【摘要】：“交往”是馬克思思想的核心點之一。作為一種共時性理論資源，它在不同的話語中都得到反映，體現(xiàn)著人與社會的結(jié)構(gòu)、組織方式�！敖煌笔邱R克思在他所處的環(huán)境下，考察早期資本主義社會的基本出發(fā)點，也是他批判資本主義現(xiàn)實社會關(guān)系的思想前提，更是他構(gòu)建未來共產(chǎn)主義理想社會的規(guī)范性價值基礎(chǔ)，這三點共同構(gòu)成了理解馬克思傳播思想的重要環(huán)節(jié)。受教科書影響，國內(nèi)曾一度認(rèn)為馬克思不存在交往思想；作為馬克思解讀社會歷史的三個基本概念：經(jīng)濟因素、階級分析和交往，以往的研究成果主要在前兩者，而交往思想的研究明顯不夠。 本研究以馬克思交往思想為研究對象，以文本解讀與語境還原相結(jié)合為基本路徑，對馬克思交往思想形成、演變軌跡進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的歷史梳理，概括了其在不同時期下的異質(zhì)變化，歸納了交往思想中以人、社會關(guān)系為主體的內(nèi)涵和實踐性的特征。論文的結(jié)構(gòu)突破了傳統(tǒng)的研究模式，以歷史事件和思想文本的雙重維度，實現(xiàn)從微觀文本分析向宏觀思想把握、從表象的社會觀察向深層的透視、從對事實的描述向意義的闡發(fā)�！吧鐣莻�人交往活動的產(chǎn)物和結(jié)果，是人與人之間在一定的歷史條件下形成的社會關(guān)系”（馬克思語），在傳播學(xué)視域下，充分體現(xiàn)了其原有和應(yīng)有的思想價值和現(xiàn)實意義。 本研究主要關(guān)注兩個層面的問題：其一，馬克思交往思想的歷史生成和演進(jìn)過程；其二，馬克思的交往思想是一種發(fā)展的、生命力極旺盛、永不過時的思想體系，是傳播學(xué)發(fā)展的思想動力。全文分為8部分。第一部分是對交往形態(tài)和早期交往哲學(xué)的歷史考察；第二部分是馬克思交往思想的初探索階段，即交往從哲學(xué)走向社會；第三部分是探討交往的理論基點：“現(xiàn)實的人”的社會關(guān)系；第四部分是剖析資本邏輯如何構(gòu)成不平等的社會交往；第五部分是“大歷史觀”視野下，交往是社會發(fā)展的內(nèi)在機制；第六部分是介紹西方馬克思主義者對交往思想的傳承；第七部分討論交往是傳播學(xué)的奠基性思想。這也是本文重要觀點的呈現(xiàn)：人、社會關(guān)系是交往思想的內(nèi)涵，實踐性是其特征；交往是傳播學(xué)發(fā)展的思想動力。第八部分是重新評價交往思想在馬克思思想體系的地位、對傳播學(xué)的影響以及其面臨媒介新語境的變化。 基于歷史事實的基礎(chǔ)上完成對馬克思交往思想的歷史考察，本文認(rèn)為，馬克思交往思想不單純是一個理論問題，也不是對西方哲學(xué)思想的簡單傳承，而是承載著馬克思理想與現(xiàn)實、事實與價值等多重因素的復(fù)雜歷史過程；本文認(rèn)為，作為馬克思解讀社會歷史的基本概念，交往體現(xiàn)的是人與社會的結(jié)構(gòu)和組織方式，是馬克思考察早期資本主義社會的基本出發(fā)點，也是他批評資本主義現(xiàn)實社會關(guān)系的思想前提，更是他構(gòu)建未來共產(chǎn)主義理想社會的價值基礎(chǔ)；本文認(rèn)為，西方馬克思主義確實傳承了馬克思的交往思想，并將其引入到傳播學(xué)領(lǐng)域，但卻因過分強調(diào)“物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)”，忽視了“人”，尤其是忽視了對人的現(xiàn)實境遇的關(guān)切，這與馬克思交往思想的根本主旨不相符合；本文還認(rèn)為，作為人的社會生存方式，，交往是歷史地發(fā)生和發(fā)展著，是隨著社會物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)的不斷揚棄并不斷改變著自己的形式，在反作用于物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)的過程中制約著人的生存狀態(tài)和發(fā)展趨勢。交往思想是關(guān)于人的社會活動的思想，是人類社會發(fā)展中一條最基本的規(guī)律，至今仍然具有思想意義和實踐價值，對傳播學(xué)科的發(fā)展，尤其如此，它促成傳播學(xué)兩大核心問題回歸（“人的境遇”和“基于社會關(guān)系下的媒介角色定位”），為傳播研究新范式提供理論來源和思想依據(jù)，并展開傳播學(xué)內(nèi)傳統(tǒng)話語體系外的省視。 交往思想不僅使得傳播學(xué)具有了“更為廣闊”的研究視角，還使得傳播思想本身變得日益成熟化、豐富化。
[Abstract]:"Communication" is one of the core points of Marx's thought. As a synchronic theoretical resource, it is reflected in different discourses, reflecting the structure of man and society, and the way of organization. The ideological premise of social relations is the normative value basis for him to construct the future communist ideal society. These three points together constitute an important link in understanding Marx's communication thought. Economic factors, class analysis and communication, the previous research results are mainly in the first two, and communication thinking research is obviously insufficient.
This research takes Marx's communicative thought as the research object, combines text interpretation with context restoration as the basic path, combs the formation and evolution of Marx's communicative thought in detail, summarizes its heterogeneous changes in different periods, and sums up the connotation and practicality of human and social relations as the main body of communicative thought. The structure of the paper breaks through the traditional research mode, and realizes the dual dimension of historical events and ideological texts from micro-text analysis to macro-ideological grasp, from the social observation of representation to the deep perspective, from the description of facts to the interpretation of meaning. The social relationship formed under certain historical conditions (Marxist) fully embodies its original and due ideological value and practical significance from the perspective of communication.
