本文選題：斯特勞森 + 識別��； 參考：《西南大學》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：本文立論于這一嶄新視角：基于識別問題重審斯特勞森的主體哲學思想,并提煉出內(nèi)嵌于斯特勞森哲學思想中的識別理論。這種研究既為在各個核心主題背景下推進對其識別問題的研究提供了豐富的理論支撐,又為深化研究其哲學的各個相關(guān)主題開辟了一條新的進路。本文的立論基于以下原因： 通過對其著述的研究我們發(fā)現(xiàn)：第一、盡管他的各個核心主題并非直接探討識別問題,卻與該問題有著密切關(guān)聯(lián)。解答“識別的實現(xiàn)”的必要條件離不開各核心主題的論證和支持,而要完整把握各核心主題及其相互關(guān)系,又必須將其置于“識別的實現(xiàn)”這一分析框架中。第二,通過研究解答“識別的實現(xiàn)”的各相關(guān)主題,能清晰呈現(xiàn)其哲學思想的演進過程,該過程符合他在《分析的形而上學》中關(guān)于哲學總體構(gòu)想和哲學分析方法的闡釋。由此我們認為,識別理論完整而自成一體地內(nèi)嵌于他的整體性哲學中。其一在于他涉及到識別問題的多個方面：指稱與識別的關(guān)系、識別的本體論依據(jù)、認識框架和方法論等；其二在于識別理論并非孤立于他的描述的形而上學及先驗論證的方法體系外,而是與之緊密結(jié)合,為他后期總結(jié)性提出哲學的分析方法和整體構(gòu)想提供了堅實的理論基礎(chǔ)�？傊�,識別理論貫穿于他的邏輯學、本體論與認識論之中,與它們?nèi)诤铣梢粋�縱橫交織的縝密系統(tǒng),是其學術(shù)思想的重要組成部分。本文擬從以下部分展開研究： 第1章探討識別理論的形成基礎(chǔ)。他與羅素和奎因的論爭為識別概念的形成提供了直接的鋪墊,其中已提出了殊相識別的部分觀點并包含了后來思想的萌芽。本章首先考察了他在對摹狀詞理論和單稱詞項可消除論的批評中正面樹立的識別指稱觀以及將識別指稱作為單稱詞項本質(zhì)規(guī)定性的觀點,接下來探討了《個體》中的識別概念,從“聽者—說者”這一識別的基本模式出發(fā)提煉出識別的幾種情況并對各自適用范圍進行了分析。 第2章探討識別的本體論依據(jù)。本章圍繞“識別的基礎(chǔ)性”與“本體論的優(yōu)先性”的關(guān)聯(lián)展開。第1節(jié)從他對邏輯主項與存在的關(guān)系的論述入手探討其本體論的基本立場。第2節(jié)探討他對奎因本體論化約綱領(lǐng)的批評,這為正面闡發(fā)本體論的等級論提供了直接鋪墊。第3節(jié)考察本體論等級論這一特色理論,剖析了“賦予基本殊相以本體論優(yōu)先性”這一關(guān)鍵命題的內(nèi)涵,重點分析了他通過對語法標準與范疇標準的比較以揭示主謂區(qū)分背后的“本體論優(yōu)先性”的思路。第4節(jié)通過對他與奎因本體論思想的系統(tǒng)比較,深入揭示其本體論的特征和獨特意義。 第3章探討識別的認識框架,該框架與概念圖式的構(gòu)想有關(guān)。本章首先通過與康德“圖式”的比較分析了這一概念圖式的性質(zhì)和特征,接下來圍繞“時空系統(tǒng)與作為經(jīng)驗實在的基本殊相對于反映該概念圖式具有怎樣的關(guān)聯(lián)性”的問題,探討了作為概念圖式之基本構(gòu)架的時空系統(tǒng)的特征,以及他確立物質(zhì)物體為基本殊對于識別活動的意義,并從“經(jīng)驗的可能性條件”的先驗意義上分析了人對其它殊相的“不同卻相關(guān)方式”的識別支持作用。本章最終揭示了他確立物質(zhì)物體和人為基本殊相的目的,即將殊相放入現(xiàn)有的時空系統(tǒng)中以揭示思想的概念圖式,整個識別活動正是圍繞著對概念圖式的說明這一基本任務而展開。 第4章探討識別的方法論特征。旨在通過對識別理論中所運用的先驗論證的特征、有效性和目標定位的考察,審視其先驗論證關(guān)于識別活動之價值。第1節(jié)參照康德的策略考察了他有關(guān)經(jīng)驗的討論與概念圖式中基礎(chǔ)概念之間的本質(zhì)關(guān)聯(lián)。第2節(jié)在考察關(guān)于識別的可能性的先驗論證的形式特征的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了其論證應對懷疑論的有效性,并賦予適度先驗論證的內(nèi)在辯護策略下的解讀。第3節(jié)考察他對先驗論證的深化,即對康德先驗演繹的重構(gòu)的“經(jīng)驗的客觀性論證”,說明其論證的實質(zhì)仍是對康德式方法路徑的延續(xù)。第4節(jié)考察他的先驗論證的價值目標,聯(lián)系于對信念確定性的分析,從自然主義觀點中為其論證尋找支撐。 第5章總結(jié)評價識別理論對于當代哲學的新貢獻。我們通過前幾章的研究的支撐,并結(jié)合他在《分析與形而上學》中對形而上學、分析方法及哲學整體圖景的闡釋,從三個方面歸納了他的貢獻。 第6章基于以上研究對其哲學思想作出了拓展性思考：第一,從形而上學的“描述性”與“修正性”之關(guān)系、“語言理論的現(xiàn)實轉(zhuǎn)向”的合理性以及識別活動的解釋途徑三個方面對識別理論的局限性進行了思考；第二,在知識論框架下將其思想解讀為特殊的“先驗建構(gòu)型”的基礎(chǔ)主義；第三,從拓撲學視角探析了其哲學觀和方法論的啟示。 本文的創(chuàng)新工作可概括為：1.主題上：通過綜合思考,將識別理論作為內(nèi)嵌于斯特勞森哲學中的一個系統(tǒng)整體而非局限于《個體》中對識別的直接探討,從不同論著中提取出“識別的實現(xiàn)”作為統(tǒng)攝其主體哲學思想的基礎(chǔ)問題。2.思路上：擬定了深入挖掘該問題的框架性思路,從形成基礎(chǔ)、本體論依據(jù)、認識框架、方法論以及對當代哲學的影響等方面進行系統(tǒng)探討,揭示出識別理論的內(nèi)在發(fā)展理路,展現(xiàn)各核心主題的相互關(guān)系,并通過該思路彰顯他的哲學整體圖像。3.研究方法上：結(jié)合各核心主題,將他與奎因、康德的思想進行系統(tǒng)比較,比較中揭示其理論的思想淵源、特征和獨特意義。4.歸納和解析上：(1)將其把握客觀經(jīng)驗知識的方式解析為適度先驗論證的內(nèi)在辯護策略；(2)基于信念確定性的“普遍印證觀”重審其先驗論證的價值目標；(3)結(jié)合語言現(xiàn)象學,以及心理或認知科學的相關(guān)觀點,對比研究中揭示其理論的局限性；(4)將其思想定位為“先驗建構(gòu)型”的基礎(chǔ)主義；(5)從對其哲學思想的特征與拓撲學基本思想的內(nèi)在相似性的分析中,歸納出從這種“拓撲學”風格的哲學研究中所得的方法啟示。
[Abstract]:This paper makes a new view of this new perspective: Based on the recognition of the subject of Lawson's main philosophical thought, and refining the theory of recognition embedded in the philosophy of Lawson, which not only provides a rich theoretical support for the study of the problem of recognition in the background of various core themes, but also to deepen the study of its philosophy. All the related topics have opened up a new path.
Through the study of his writings, we find that, first, although his core topics are not directly related to the problem of recognition, they are closely related to the problem. The necessary conditions for solving the "realization of recognition" are inseparable from the argument and support of the core themes, and the need to fully grasp the core themes and their relationships must be set up. In the analysis framework of "realization of recognition". Second, through the study of the relevant themes of "realization of recognition", the evolution process of his philosophical thought can be clearly presented. The process conforms to his interpretation of the overall philosophy and philosophical analysis in the metaphysics of the analysis. One is that he is embedded in his holistic philosophy. One is that he is involved in many aspects of identification: the relationship between reference and recognition, the ontological basis of recognition, the understanding of the framework and methodology, and the other is that the theory of recognition is not isolated from the metaphysics and the method system of transcendental argument in his description. It provides a solid theoretical basis for his late concluding analysis and overall conception of philosophy. In a word, the theory of recognition runs through his logic, ontology and epistemology, and is an important part of his academic thinking. This article is intended to be carried out from the following parts. Research:
The first chapter discusses the basis of the formation of the theory of recognition. His argument with Russell and Quin provides a direct paving for the formation of the concept of recognition. To identify the concept of referential and to identify the identity of the name as the essential requirement of the single term term, then the concept of identification in the individual is discussed. Several cases of recognition are extracted from the basic pattern of the "listener speaker", and the scope of their application is analyzed.
