【摘要】：流動人口隨著人口大規(guī)模的遷移和流動產(chǎn)生了,流動人口為繁榮社會經(jīng)濟、加速重組經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)均做出了重要貢獻(xiàn),同時對于市場經(jīng)濟條件下社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展與變革,流動人口也起到了相當(dāng)大的促進(jìn)作用,進(jìn)而我國社會在計劃經(jīng)濟條件下所形成的城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)也被規(guī)模越來越大的人口遷移所打破。就當(dāng)前的情況來看,流動人口參與到社區(qū)生活與工作的程度很低,難以在城鎮(zhèn)社區(qū)當(dāng)中快速的建立起自己的社會關(guān)系網(wǎng),自然對所在城鎮(zhèn)所在社區(qū)的歸屬感不高；而城鎮(zhèn)居民卻尚未全面認(rèn)識到流動人口在城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展過程中所做出的貢獻(xiàn)與犧牲,單純的想法是外地人口的增多搶了其就業(yè)機會,以及由于流動人口素質(zhì)參差不齊所帶來的治安、環(huán)境等方面的問題。綜合以上觀點,我們可以認(rèn)為部分城鎮(zhèn)居民對外來流動人口抱有不滿與排斥的情緒。 就社區(qū)而言,以整合現(xiàn)有的社區(qū)硬件條件、服務(wù)內(nèi)容、服務(wù)功能為基礎(chǔ),把流動人口納入到社區(qū)服務(wù)當(dāng)中去,增強社區(qū)的服務(wù)范圍,使城鎮(zhèn)居民和流動人口平等的享受社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展所帶來的福利,此應(yīng)成為創(chuàng)新流動人口管理體制的突破口。 之所以要創(chuàng)新與改革流動人口管理體制,既是社會經(jīng)濟進(jìn)步后的必然要求,同樣也是法律法規(guī)與目前社會條件發(fā)展趨勢、政經(jīng)體制相匹配、政府施政綱領(lǐng)從管理轉(zhuǎn)向服務(wù)的必然結(jié)果。從新中國成立以來,我國對于流動人口的管理在客觀與主管的共同作用下逐步的進(jìn)步與完善：從限制人口流動到允許人口流動；從盲目的限制人口流動,到逐步的采用科學(xué)辦法規(guī)劃和服務(wù),使流動人口不斷地朝規(guī)范化、有序化方向發(fā)展,最終實現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)勞動力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、一體化,及城鎮(zhèn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化就業(yè)的長期目標(biāo)。當(dāng)前,我國的流動人口與社會融合的工作仍處于較低的水平,也就是處于初級階段。盡管政府近些年來不斷重視流動人口的管理,也不斷加強流動人口與城鎮(zhèn)居民的共同管理、共同服務(wù),但礙于我國總體的治安管理體制、流動人口流動特點以及相關(guān)管理辦法的效率不足,我國流動人口與城鎮(zhèn)社會的融合仍然艱難與緩慢,所以,探討我國流動人口的管理與服務(wù),創(chuàng)新管理與服務(wù)的模式成為了時代所需。 流動人口管理體制發(fā)展緩慢并非單純管理體制的問題,更是相關(guān)人口管理與社會服務(wù)的問題。本文的研究著眼點從以前對流動人口的限制型管理,轉(zhuǎn)向服務(wù)型規(guī)劃,通過對我國流動人口管理的發(fā)展階段的探討,對目前流動人口所具備的特點,以及存在的難點及其根源進(jìn)行剖析總結(jié),以沈陽市皇姑區(qū)為考察對象,通過對當(dāng)前流動人口的問題及其成因進(jìn)行梳理與分析,探討與研究社區(qū)化管理在流動人口管理體制改革中的迫切性與必要性,同時探究社區(qū)化管理深層次的脈絡(luò)與方法,以完善政府職能,使流動人口更好更快的融入城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展浪潮中去,促進(jìn)社會經(jīng)濟的健康有序發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the large-scale migration and migration of the population, the floating population has made important contributions to the prosperity of the social economy and the acceleration of the restructuring of the economic structure. At the same time, the floating population has made important contributions to the development and transformation of the social economy under the market economy conditions. The floating population also played a significant role in promoting, and the urban-rural dual structure formed by the planned economy in our country was also broken by the increasing scale of population migration. From the current situation, the floating population participate in the community life and work is very low, it is difficult to quickly set up their own social network in the urban community, naturally the sense of belonging of the community is not high; However, the urban residents have not yet fully recognized the contributions and sacrifices made by the floating population in the process of urbanization. The simple idea is that the increase in the number of people in other areas has robbed them of employment opportunities. As well as the floating population due to the uneven quality of public order, environment and other problems. Combined with the above views, we can think that some urban residents have dissatisfaction and rejection of the floating population. As far as the community is concerned, on the basis of integrating existing community hardware conditions, service contents, and service functions, the floating population should be included in community services, so as to enhance the scope of community services. It is necessary to make the urban residents and floating population enjoy the welfare brought by the social and economic development on an equal basis, which should be a breakthrough in innovating the management system of the floating population. The reason why it is necessary to innovate and reform the management system of floating population is not only the inevitable requirement of social and economic progress, but also the matching of laws and regulations with the development trend of current social conditions and the political and economic system. The inevitable result of the government's policy agenda shifting from management to service. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the management of the floating population in our country has gradually progressed and improved under the common action of objective and supervisor: from restricting the population flow to allowing the population to move; From blindly restricting population mobility to gradually adopting scientific methods for planning and service, the floating population will continue to develop in the direction of standardization and ordering, and eventually realize the standardization and integration of urban and rural labor force. And the long-term goal of standardized employment in cities and towns. At present, the work of floating population and social integration is still at a low level, that is, at the primary stage. Although the government has been paying more attention to the management of the floating population in recent years, it has also continuously strengthened the common management and common services between the floating population and the urban residents. However, due to the overall security management system of our country, The characteristics of floating population and the efficiency of relevant management methods are insufficient, and the integration of floating population and urban society in China is still difficult and slow. Therefore, this paper discusses the management and service of floating population in China. The mode of innovation management and service has become the need of the times. The slow development of floating population management system is not only a problem of management system, but also a problem of population management and social service. The research focus of this paper is from the former limited management of the floating population to the service-oriented planning. Through the discussion of the development stage of the floating population management in China, the characteristics of the current floating population are discussed. Taking Huanggu District of Shenyang as the object of investigation, the problems of the current floating population and their causes are analyzed and analyzed. This paper probes into the urgency and necessity of community management in the reform of floating population management system, and probes into the context and methods of community management in order to perfect the functions of government. So that the floating population better and faster into the development of urbanization to promote the healthy and orderly development of social economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D631.42

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