發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-26 17:38

  本文選題：城市化　切入點(diǎn)：城郊失地農(nóng)民　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,中國城市規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)充,城市建設(shè)不斷加強(qiáng),城市周圍農(nóng)村被納入城市規(guī)劃建設(shè)區(qū)中,由此造成了大量的失地農(nóng)民。失地農(nóng)民不僅失去了土地,而且也失去了原有的家園,他們被迫轉(zhuǎn)入城市。城市和鄉(xiāng)村是兩種類型不同的地域社會(huì)共同體,因而有著巨大差異。1958年中國實(shí)施的城鄉(xiāng)二元戶籍制度強(qiáng)化了這種差異。城鄉(xiāng)之間的巨大差異導(dǎo)致了失地農(nóng)民的城市適應(yīng)問題。失地農(nóng)民城市適應(yīng)問題不僅會(huì)影響失地農(nóng)民自身的生活和發(fā)展,而且還會(huì)影響城市化的快速推進(jìn)。因此,解決好失地農(nóng)民的城市適應(yīng)問題具有重大而深遠(yuǎn)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。失地農(nóng)民由農(nóng)村社區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)入城市社區(qū),轉(zhuǎn)化的不僅有身份和地域,而且還有角色。附著在角色上的生活方式,價(jià)值觀念,社會(huì)文化,社會(huì)關(guān)系等在失地后會(huì)隨著生活場(chǎng)景的轉(zhuǎn)化而轉(zhuǎn)化。這一轉(zhuǎn)化在當(dāng)前和今后一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的中國具有典型性,對(duì)這一轉(zhuǎn)化的研究有助于探索失地農(nóng)民這一群體在遭遇與原生活圖景不同的生活場(chǎng)景時(shí)所展現(xiàn)出來的群體心理和群體行為,以及影響群體心理和群體行為的有關(guān)因素。加強(qiáng)對(duì)失地農(nóng)民城市適應(yīng)的研究有助于完善和補(bǔ)充相關(guān)應(yīng)用社會(huì)學(xué)理論,因而具有重要的理論意義。 早在19世紀(jì)末,國外學(xué)者就開始對(duì)移民(國際和國內(nèi))的城市適應(yīng)展開研究。研究成果頗豐,但這些研究大多關(guān)注的是移民。國內(nèi)關(guān)于失地農(nóng)民城市適應(yīng)的研究,有兩個(gè)明顯的研究趨向,一個(gè)是農(nóng)民工的城市適應(yīng)問題,一個(gè)是失地農(nóng)民的城市適應(yīng)問題。在失地農(nóng)民城市適應(yīng)這一研究領(lǐng)域,優(yōu)秀的研究成果還不多見,并且還有一定的研究盲點(diǎn)。 前期通過文獻(xiàn)研究,確定了研究課題的主攻方向:城郊失地農(nóng)民的城市適應(yīng)問題;課題的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容:經(jīng)濟(jì)適應(yīng),社會(huì)適應(yīng),心理適應(yīng)和政策適應(yīng);影響這些層面適應(yīng)的主要因素;課題的調(diào)查區(qū)域:長安區(qū),臨潼區(qū)和閻良區(qū);編制了調(diào)查問卷和訪談提綱。后期,對(duì)調(diào)查搜集到的數(shù)據(jù)和資料進(jìn)行專業(yè)化的分析和探討,通過分析和探討得出: 第一、西安市城郊失地農(nóng)民在經(jīng)濟(jì)層面上有相當(dāng)一部分就業(yè)困難,平均月收入水平中等偏下,整體而言還不適應(yīng);在社會(huì)層面上交往主要集中在初級(jí)社會(huì)關(guān)系上,社會(huì)參與度較低,很少參與社區(qū)活動(dòng),整體而言也不適應(yīng);在心理層面上原城市居民缺乏應(yīng)有的信任度,對(duì)新社區(qū)認(rèn)同態(tài)度不明確,對(duì)自身身份認(rèn)同模糊,有相當(dāng)部分還認(rèn)同自己是農(nóng)村人;在政策層面上對(duì)政府安置政策評(píng)價(jià)不高,有相當(dāng)一部分人認(rèn)為政府政策沒有完全落實(shí),整體而言也存在不適應(yīng)。 第二、影響西安市城郊失地農(nóng)民城市適應(yīng)的因素有:社會(huì)客觀環(huán)境,政府政策,年齡,失地時(shí)間,文化水平,家庭人均月收入水平,社會(huì)參與程度等。 第三,年齡與總體適應(yīng)情況呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,失地時(shí)間,文化水平,家庭人均月收入水平和社會(huì)參與程度等與總體適應(yīng)情況呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the scale of Chinese cities has been continuously expanded, urban construction has been strengthened, and rural areas around cities have been incorporated into urban planning and construction areas, which has resulted in a large number of land-losing farmers, who have not only lost their land, but also lost their land. And they also lost their original homes, and they were forced to move to cities. Cities and villages are two different types of regional social communities. Therefore, there is a great difference. In 1958, the dual household registration system between urban and rural areas in China strengthened the difference. The huge difference between urban and rural areas led to the problem of urban adaptation of landless farmers. The problem of urban adaptation of land-lost farmers will not only affect the urban adaptation of land-lost farmers. The life and development of landless farmers, Therefore, it is of great and far-reaching practical significance to solve the problem of urban adaptation of land-lost farmers. The transformation of land-lost farmers from rural communities to urban communities not only has identity and region, And there are roles. The way of life, values, social culture and social relations attached to the role will change with the transformation of the life scene after the loss of land. This transformation is typical in China at present and in the future for a period of time. The research on this transformation is helpful to explore the group psychology and behavior of the landless farmers when they encounter different living scenes from the original life picture. Strengthening the study of urban adaptation of landless farmers is helpful to perfect and supplement the relevant applied sociological theory, so it is of great theoretical significance. As early as the end of the 19th century, foreign scholars began to study the urban adaptation of immigrants (both international and domestic). There are two obvious research trends, one is the urban adaptation of migrant workers, the other is the urban adaptation of landless farmers. And there are certain blind spots. In the early stage, through the literature research, the main research direction is determined: the urban adaptation of the peasants in the suburbs, the main contents of the research: economic adaptation, social adaptation, psychological adaptation and policy adaptation, the main contents of the research are as follows: economic adaptation, social adaptation, psychological adaptation and policy adaptation. The main factors affecting the adaptation to these levels; the investigation area of the subject: Changan District, Lintong District and Yan LiangDistrict; the questionnaire and interview outline were compiled. Later, the data and data collected from the investigation were analyzed and discussed professionally. Through analysis and discussion, it is concluded that:. First, at the economic level, the peasants who lost land in the suburbs of Xi'an have quite a few difficulties in finding employment. The average monthly income level is moderate, which is not suitable for the whole. At the social level, communication is mainly concentrated on the primary social relations. Social participation is low, rarely participate in community activities, the overall is not suitable; in the psychological level, the original urban residents lack the due trust, the attitude towards the new community identity is unclear, the identity of their own vague, Some of them also agree that they are rural people, and the evaluation of the government resettlement policy is not high at the policy level, while some people think that the government policy has not been fully implemented, and there is an overall lack of adaptation. Secondly, the factors influencing the adaptation of the land-lost farmers in the suburbs of Xi'an are: social objective environment, government policy, age, time of land loss, education level, average monthly income level of family, degree of social participation and so on. Third, age has a negative correlation with the overall adaptation, and the time of loss of land, the level of education, the average monthly income of the family and the degree of social participation are positively correlated with the overall adaptation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：C912.3

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