發(fā)布時間：2018-07-20 19:38

【摘要】：統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能研究,是運(yùn)用成本收益分析方法對各數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)方法與過程進(jìn)行評估,尋求其中成本投入最少、數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)出收益最佳的方法。就是在統(tǒng)計生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用的控制與所得數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量之間取得最優(yōu)的平衡點,以最小的數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)成本得到令人滿意的數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量——相對數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量最優(yōu)。因此,統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能研究的主要內(nèi)容是,在統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)方法與過程的基礎(chǔ)上,將統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)特性和成本收益分析方法(CBA)理論相結(jié)合,來討論政府綜合部門統(tǒng)計的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能問題。而在本文的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能研究中,為這些數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)的成本和收益的估算、效能的分析都給出了相應(yīng)的分析方法。 首先從我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)加工生產(chǎn)的實踐角度出發(fā),給出我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能的定義,也對數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)過程中的成本及收益進(jìn)行界定和分解。統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)投入成本就是指一定的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)過程中的各種資源占用和耗費(fèi),機(jī)會選擇的損失,以及其他因數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)行為而引起的社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)的代價�？偟臄�(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)成本就取決于需參與生產(chǎn)的機(jī)構(gòu)數(shù)量和每個統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)“生產(chǎn)者”因生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)而增加的負(fù)擔(dān)。而統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能所研究的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)出收益,是數(shù)據(jù)“消費(fèi)者”從統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)出中所能獲得的收益,是數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)后所取得的有效成果。這些成果一般來說會有許多方面的用處,在幫助制定相關(guān)政策和市場社會穩(wěn)定的同時,也有助于了解行業(yè)、地區(qū)或國家各個方面的行為。對收益的評價具體包括：所需要的數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量目標(biāo)的達(dá)到或趨近程度；數(shù)據(jù)“消費(fèi)者”對所獲得數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果的滿意程度；該數(shù)據(jù)對社會各種現(xiàn)象的解釋程度等各種與之相關(guān)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性和非經(jīng)濟(jì)性、價值和非價值的積極影響與結(jié)果。 然后研究如何在我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)中引入成本收益分析方法,探索研究適應(yīng)我國統(tǒng)計國情的成本關(guān)系模型和收益評估工具。文中第三部分詳細(xì)分析了統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)成本的影響因素,以及這些因素對成本數(shù)值計算所帶來的變化關(guān)系,給出各類數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)的投入成本與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)成本之間的數(shù)量與比例關(guān)系。而第四部分則說明了統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)出收益的組成部分以及評估方法,給出了具體的收益評估評分表,并進(jìn)一步講解了如何使用收益評估工具、具體分值的確定方法以及使用注意事項。盡管對生產(chǎn)過程中的絕對成本數(shù)值和收益具體量化的估算的確是較難實現(xiàn)的,但對其成本的核算與收益分?jǐn)?shù)的估算在文章中已被論證是可能實現(xiàn)的。 最后在成本核算、收益估算等內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,建立用于測算統(tǒng)計生產(chǎn)效能的研究分析框架。試圖通過構(gòu)建的框架來探究如何提升我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性、如何增強(qiáng)我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)的效能,以實現(xiàn)我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)相對質(zhì)量的提高。統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能研究應(yīng)用的核心目標(biāo),就是把文中給出的供實際參考的成本關(guān)系模型、收益評估工具和效能分析框架作為一個部分,通過調(diào)研確定各因素對成本影響的倍數(shù)以及各收益的實際應(yīng)評分?jǐn)?shù)后,將其運(yùn)用到統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)方法與步驟的效能分析之中,來觀察這些生產(chǎn)方法和步驟是否滿足效能最優(yōu),若不滿足則繼續(xù)尋求收益和成本之間更好的平衡。追求的是統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)出的相對質(zhì)量最優(yōu),而非忽視成本的投入數(shù)量而一味的追求更高質(zhì)量的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。 統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能是一個動態(tài)的框架,其中的成本收益分析的工具和方法也需要隨著依據(jù)和信息的變化而同步或定期更新。隨著效能研究的實施和時間的推移,統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能分析框架應(yīng)有助于當(dāng)所有統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)會對“生產(chǎn)者”形成較大的成本投入負(fù)擔(dān)時,數(shù)據(jù)“生產(chǎn)者”會更多的將他們的數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)出偏向于對“消費(fèi)者”最為重要的那部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)。