【摘要】：由于時(shí)間和空間的巨大跨度,"民粹主義"這一概念有著極其復(fù)雜的內(nèi)涵。對(duì)歷史上的民粹主義與當(dāng)代的民粹主義現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行比較研究,將有助于深入認(rèn)識(shí)并解釋這一政治現(xiàn)象。而歷史與現(xiàn)實(shí)的比較,往往必須經(jīng)歷一條特殊—普遍—特殊的發(fā)展途徑。以俄羅斯為例,其民粹主義研究的發(fā)展過(guò)程就依循了19世紀(jì)發(fā)生了俄國(guó)民粹派運(yùn)動(dòng)—俄國(guó)民粹派運(yùn)動(dòng)屬于民粹主義現(xiàn)象的一支—當(dāng)代俄羅斯存在民粹主義現(xiàn)象—對(duì)俄羅斯民粹主義現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行歷史比較這一邏輯。本文在分析俄羅斯的民粹主義現(xiàn)象時(shí)將依據(jù)上述邏輯,從民粹主義訴求公平的主體、公平的具體內(nèi)涵以及達(dá)到公平的途徑三要素入手,分別對(duì)19世紀(jì)俄國(guó)的民粹派思想家與當(dāng)代俄羅斯政治領(lǐng)袖普京思想中的核心內(nèi)容進(jìn)行研究,并對(duì)二者之間的異同進(jìn)行比較。本文發(fā)現(xiàn),二者都面臨俄羅斯悠久的專(zhuān)制主義傳統(tǒng)和西方民主制度在社會(huì)政治改革領(lǐng)域失效的雙重阻礙,但同時(shí)又在客觀(guān)條件、主導(dǎo)者和影響三方面存在巨大差異。當(dāng)代俄羅斯的政治領(lǐng)袖很有可能在部分繼承了俄國(guó)的民粹派運(yùn)動(dòng)傳統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,在與之不同的層次和領(lǐng)域發(fā)展出新的形式。
[Abstract]:Because of the huge span of time and space, the concept of populism has an extremely complex connotation. A comparative study of the historical populism and the contemporary populism will help to deeply understand and explain this political phenomenon. The comparison between history and reality often has to go through a special, universal and special way of development. Take Russia as an example. The development process of his populism research follows the 19th century when the Russian populist movement, which belongs to the populist phenomenon, belongs to the populist phenomenon in contemporary Russia. The logic of historical comparison of semantic phenomena. In this paper, according to the above logic, this paper will start with the main body of populism's demand for fairness, the concrete connotation of fairness and the ways to achieve fairness, according to the above logic. This paper studies the core contents of the thoughts of Russian populist thinkers and contemporary Russian political leader Putin in the 19th century, and compares the similarities and differences between them. This paper finds that both of them face the dual obstacles of the long tradition of authoritarianism in Russia and the failure of western democratic system in the field of social and political reform, but at the same time, there are great differences in objective conditions, dominance and influence. The political leaders of contemporary Russia are likely to develop new forms at different levels and fields on the basis of partly inheriting the tradition of the populist movement in Russia.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)政府管理學(xué)院;
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D751.2

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1 龐彬彬;特朗普2016總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選中的民粹主義表現(xiàn)[D];北京第二外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院;2017年

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本文編號(hào)：2488201