本文選題：結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型 + 模糊層次分析法�。� 參考：《浙江財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：學(xué)術(shù)界以幸福感為主要內(nèi)容的研究比較多,隨著研究的不斷深入,逐漸呈現(xiàn)出居民幸福感研究與經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)、心理學(xué)、管理學(xué)與統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)等相關(guān)內(nèi)容研究相融合的趨勢,居民幸福研究在研究內(nèi)容與研究方法上都取得了大量的研究成果。本文首先介紹幸福感研究相關(guān)理論和實(shí)證研究方法,遵循從微觀到宏觀的思路,設(shè)計(jì)出鑒別力良好且信效度均佳的幸福感調(diào)查問卷,來對杭州城鄉(xiāng)居民幸福感進(jìn)行調(diào)查。然后利用問卷調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)對杭州城鄉(xiāng)居民幸福感進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究,其目的主要在于研究居民幸福感的影響因素和測度居民幸福指數(shù),具體內(nèi)容分為三部分:其一,通過結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型擬合數(shù)據(jù)的結(jié)果來探究幸福感影響因素之間的關(guān)系;其二,構(gòu)建指標(biāo)體系來測度杭州城鄉(xiāng)居民幸福指數(shù);其三,探究人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)變量與居民幸福指數(shù)之間的關(guān)系。最后根據(jù)研究結(jié)論提出政策建議以提高杭州城鄉(xiāng)居民幸福感。通過實(shí)證研究杭州城鄉(xiāng)居民幸福感,得到以下結(jié)論:第一,在居民幸福感影響因子之間的直接效應(yīng)中,宏觀環(huán)境因子的改善對政府監(jiān)管效應(yīng)的影響最大,其次是親情友情因子對身心健康因子的影響。在幸福感影響因子與其相應(yīng)的觀測指標(biāo)之間,政府效率對宏觀環(huán)境因子的影響最大,收入公平對政府監(jiān)管因子的影響最大,家人關(guān)系對親情友情因子的影響最大,居住環(huán)境對生活環(huán)境因子的影響最大;第二,采用指標(biāo)等權(quán)和不等權(quán)的方法得到杭州城鄉(xiāng)居民幸福指數(shù)分別為69.14和68.99,鑒于兩種方法差距不大,選用等權(quán)測度結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析。在等權(quán)測度中,親情友情因子指數(shù)最高,是促使杭州城鄉(xiāng)居民幸福指數(shù)中等偏上的重要原因。政府監(jiān)管因子指數(shù)最低,在政府監(jiān)管因子對應(yīng)的單項(xiàng)指標(biāo)中,房價(jià)調(diào)控指數(shù)(52.07)最低。通過對居民的幸福預(yù)期進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,其結(jié)果表明杭州城鄉(xiāng)居民具有幸福信心。第三,城鎮(zhèn)居民幸福指數(shù)高于農(nóng)村居民,戶籍會(huì)顯著影響居民幸福感;26-40歲群體的幸福指數(shù)高于其它年齡階段的群體,40-55歲以下群體的幸福指數(shù)偏低,幸福指數(shù)最低的年齡階段是55歲以上;本科學(xué)歷群體的幸福指數(shù)高于其它文化程度的群體,其幸福指數(shù)集中在60-70的范圍內(nèi);幸福指數(shù)最高的職業(yè)是教師,下崗人員的幸福指數(shù)低于其它職業(yè)群體;在一定的收入范圍內(nèi),居民幸福指數(shù)隨著月收入的增加有上升的趨勢;已婚群體的幸福指數(shù)高于其它婚姻狀況的群體,離異或喪偶群體的幸福指數(shù)最低;居民幸福指數(shù)與社會(huì)階層呈現(xiàn)出正相關(guān)關(guān)系。根據(jù)結(jié)論提出下述政策建議:第一,宣傳環(huán)保知識(shí),落實(shí)環(huán)境保護(hù)措施,倡導(dǎo)居民共同維護(hù)良好的周邊環(huán)境。政府應(yīng)積極帶動(dòng)居民開展相應(yīng)的環(huán)保活動(dòng),提高居民進(jìn)行環(huán)保的積極性,加強(qiáng)環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)和環(huán)保技術(shù)的研發(fā),促進(jìn)綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,構(gòu)建循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式。第二,為居民提供實(shí)時(shí)的就業(yè)信息,積極引導(dǎo)有勞動(dòng)能力的居民正常就業(yè),提高社會(huì)就業(yè)保障。完善居民失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)制度,促進(jìn)下崗人員和殘疾人員就業(yè)。就業(yè)問題直接關(guān)系著居民的經(jīng)濟(jì)來源和基本的物質(zhì)生活,切實(shí)解決就業(yè)問題是居民獲得幸福感的基礎(chǔ)。第三,有效控制房價(jià)和物價(jià)的不合理上漲,調(diào)節(jié)房價(jià)與居民收入不協(xié)調(diào)的矛盾,提高居民的生活水平。健全有關(guān)市場價(jià)格的立法,完善市場價(jià)格的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)和預(yù)警系統(tǒng),防止商品定價(jià)的不合理。合理調(diào)整城市居民住房供應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu),為困難群體提供較多的廉租房和經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房,減少經(jīng)濟(jì)困難群體對住房問題的擔(dān)憂。第四,關(guān)注社會(huì)弱勢群體,注重增加社會(huì)底層群體的幸福感。農(nóng)民、農(nóng)民工和失業(yè)人員是人數(shù)最多的弱勢群體,落實(shí)對這些群體的社會(huì)保障有利于整體提高杭州城鄉(xiāng)居民的幸福感。健全農(nóng)民醫(yī)療保障制度和生活保障制度,切實(shí)解決農(nóng)民就醫(yī)問題。提供城市務(wù)工人員的社會(huì)保障,使其能夠享受與城市居民同樣的城市醫(yī)療保障和城市最低生活保障。
[Abstract]:There is a lot of research on happiness as the main content of the academic circle. With the deepening of the research, the trend of integration of the research of residents' happiness with economics, sociology, psychology, management and statistics has been gradually presented, and the study of residents' happiness has made a great deal of research results in the study of internal capacity and research methods. This paper first introduces the related theories and empirical research methods of the study of happiness, and follows from microcosmic to macro thinking, designs a happy sense questionnaire with good discriminability and good reliability and validity, and investigates the well-being of urban and rural residents in Hangzhou. Then, we use the questionnaire survey data to make an empirical study on the well-being of urban and rural residents in Hangzhou. The main reason is to study the influencing factors of the well-being of the residents and measure the happiness index of residents. The specific content is divided into three parts: first, the relationship between the factors of happiness is explored through the results of the structural equation model fitting the results of the data. Secondly, the index system is constructed to measure the happiness index of urban and rural residents in Hangzhou; thirdly, to explore the demographic statistics. The relationship between the variables and the residents' happiness index. Finally, according to the conclusion of the study, the policy suggestions are proposed to improve the well-being of urban and rural residents in Hangzhou. Through the empirical study of the well-being of urban and rural residents in Hangzhou, the following conclusions