The second chapter discusses the ontological basis of recognition. This chapter focuses on the relationship between "the fundamental of recognition" and "the priority of ontology". The first section discusses the basic position of his ontology starting with his discussion on the relationship between the logical main item and the existence. The second section discusses his criticism of the ontological programme of Quin's ontology, which is a positive analysis of ontology. The theory of hierarchy provides direct paving. The third section examines the theory of ontological hierarchy, analyzes the connotation of the key proposition of "giving priority to the basic disparity in ontology", and focuses on the idea that he reveals the "ontological priority" behind the distinction between the subject and predicate by comparing the grammatical standards and the category standards. Fourth Through the systematic comparison of his ontological thoughts with Quin, this chapter reveals the characteristics and unique significance of ontology.
The third chapter discusses the cognitive framework of recognition, which is related to the conception of conceptual schema. This chapter first compares the nature and characteristics of the conceptual schema by comparing Kant's schema to the "relationship between the space-time system and the basic disparity as a reflection of the conceptual schema". This paper discusses the characteristics of the space-time system as the basic framework of the conceptual schema, and the significance of his establishment of material objects as the basic difference in recognition activities, and analyzes the recognition of the "different but related ways" of others from the transcendental meaning of "the possibility condition of experience". The purpose of the basic disparity between material objects and human beings is to put into the existing space-time system to reveal the conceptual schema of the thought, and the whole activity of recognition is centered around the basic task of the description of the conceptual schema.
The fourth chapter discusses the methodological features of recognition. The purpose of this study is to examine the value of its transcendental argumentation on the value of recognition through the investigation of the characteristics, effectiveness and target orientation of the transcendental argumentation used in the theory of recognition. The first section, referring to Kant's strategy, examines the essential association between the discussion of his experience and the basic concepts in the conceptual schema. The second section, on the basis of examining the formal features of the transcendental argument about the possibility of recognition, analyzes the validity of his argument in dealing with the skepticism and the interpretation under the internal defense strategy of the appropriate prior argument. The third section examines his deepening of the transcendental argument, that is, the "empirical objectivity argument" on the reconstruction of Kant's transcendental deduction. It shows that the essence of his argument is still the continuation of the Kantian approach. The fourth section examines the value goal of his transcendental argument, the analysis of the certainty of belief, and the support for his argument from the naturalistic viewpoint.
The fifth chapter summarizes the new contribution of the theory of evaluation and recognition to contemporary philosophy. Through the support of the previous chapters, we combined his interpretation of metaphysics, analytical methods and the overall picture of Philosophy in the analysis and metaphysics of the previous chapters, and summed up his contributions from three aspects.
The sixth chapter, based on the above research, makes an expanse of thinking on his philosophical thought. First, it thinks about the limitation of the recognition theory from three aspects: the relationship between the metaphysics "descriptive" and "revise", the rationality of "the realistic turn of language theory" and the way of interpretation of recognition activities; second, in the framework of the knowledge theory. We will interpret it as a special "transcendental constructivist" fundamentalism. Third, from the perspective of topology, we will explore its philosophical and methodological implications.
The innovative work of this article can be summarized as follows: 1. themes: through comprehensive thinking, the theory of recognition is regarded as a system embedded in Lawson's philosophy, rather than the direct discussion of recognition in the "individual". From different works, the "realization of recognition" is extracted as the basic question of the main philosophical thought of the subject of Lawson. The framework of deep excavation of this problem is drawn up, from the basis of formation, ontology, framework, methodology and the influence of contemporary philosophy on the internal development of recognition theory, showing the interrelationship between the core themes and showing the overall image of his philosophy.3. through this idea. On the basis of the research method, it compares his thoughts with Quin and Kant in a systematic comparison with each core theme, and reveals its theoretical origin, characteristics and unique significance.4. induction and analysis: (1) the method of grasping the objective experience knowledge into the internal defense strategy of moderate Transcendentalism; (2) "based on the certainty of belief". The universal impression concept retried the value goal of its transcendental argument; (3) combining the linguistic phenomenology and the related views of psychological or cognitive science, the limitations of its theory were revealed in the comparative study; (4) its thought was defined as the basic doctrine of "transcendental constructivism"; (5) from the characteristics of its philosophical thought and the inner principles of topology. In the analysis of similarity, we sum up the inspiration from the philosophical research of "topology" style.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：B81-06