通過效能研究將數(shù)據(jù)“生產(chǎn)者”與“消費(fèi)者”的相連接,來影響數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)方式(報表)、生產(chǎn)內(nèi)容與范圍(統(tǒng)計面板)、數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)來源(收集或估計)等,在生產(chǎn)滿足數(shù)據(jù)“消費(fèi)者”需求的數(shù)據(jù)同時,降低數(shù)據(jù)“生產(chǎn)者”的投入成本,以盡可能地解決類似于數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量越高則投入成本越大的矛盾,尋求令雙方都滿意的平衡點。在這一點上,統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)的效能最優(yōu),統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)出的相對質(zhì)量也最高。 本文的研究目標(biāo)是提高我國的相對統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量。創(chuàng)新點在于：提出了統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能與相對數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量的概念；是國內(nèi)首篇將統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能與成本收益分析法相結(jié)合的專題研究。是對國家綜合部門統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)的效能研究,通過對統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)中投入成本和產(chǎn)出收益的比較,來評價統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)的生產(chǎn)效能的高低,尋求最高的相對數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量。而效能研究的難點則包括以下兩個方面：一是如何對相對投入成本和產(chǎn)出收益進(jìn)行界定和分解,這是效能分析的微觀基礎(chǔ)；二是模型和評估工具的確定,而如何對分解后的成本收益各要素進(jìn)行量化和加權(quán),這對所推算的模型及所確定的評估工具成功與否起決定性作用。 具體的研究思路是遵循“理論研究——模型工具構(gòu)建——實例分析——前景展望”將正文共分為六章。第一章為引論部分,主要介紹國內(nèi)外有關(guān)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能的研究現(xiàn)狀；第二章,從一般統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)中所涉及的成本和收益的相關(guān)概念出發(fā),依據(jù)國內(nèi)外相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與定義,界定統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)過程中成本與收益的結(jié)構(gòu)體系和內(nèi)容,主要包括統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)成本和收益影響因素的分解與分析。第三、四章,集中討論統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)過程中成本收益的核算評估,結(jié)合成本收益分析理論和統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)過程,借鑒國外相關(guān)研究得到統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)的投入成本與產(chǎn)出效益的估算工具。第五章,根據(jù)前文建立起的投入成本與產(chǎn)出效益估算工具,結(jié)合統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)體系,匯總得到成本收益綜合評估框架,探討我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能評估框架的運(yùn)行,并通過國外應(yīng)用實例來說明該效能分析方法的可行性。最后一章,論述我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)中效能研究的成果及其可能遇到的困難及解決出路,討論未來可能進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步研究的方向。 歐美各國統(tǒng)計機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)將成本收益方法成功應(yīng)用于統(tǒng)計工作中,范圍上也在逐步擴(kuò)大。而我國尚沒有在統(tǒng)計工作中具體運(yùn)用成本收益分析核算效能的先例。目前,我國對統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能研究才剛剛開始,尤其是當(dāng)前的相關(guān)研究所提出視角往往集中于成本方,對包含成本收益兩方面的綜合研究相當(dāng)匱乏,還需要對其進(jìn)行更深入、更細(xì)致的研究。因此,我國與國際統(tǒng)計效能的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀還存在較大的差距,將統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能研究在我國具體數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)過程中實施還需要有一段距離。但是,該研究在其他國家的實施應(yīng)用,為日后對我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)的效能評估的應(yīng)用提供了借鑒和參考依據(jù)。在盡量避免我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能研究走彎路的同時,也為進(jìn)一步與國際統(tǒng)計研究接軌和我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能的成本收益分析框架的完善給出相應(yīng)的建議。 本文期望通過對數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能的研究,來進(jìn)一步豐富我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量管理體系的內(nèi)容；通過引入統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)相對質(zhì)量概念,來進(jìn)一步完善我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)的全面質(zhì)量管理；為提高我國統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)生產(chǎn)效能以求得統(tǒng)計成本收益間最優(yōu)平衡點,提供又一科學(xué)而又合理的評價方法。如果說,準(zhǔn)確性、及時性、可獲得性等這些統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量要素是從受益方來對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行最終評價,可理解為“絕對質(zhì)量”,那么成本收益視角則提出的“相對質(zhì)量”的概念。在科學(xué)發(fā)展觀指引下,這一更加體現(xiàn)效能的概念將在實際應(yīng)用中更具指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The study of statistical data production efficiency is to evaluate the methods and processes of each data production by means of cost-benefit analysis. The method of seeking the least cost input and the best yield of data output is to obtain the optimal balance point between the control of statistical production cost and the quality of the obtained data, with the minimum cost of data production. To the satisfactory data quality - the relative data quality is optimal. Therefore, the main content of the research on statistical data production efficiency is to combine the economic characteristics of statistical data with the CBA theory on the basis of the statistical data production method and process to discuss the statistical data production of the statistics of the government's comprehensive department. In the study of the efficiency of statistical data in this paper, the corresponding analysis methods are given for the estimation of the cost and income of these data production and the analysis of efficiency.