This study focuses on two aspects: first, the historical generation and evolution of Marx's communicative thought; second, Marx's communicative thought is a kind of developing, vigorous and outdated ideological system, which is the ideological impetus for the development of communication. The full text is divided into eight parts. The first part is about the communicative form and early friendship. The second part is the initial exploration stage of Marx's communicative thought, that is, communicating from philosophy to society; the third part is to explore the theoretical basis of communicative: the social relationship of "real people"; the fourth part is to analyze how capital logic constitutes unequal social intercourse; the fifth part is "grand historical view" From the perspective of communication, communication is the inherent mechanism of social development; the sixth part introduces the inheritance of communicative ideas by Western Marxists; the seventh part discusses that communication is the foundational thought of communication. The eighth part is to reevaluate the position of communicative thought in Marx's ideological system, its influence on communication and the changes it faces in the new context of media.
On the basis of historical facts, this paper concludes that Marx's communicative thought is not merely a theoretical issue, nor a simple inheritance of Western philosophical ideas, but a complex historical process which bears many factors such as Marx's ideal and reality, facts and values. For Marx to interpret the basic concept of social history, communication embodies the structure and organization of man and society, is the basic starting point of Marx's investigation of early capitalist society, is also the ideological premise of his criticism of capitalist realistic social relations, is also the value basis of his construction of the future communist ideal society. Western Marxism has indeed inherited Marx's communicative thought and introduced it into the field of communication, but it has overlooked "man" because of its over-emphasis on "material production" and neglected "man", especially the concern for the real situation of man, which is inconsistent with the fundamental tenet of Marx's communicative thought; this paper also believes that social life as a human being. The mode of existence and communication are historical occurrences and developments. They are constantly sublating and discarding the social material production and changing their own forms, which restrict people's living state and development trend in the process of reacting to the material production. Law is still of ideological significance and practical value to the development of communication science, especially, it contributes to the return of the two core issues of communication science ("human circumstances" and "media role positioning based on social relations"), provides theoretical sources and ideological basis for the new paradigm of communication research, and develops the traditional discourse system in communication science. Outside the province.
Communication thought not only makes communication study have a "broader" perspective, but also makes communication thought itself become increasingly mature and rich.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：A811;G206

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