are obtained: first, the improvement of macro environmental factors in the direct effect of the factors affecting the well-being of residents, the effect of macro environmental factors on the government regulatory effect The influence of the relationship between friendship and friendship on physical and mental health factors is the next. Between the influence factor of happiness and its corresponding observation index, the effect of government efficiency on macro environmental factors is the greatest. Income equity has the greatest impact on the government regulatory factors. Family relations have the greatest impact on friendship factors, and the living environment is healthy. The influence of the living environment factor is the greatest. Second, the urban and rural residents' happiness index in Hangzhou is 69.14 and 68.99 respectively by means of the right and unequal rights. In view of the difference of the two methods, the result of the equal right measure is analyzed. In the equal right measure, the number of relatives and friendship factors is the highest, which makes the urban and rural residents of Hangzhou average happiness index medium. The most important reason is that the government regulatory factor index is the lowest, and the price regulation index (52.07) is the lowest among the government regulatory factors. The results show that the urban and rural residents in Hangzhou have happiness confidence. Third, the urban residents' happiness index is higher than that of rural residents, and the household registration will be significant. The happiness index of 26-40 year old group is higher than that of other age groups. The happiness index of the group under 40-55 years old is lower and the lowest level of the happiness index is over 55 years. The happiness index of the undergraduate education group is higher than that of the other groups, and its happiness index is within the range of 60-70; the happiness index is the most. Higher occupation is teachers, the happiness index of laid-off workers is lower than that of other occupational groups; in a certain income range, the happiness index of residents increases with the increase of monthly income; the happiness index of married group is higher than those of other marital status, the happiness index of divorced or widowed group is the lowest; the happiness index of residents and the social order are the lowest. According to the conclusion, the following policy suggestions are put forward: first, publicizing environmental protection knowledge, implementing environmental protection measures and advocating the common maintenance of the surrounding environment. The government should actively promote the residents to carry out the corresponding environmental protection activities, improve the residents' enthusiasm for environmental protection, and strengthen the construction of environmental infrastructure and environmental protection technology. Research and development to promote the development of green economy and build a circular economy development model. Second, provide real time employment information for residents, actively guide the normal employment of the residents with labor ability, improve the social employment guarantee, improve the unemployment insurance system for the residents, and promote the employment of the laid-off workers and the disabled people. The problem of employment is directly related to the residents. The economic source and the basic material life, effectively solving the employment problem is the basis for the residents to gain a sense of happiness. Third, to effectively control the unreasonable rise of prices and prices, to regulate the contradiction between house prices and residents' income, to improve the living standards of the residents, to improve the legislation on market prices, to improve the monitoring system and early warning of market prices. The system can prevent the unreasonable price of commodity, rationally adjust the housing supply structure of urban residents, provide more low rent housing and affordable housing for the difficult groups, reduce the concern of the economic difficult groups to the housing problem. Fourth, pay attention to the social disadvantaged groups and pay more attention to the happiness of the bottom of the social groups. Farmers, migrant workers and unemployed people are The largest number of vulnerable groups, the implementation of the social security of these groups is conducive to the overall improvement of the well-being of urban and rural residents in Hangzhou, improve the system of farmers' medical security and life security, effectively solve the problem of farmers' medical treatment, and provide social security for urban workers, so that they can enjoy the same urban medical security as urban residents. And the minimum living security of the city.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C912.6

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