本文選題：性別預算 + 發(fā)展過程�。� 參考：《河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：社會性別主流化首次提出是在1985年聯(lián)合國第三次世界婦女大會上,在1995年第四次世界婦女大會上通過的《行動綱領(lǐng)》中再次重申了“社會性別主流化”并被各國政府認同為促進社會性別平等的全球戰(zhàn)略,之后的許多國際文獻中頻繁出現(xiàn)“社會性別主流化”,成為世界人權(quán)和婦女解放運動中最熱門的話題之一。性別預算是實現(xiàn)社會性別主流化的有效工具之一。性別預算并不是將政府的資金在男女兩性之間進行平均分配,也不是要在預算中專門建立婦女預算,而是從性別的角度出發(fā)分析政府的財政收入和公共支出對男性和女性及男童和女童的不同影響,根據(jù)男女兩性的不同需要來配置社會資源,從而更好地實現(xiàn)人的發(fā)展和男女平等受益。 性別預算最早源于澳大利亞1984年提出的“婦女預算行動”,隨后世界其他國家也逐漸開展了性別預算行動。截至2007年,世界范圍內(nèi)已有73個國家或地區(qū)不同程度地開展了社會性別預算項目。①我國在新中國成立時就在法律上賦予了婦女與男子在各方面的平等權(quán)力,之后又頒布了許多法律來保障婦女的權(quán)益,但是我國最早提出性別預算是1995年在北京召開的第四次世界婦女大會形成的《行動綱領(lǐng)》中。2001年在第九屆全國政協(xié)四次會議上,時任全國婦聯(lián)副主席的劉海榮在發(fā)言中建議“在國家財政預算中建立專門的性別預算,以對因社會傳統(tǒng)、觀念意識、生育、政策失誤等造成的婦女發(fā)展損失進行補償,為促進婦女發(fā)展提供資金保證”。同時,我國1998年開始的公共財政框架建設中,大力推進了預算管理制度改革,十多年來取得了巨大成績,為我國實施性別預算提供了支持。 我國一些地區(qū)已經(jīng)自發(fā)地進行了性別預算的編制。2005年河北省張家口市婦聯(lián)在國際行動援助中國辦公室的支持下開展了國內(nèi)第一個性別預算試點,2009年河南省焦作市出臺文件要求編制性別預算,2010年浙江省溫嶺市也開始實施參與式預算,并將社會性別引入到參與式預算當中,對于推進我國性別預算的編制和實施具有重大的實踐價值。 通過編制性別預算,研究分析公共資源在男女兩性間的享有程度及達到效果,有利于優(yōu)化公共資源配置,提高公共資源使用效益,促進經(jīng)濟社會穩(wěn)定發(fā)展,推進和諧社會建設。 本研究的主要創(chuàng)新點：一是提出了我國財政公共化改革進程中實施性別預算的重大意義,對于性別預算的概念進行了解析。二是提出了我國實施性別預算的基本原則和基本框架,對性別預算的實施程序進行了可操作性描述。 雖然本文基于一些省市實踐提出了性別預算基本實施框架,但對于這一新生事物的發(fā)展壯大,還需要理論與實踐界共同努力。
[Abstract]:Gender mainstreaming was first proposed at the United Nations third World Conference on Women in 1985, Reaffirming once again "gender mainstreaming" in the platform for Action adopted at the fourth World Conference on Women in 1995 and endorsed by governments as a global strategy for gender equality, Since then, gender mainstreaming has frequently appeared in many international documents, and has become one of the hottest topics in the world movement of human rights and women's liberation. Gender budgeting is one of the effective tools for gender mainstreaming. Gender budgeting does not mean the equal distribution of government funds between men and women, nor does it specifically establish a women's budget in the budget. Rather, it analyzes the different impacts of government revenue and public expenditure on men and women and boys and girls from a gender perspective, and allocates social resources according to the different needs of men and women. In order to achieve better human development and gender equality benefits. Gender budgeting originated from Australia's Women's Budget Action in 1984, and then other countries in the world gradually launched gender Budget Action. As of 2007, 73 countries or regions around the world have carried out gender budgeting projects to varying extents. When the people's Republic of China was founded, China legally empowered women and men to equal rights in all aspects. After that, many laws were promulgated to protect the rights and interests of women. However, China first proposed that the gender budget was in the "platform for Action" formed by the fourth World Conference on Women, held in Beijing in 1995. At the fourth session of the Ninth National Committee of the Chinese people's political Consultative Conference in 2001, Liu Hairong, then vice president of the All-China Women's Federation, suggested in his speech that "a special gender budget should be set up in the state budget to compensate for the loss of women's development caused by social traditions, ideology, fertility, policy mistakes, etc." Financial guarantees for the promotion of women's development "... At the same time, in the construction of the public finance framework started in 1998, the reform of the budget management system has been vigorously promoted, and great achievements have been made in the past ten years, which has provided support for the implementation of gender budgeting in our country. In some regions of China, gender budgeting has been carried out spontaneously. In 2005, the Women's Federation of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, with the support of the China Office of International Action Assistance, launched the first pilot gender budget in China, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province in 2009. In 2010, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, began to implement a participatory budget. The introduction of gender into participatory budgeting is of great practical value in promoting the compilation and implementation of gender budgeting in China. By compiling gender budget and analyzing the enjoyment degree and effect of public resources between men and women, it is helpful to optimize the allocation of public resources, improve the efficiency of using public resources, promote the stable development of economy and society, and promote the construction of harmonious society. The main innovations of this study are as follows: first, the significance of implementing gender budgeting in the process of public finance reform in China is put forward, and the concept of gender budget is analyzed. The second is to put forward the basic principles and basic framework of implementing gender budget in our country, and to describe the implementation procedure of gender budget operationally. Although this paper puts forward the basic implementation framework of gender budgeting based on the practice of some provinces and cities, the development of this new thing needs the joint efforts of the theory and practice circles.
【學位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.68

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 呂曉敏;參與式性別預算的理論與實踐[D];浙江大學;2012年

，

本文編號：1839902