Starting from the practice of statistical data processing and production in China, the definition of the production efficiency of statistical data in China is given, and the cost and income in the process of data production are defined and decomposed. The cost of statistical data production refers to the consumption and consumption of various resources and the loss of opportunity selection in the production process of statistical data. Loss, and other social and economic costs caused by the production of data. The total cost of data production depends on the number of institutions required to participate in production and the burden on the increase in production data for each statistical data "producer". The output of data produced by statistical data production efficiency is the data "consumer". The benefits obtained from the output of statistical data are effective results after the production of data. These results generally have many aspects of use to help formulate relevant policies and market social stability, as well as to understand the behavior of the industry, the region or the country in all aspects. The extent to which the required data quality targets are reached or reached; the degree of satisfaction of the data "consumers" to the results of the data obtained; the extent to which the data is explained to various social phenomena, such as the economic and non economic, value and non value effects associated with it.
Then we study how to introduce the cost and benefit analysis method in our country's statistical data production and explore the cost relation model and the income assessment tool which adapts to the national statistical conditions of our country. The third part of this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the cost of the statistical data production, and the change relation of these factors to the cost calculation. The relationship between the amount and proportion of the input cost of various data production and the production cost of standard data is given. The fourth part illustrates the components and evaluation methods of the output income of the statistical data, gives the specific income assessment score table, and further explains how to make the use of the income assessment tool and the specific value of the determination method. And use attention. Although the estimation of the absolute cost value and the yield specific quantification in the production process is difficult to realize, the calculation of its cost and the estimation of the income score have been demonstrated in the article.
Finally, on the basis of the content of cost accounting and income estimation, the research and analysis framework used to calculate the statistical production efficiency is set up. Through the framework of the construction, we try to explore how to improve the economy of China's statistical data and how to enhance the efficiency of our country's statistical data production so as to improve the relative quality of our statistical data. According to the core objective of the research and application of production efficiency, the cost relation model provided for actual reference, the benefit assessment tool and the effectiveness analysis framework are used as a part. After investigating the multiple factors affecting the cost and the actual evaluation scores of each income, it is applied to the statistical data production methods and steps. In a sudden effectiveness analysis, we observe whether these production methods and steps meet the optimal efficiency, and continue to seek a better balance between income and cost if they are not satisfied. The pursuit of the relative quality of the output of statistical data is not to ignore the amount of cost and the pursuit of higher quality statistics.
