(jié)來(lái)反映各個(gè)指標(biāo)在最終綜合評(píng)價(jià)中的貢獻(xiàn)度,形成綜合風(fēng)險(xiǎn)度。
[Abstract]:From the point of view of the influence of disasters, the community is the main body to bear the disaster risk, and the community-centered disaster management model has been paid more and more attention by all countries in the world. Community risk assessment is the first step in disaster management. In this study, the hierarchical structure and weight of Shanghai urban community risk assessment index system are clarified by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the vulnerability assessment is carried out by establishing a clear and easy to fill index system, and the disaster factors are identified by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Comprehensive risk assessment was obtained by comprehensive vulnerability assessment and disaster factor identification. The risk assessment system is applied to 24 different types of urban communities in Shanghai, and its practicability and effectiveness have been preliminarily tested. The establishment of the evaluation system has made breakthroughs and innovations in two aspects. First, the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation has been creatively introduced to deal with natural disasters and accident disasters on such a small scale as urban communities. The evaluation of four kinds of public events, public health events and social security incidents, establishes a unified standard. The second is the function of comprehensive vulnerability assessment and disaster-causing factors, which reflects the contribution of each index in the final comprehensive evaluation through the adjustment of weight, and forms the comprehensive risk degree.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：C912.8;F224

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 楊俊;王占岐;金貴;程丙銀;侯現(xiàn)慧;;基于AHP與模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)的土地整治項(xiàng)目實(shí)施后效益評(píng)價(jià)[J];長(zhǎng)江流域資源與環(huán)境;2013年08期

2 王冠坤;;AHP-模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法在歷史文化街區(qū)公共安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估中的應(yīng)用——以天津五大道為例[J];天津城市建設(shè)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年04期

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本文編號(hào)：2490922