本文關(guān)鍵詞：清代歸綏道外來人口增加與城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展　出處：《山西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 歸綏道 移民 土地 商業(yè) 城鎮(zhèn)

【摘要】：歸綏道始設(shè)于乾隆六年,駐歸化城,屬山西省。歸綏道相當(dāng)于今內(nèi)蒙古包頭市、呼和浩特市及烏蘭察布市大部(除德化、商都外)、鄂爾多斯市東勝區(qū)、巴彥淖爾市臨河區(qū)和五原縣,包括今河套平原東套地區(qū)等絕大部分區(qū)域,面積約為44360平方公里。歸綏素有民諺“黃河百害,唯富一套”,“田上高,而且腴,雨雪常調(diào),無荒歉之年,更兼土潔泉甘,誠佳壤�！鼻宄鮾�(nèi)地人民為了生存,不顧禁令的懲罰,越過長城,在塞外草場以及土默川地區(qū)開墾土地。清朝中葉后,清政府開始“借地養(yǎng)民”的名義,進(jìn)行“貽谷放墾”和“移民實(shí)邊”,并逐步解除蒙禁。縱觀清朝執(zhí)政者對于歸綏地區(qū)外來人口問題總體上持比較寬松的態(tài)度。因此,歸綏地區(qū)由于擁有的得天獨(dú)厚的豐沃土地資源和良好農(nóng)耕水利條件,以及不可忽視的主觀原因社會(huì)資源優(yōu)勢,明朝時(shí)期便吸引了一部分漢人進(jìn)入歸綏地區(qū)租地耕種。清朝大一統(tǒng)后,隨著放墾政策的逐步開放,一大批人口由于災(zāi)荒等原因遷徙至歸綏道地區(qū)定居,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致這一地區(qū)人口急劇增加、耕地面積隨之?dāng)U大、糧食產(chǎn)量也有了大幅提升,從而改變了歸綏道地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式和生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu),也改變了原有的生態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了農(nóng)牧交替。清代歸綏道商業(yè)的發(fā)展也離不開外來人口的作用,特別是山西商人。土默特地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展是歸化城后期商業(yè)貿(mào)易發(fā)展的基本要素。糧食產(chǎn)量剩余的出現(xiàn)和商業(yè)的繁榮為歸綏道城鎮(zhèn)的出現(xiàn)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。本文主要立足于內(nèi)蒙介紹歸綏道外來人口增長與城鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,并對城鎮(zhèn)數(shù)量以及城鎮(zhèn)分布以及功能進(jìn)行粗淺的研究。
[Abstract]:Gui Sui Road was established in Qianlong six years ago and is located in the city of Naturalization, Shanxi Province. Gui Sui Road is equivalent to most of Baotou City, Hohhot City and Wulanchabu City (except Dehua, Shangdu, Dongsheng District, Ordos City). Bayannur City Linhe District and Wuyuan County, including the East Hetao Plain area and most of the area, an area of about 44360 square kilometers. Gui Sui has a popular saying, "Yellow River, only one set of rich," "Tian Shanggao." And plump, the rain and snow often tune, the year of no famine, but also soil Jiequan Gan, good earth. "in the early Qing Dynasty, the mainland people in order to survive, regardless of the punishment of the ban, over the Great Wall." After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government began to "raise the people by land" in the name of "Yi Gu" and "emigrate the real border". And gradually lifted the ban. Throughout the Qing Dynasty rulers of the Gui Suiyuan region on the general issue of foreign population held a relatively loose attitude. Guisui area because of the unique land resources and good farmland and water conservancy conditions, as well as subjective reasons can not be ignored the advantages of social resources. After the unification of the Qing Dynasty, with the gradual opening of the reclamation policy, a large number of people migrated to Gui Suidao area for settlement due to famine and other reasons. As a result, the population in this area increased sharply, the area of cultivated land expanded, and the grain production increased significantly, which changed the agricultural production mode and production structure in Guusui Road area. It also changed the original ecological structure and finally realized the alternation of agriculture and animal husbandry. The commercial development of Guisui Road in the Qing Dynasty could not be separated from the role of the foreign population. Especially Shanxi merchants. The development of agricultural economy in Tumert area is the basic factor of commercial trade development in the later period of Naturalization City. The appearance of surplus grain production and the prosperity of commerce have laid the foundation for the emergence of Gui Suidao Town. Mainly based on the introduction of Inner Mongolia Gui Sui Road foreign population growth and the development of cities and towns. The quantity, distribution and function of cities and towns are studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F299.29;C924.2

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

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本文編號：1405784