Statistical data production efficiency is a dynamic framework in which the tools and methods of cost-benefit analysis also need to be synchronously or regularly updated as the basis and information change. With the implementation of effectiveness research and the lapse of time, the statistical data production effectiveness analysis framework should help to make all statistical data production to "producers" "Producers" are more likely to bias their data production output to the most important part of the "consumer". Through the effectiveness study, the data "producer" and "consumer" are connected to the data production methods (reports), production content and scope (Statistics). Panel), data production sources (collection or estimation), etc., in the production of data to meet the data "consumer" demand, reduce the input cost of the data "producer", in order to solve the contradiction similar to the higher the quality of the data, the greater the cost of input, to seek the balance between the two parties. At this point, the production of statistics. The efficiency is the best and the relative quality of data output is the highest.
The aim of this paper is to improve the quality of relative statistical data in China. The innovation point is that the concept of statistical data production efficiency and relative data quality is put forward. It is the first study in China to combine the efficiency of statistical data production with the cost-benefit analysis method. By comparing the cost of input and output in the production of statistical data to evaluate the production efficiency of statistical data, the highest relative data quality is sought, and the difficulties of efficiency research include the following two aspects: one is how to define and decompose the relative input cost and output income, which is the microcosmic of efficiency analysis. The two is the determination of the model and evaluation tool, and how to quantify and weigh the factors of the decomposed cost and benefit, which plays a decisive role in the calculation of the model and the determination of the assessment tools.
The specific research idea is to divide the text into six chapters following "theoretical research - model tool construction - Example Analysis - prospect". The first chapter is the introduction part, mainly introducing the status of research on the production efficiency of statistical data at home and abroad, and the second chapter, from the cost and benefit involved in the general integration of data production. On the basis of relevant concepts, according to the relevant standards and definitions at home and abroad, the structure and content of the cost and income in the process of statistical data production are defined, including the decomposition and analysis of the factors affecting the production cost and income of statistical data. The third, fourth chapter focuses on the evaluation and synthesis of the cost and income in the production process of statistical data. This income analysis theory and the statistical data production process, draw lessons from foreign related research to get the estimation tool of the cost and output benefit of the statistical data production. The fifth chapter, according to the tool of estimating the cost and output benefit established in the previous article, combined with the statistical data production system, summarizes the comprehensive evaluation framework of the cost and income. The operation of the evaluation framework for statistical data production efficiency in China is carried out, and the feasibility of the effectiveness analysis method is illustrated by the application examples abroad. In the last chapter, the results of the effectiveness research in the statistical data production in China and the possible difficulties and solutions are discussed, and the direction for further research can be discussed in the future.
The statistical agencies of European and American countries have successfully applied the cost and benefit methods to the statistical work and are gradually expanding in the scope of statistics. However, our country has not yet used the precedent of the cost-benefit analysis in the statistical work. At present, the research on the efficiency of statistical data has just started, especially in the current related research. The angle of view is often concentrated on the cost side, and the comprehensive research on the two aspects of the cost and benefit is very scarce, and it needs to be more thorough and more detailed. Therefore, there is a big gap between China and the application of international statistical efficiency. It is necessary to carry out the Research on the efficiency of statistical data production in the process of concrete data production in China. There is a distance. However, the application of this research in other countries provides reference and reference for the application of statistical data production effectiveness evaluation in our country. At the same time, to avoid the curve of the research on the efficiency of statistical data in our country as far as possible, and to further integrate with the International Statistical Research and the efficiency of our country's statistical data production. The cost benefit analysis framework is improved and corresponding suggestions are given.
This article hopes to further enrich the content of our country's statistical data quality management system through the research on the efficiency of data production. By introducing the concept of relative quality of statistical data to further improve the total quality management of statistical data in our country, and to improve the efficiency of statistical data production in order to obtain the optimal balance between statistical cost and income. If it is said, the quality factors such as accuracy, timeliness and availability are the final evaluation of the data from the beneficiaries, which can be understood as "absolute quality", then the concept of "relative quality" proposed by the cost-benefit perspective. Under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, this is the concept of "relative quality". First, the concept of more effective performance will be more instructive in practical application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C829.2;F224

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