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 徐向東;先驗論證與懷疑論[J];北京大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2005年02期

2 李國山;;分析哲學與形而上學[J];貴州社會科學;2009年11期

3 張明波;冉興國;;康德先驗邏輯在哲學史上的意義[J];廣西社會科學;2007年01期

4 許春玲,趙華鵬;康德的“先驗圖式說”解析[J];河南科技大學學報(社會科學版);2003年04期

5 陳嘉明;康德哲學的基礎(chǔ)主義[J];南京大學學報(哲學.人文科學.社會科學版);2004年03期

6 陳杰;;語言:性質(zhì)和表征——以康德先驗哲學為進路的形而上學考察[J];外語學刊;2010年04期

7 江怡;;當代英美哲學實在論與反實在論語境中的他心問題[J];求是學刊;2006年01期

8 王源生;蒯因與羅素自然語言哲學觀的粗略考察[J];求索;2003年06期

9 陳嘉明;論作為西方知識論主流性觀念的基礎(chǔ)主義[J];文史哲;2004年04期

10 江怡;;分析哲學中的“分析”概念[J];云南大學學報(社會科學版);2006年02期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前2條

1 樓巍;維特根斯坦《論確定性》研究[D];浙江大學;2010年

2 王靜;基于先驗論證的戴維森綱領(lǐng)研究[D];中山大學;2005年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前2條

1 楊興杰;斯特勞森的摹狀詞理論研究[D];華東師范大學;2008年

2 荀明芳;斯特勞森真理意義觀探析[D];山西大學;2010年

，

本文編號：2110088