發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-12 05:25

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：韓國(guó)地方自治制度的基本原理及最新發(fā)展　出處：《長(zhǎng)春理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版)》2016年02期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 韓國(guó) 地方自治制度 基本原理和內(nèi)容

【摘要】：韓國(guó)雖然是單一制國(guó)家,但建國(guó)之初就排除了所有權(quán)力都集中到中央的中央集權(quán)國(guó)家治理模式,而是采用了西方慣用的地方分權(quán)體制,即地方自治制度。從地方行使自治權(quán)這個(gè)視角而言,韓國(guó)的中央并非凌駕于地方自治體,兩者處于對(duì)等關(guān)系,而非是行政上的命令服從關(guān)系。但從國(guó)家統(tǒng)治的視角而言,地方自治體仍屬于國(guó)家的組成部分,必須接受中央的監(jiān)督,要遵守國(guó)家統(tǒng)一的行政處理基準(zhǔn)。韓國(guó)之所以確立這種地方分權(quán)模式,是基于實(shí)現(xiàn)草根民主主義理念與提高國(guó)家統(tǒng)治效率的考量。從制度設(shè)計(jì)而言,韓國(guó)憲法與地方自治法賦予地方自治體多個(gè)自治權(quán),包括地域自治權(quán)、人事自治權(quán)、組織自治權(quán)、財(cái)政自治權(quán)、規(guī)劃自治權(quán)、立法自治權(quán)等,而且,為了讓地方自治體能夠有效地自主處理自治事務(wù),設(shè)置了地方議會(huì)、地方行政長(zhǎng)官等機(jī)構(gòu)。另外,在地方自治制度運(yùn)行過(guò)程中特別注重居民的因素,積極導(dǎo)入了包括居民監(jiān)察、居民訴訟在內(nèi)的國(guó)家層面上難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的直接民主主義制度。
[Abstract]:Although Korea is a unitary state, it ruled out that all powers were centralized in the central government at the beginning of the founding of the country, but adopted the system of decentralization, which is used in the west. That is, the local autonomy system. From the perspective of the local exercise of autonomy, the central government of Korea is not superior to the local autonomy, the two are in a reciprocal relationship. But from the perspective of state rule, local self-government is still part of the state and must be supervised by the central government. Korea established this mode of decentralization based on the consideration of realizing the concept of grassroots democracy and improving the efficiency of national rule. From the point of view of system design. The Constitution and the Law of Local Autonomy of Korea give the local autonomous body multiple autonomy, including regional autonomy, personnel autonomy, organizational autonomy, fiscal autonomy, planning autonomy, legislative autonomy, and so on. In order to enable the local self-government to deal with autonomous affairs effectively, local councils, local administrators and other institutions have been set up. In addition, special attention has been paid to the factors of residents in the operation of the local self-government system. The direct democratic system, which is difficult to realize at the national level, including resident supervision and resident litigation, has been introduced actively.
【作者單位】： 延邊大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：吉林省教育廳重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D731.26
【正文快照】： 韓國(guó)雖然是單一制國(guó)家,而且是個(gè)領(lǐng)土面積只有10平方公里1的小國(guó),但建國(guó)之初就排除了所有權(quán)力都集中到中央的中央集權(quán)國(guó)家治理模式,而是采用了西方慣用的地方分權(quán)體制,即地方自治制度。韓國(guó)歷史上的第一部憲法——1948年的制憲憲法即已明確了這一制度框架。韓國(guó)制憲憲法第96條

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