本文選題：聯(lián)合國維和行動 + 成功因素��； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：對聯(lián)合國維和行動成功標(biāo)準與影響因素的分析是對維和行動本身研究具有重要意義的內(nèi)容。維和行動成功標(biāo)準該如何確定則存在仁者見仁、智者見智的爭議。誠然,對于一些維和行動,例如索馬里第二期維和行動,盧旺達援助團,已經(jīng)因為其造成的重大惡劣事件影響而公認為是失敗的維和行動,而馬其頓聯(lián)預(yù)部隊因為其達成了顯而易見的使命被公認為是成功的維和行動。因此,除了少數(shù)效果非常明顯的維和行動之外,絕大多數(shù)維和行動并不能夠簡單地劃分為成功或者失敗。由于每個維和行動的環(huán)境、使命都并不一樣,因此想要制定一個適用于所有維和行動的判定標(biāo)準是不合適且不切實際的。對維和行動是否成功的判定,雖然不同的既得利益者出于自身利益會作出不同的評判結(jié)論,但是針對維和行動本身而言,還是存在一些共同的要素,比如維和行動的目標(biāo)是保護平民,監(jiān)督�；�、防止沖突再度爆發(fā),實現(xiàn)和平進程,維和行動要遵循《聯(lián)合國憲章》和維和三原則,等等。探討影響聯(lián)合國維和行動的成功因素是一個較為復(fù)雜的課題,但是在聯(lián)合國機制框架內(nèi),我們認為,大國是維和行動成敗因素中最為關(guān)鍵的因素。因為在目前權(quán)力至上的全球體系中,在聯(lián)合國制度框架下依舊可以看到大國博弈的影子。不過,這樣的博弈受到了聯(lián)合國機制的約束,并不表現(xiàn)為直接對抗,而是體現(xiàn)在像維和行動這樣的聯(lián)合國工作的成功與否上。大國博弈影響著維和行動的成功達成,一般來說,其影響路徑主要有四個方面,一是大國干預(yù)對維和行動的主導(dǎo)權(quán),二是大國依賴使用強制性武力,三是大國熱衷濫用人道主義干預(yù)和保護責(zé)任,四是大國往往缺乏公平正確的政治意圖,其行動多以維護自身的戰(zhàn)略利益為根本出發(fā)點。因此,這就要求在聯(lián)合國維和行動中,大國作為權(quán)力的載體,不應(yīng)一味以權(quán)力換利益,而是應(yīng)該肩負起更大的責(zé)任,聯(lián)合國維和行動離不開各會員國,尤其是大國的支持。
[Abstract]:The analysis of the success criteria and influencing factors of United Nations peacekeeping operations is of great significance to the study of peacekeeping operations themselves. How to determine the success criteria of peacekeeping operations is controversial. It is true that for some peacekeeping operations, such as Somalia II, the Rwanda Assistance Mission has been recognized as a failed peacekeeping operation because of the impact of the major and egregious events it has caused, UNPREDEP was recognized as a successful peacekeeping operation for its obvious mission. Therefore, the vast majority of peacekeeping operations, with the exception of a few very visible ones, cannot be simply classified as successes or failures. Because the mission is different from each other, it is not appropriate and impractical to establish a criterion that can be applied to all peacekeeping operations. Although different vested interests may come to different conclusions as to the success of peacekeeping operations, there are still some common elements for peacekeeping operations themselves. For example, the objectives of peacekeeping operations are to protect civilians, to supervise ceasefire, to prevent the recurrence of conflicts, to realize the peace process, and to follow the Charter of the United Nations and the three principles of peacekeeping, and so on. It is a complex subject to explore the factors that influence the success of UN peacekeeping operations. However, within the framework of UN mechanism, we believe that the most critical factor in the success or failure of UN peacekeeping operations is the great power. Because in the current global system of the supremacy of power, under the framework of the United Nations system, we can still see the shadow of the great power game. However, such a game is constrained by the UN mechanism, not in direct confrontation, but in the success of UN work such as peacekeeping operations. Power game affects the successful achievement of peacekeeping operations. Generally speaking, there are four main ways of its influence, one is the dominant power of the great powers' intervention in peacekeeping operations, the other is the dependence of the great powers on the use of coercive force. Third, the big countries are keen to abuse the humanitarian intervention and the responsibility to protect, the fourth is that the big countries often lack fair and correct political intention, and their actions are based on safeguarding their own strategic interests as the basic starting point. Therefore, this requires that in UN peacekeeping operations, the great powers, as carriers of power, should not blindly exchange power for interests, but should shoulder greater responsibilities. United Nations peacekeeping operations cannot be separated from the support of member States, especially big countries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D813.2

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