【摘要】：近年來(lái)信息傳播科技(Information and Communication Technology,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)ICT)的發(fā)展對(duì)聽(tīng)障者群體交往產(chǎn)生了重大影響�；ヂ�(lián)網(wǎng)興起后,文字、圖片、視頻等視覺(jué)信息傳播方式使聽(tīng)障者得以逾越更多障礙,獲得全新的信息體驗(yàn)。從無(wú)障礙傳播的角度來(lái)看,ICT對(duì)聽(tīng)障者的改變范圍已經(jīng)超越了以往研究中的技術(shù)支持和通信服務(wù),聽(tīng)障者通過(guò)使用新媒體進(jìn)行公開(kāi)表達(dá)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)社會(huì)交往,這在網(wǎng)絡(luò)社群中能夠被明顯地觀察到。作為特殊群體,聽(tīng)障者網(wǎng)絡(luò)社群的交往中或直接討論或間接流露出他們的身份認(rèn)同。聽(tīng)障者在社群互動(dòng)中交換著對(duì)身份的認(rèn)識(shí),影響著彼此身份歸屬。這些積極的參與行為進(jìn)一步激發(fā)出聽(tīng)障群體改變自身生存狀況的愿望與潛能,從而促成他們參與到諸如"字幕運(yùn)動(dòng)"和"政策意見(jiàn)征集"等改變生存境遇的行動(dòng)中。一些具有聾人協(xié)會(huì)主席身份的專(zhuān)業(yè)人士對(duì)聽(tīng)障者群體交往發(fā)揮著重要作用。新媒體對(duì)弱勢(shì)群體的賦權(quán)過(guò)程就在這樣的交往中得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。本文綜合使用了文本分析、參與觀察和深度訪談的研究方法,研究了聾人在線論壇、全國(guó)聾人交流QQ群、映客直播社群中的聽(tīng)障者交往行為和身份認(rèn)同問(wèn)題,得到了以下結(jié)論:1、信息傳播科技發(fā)展為聽(tīng)障者提供了網(wǎng)絡(luò)交往的多樣媒介平臺(tái)。通過(guò)網(wǎng)站結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)置會(huì)員層級(jí)的論壇上形成的是組織性強(qiáng)、參與重大議題的社群;媒介產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)扁平的QQ群中,成員關(guān)系相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單松散;映客直播社群中傳播者和受眾隨時(shí)可以身份互換,社群成員輪流成為交往的中心。2、聽(tīng)障者的身份認(rèn)同主要分為聽(tīng)人身份認(rèn)同、邊緣型身份認(rèn)同、聾人身份認(rèn)同和雙文化身份認(rèn)同,但交往中的身份問(wèn)題除了身份歸屬還包括身份焦慮和身份選擇。聽(tīng)障者身份認(rèn)同問(wèn)題在各網(wǎng)絡(luò)社群中形態(tài)有別。其中,聾人在線論壇的社群成員最關(guān)注身份問(wèn)題;QQ群中的身份認(rèn)同在日常交往議題中不突出;映客直播社群成員則因?yàn)橹鞑?duì)手語(yǔ)的使用天然地傾向于聾人身份認(rèn)同。3、聽(tīng)障者網(wǎng)絡(luò)社群中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)賦權(quán)主要體現(xiàn)在個(gè)人表達(dá)層面,權(quán)益訴求及動(dòng)員功能體現(xiàn)相對(duì)不明顯;聽(tīng)障者群體利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行表達(dá)的前提是克服技術(shù)障礙,熟練使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng),對(duì)于聽(tīng)障者來(lái)說(shuō),手語(yǔ)與文字語(yǔ)言的矛盾在線上交往中得到放大;在線上表達(dá)形成權(quán)益運(yùn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程中,(半)官方人員的參與是重要的推動(dòng)力量,他們提供了與體制進(jìn)行連接并將權(quán)益信息傳達(dá)給體制的作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of information communication technology (Information and Communication Technology,) has had a great impact on the communication of hearing impaired people. After the rise of the Internet, text, pictures, video and other visual information communication methods enable the deaf to overcome more obstacles and gain a new information experience. From the point of view of barrier-free communication, the scope of the change of ICT to the hearing-impaired has gone beyond the technical support and communication services in previous studies, and the hearing-impaired use of new media for public expression and network social interaction. This can be clearly observed in the online community. As a special group, the network community of hearing-impaired shows their identity directly or indirectly. In community interaction, the deaf exchange their understanding of identity and influence each other's identity ownership. These active participation behaviors further stimulate the desire and potential of the hearing-impaired group to change their living conditions, thus enabling them to participate in such life-changing actions as "subtitle movement" and "solicitation of policy advice". Some professionals who are president of the deaf association play an important role in the communication of the deaf. The new media empowerment of the disadvantaged groups in such a process of communication can be realized. Using the methods of text analysis, participation observation and in-depth interview, this paper studies the communication behavior and identity of deaf people in the online forum, the national exchange of QQgroups, the direct broadcast of the audience, the communication behavior of the hearing-impaired, and the identity of the deaf people in the community. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The development of information communication technology provides various media platforms for the deaf. Through the website structure set member level forum is formed is the organization, participates in the important topic community, in the media product design flat QQgroup, the member relation is relatively simple and loose; The communicators and the audience can exchange identities at any time in the live audience community. The members of the community turn into the center of communication. 2. The identity of the hearing impaired is mainly divided into listening identity and marginal identity. Deaf people's identity and bicultural identity, but the problem of identity in communication includes identity anxiety and identity choice in addition to identity attribution. The problem of the identity of the hearing-impaired is different in different network communities. Among them, the community members of the online Forum for the Deaf pay most attention to the issue of identity, and the identity in QQ group is not prominent in the daily communication issues. Because the use of sign language by the anchorman naturally tends to the identity of the deaf. 3. In the network community of the hearing-impaired, the network empowerment is mainly reflected in the level of individual expression, and the function of rights and interests appeal and mobilization is relatively not obvious. The premise of using the network to express the deaf group is to overcome the technical obstacle and to use the Internet skillfully. For the hearing-impaired, the contradiction between sign language and written language is amplified in the online communication. In the process of online expression to form the rights and interests movement, the participation of the (semi-official) personnel is an important driving force, they provide the function of connecting with the system and transmitting the information of the rights and interests to the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：C912.3

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