鹽脅迫是影響作物生長及產(chǎn)量的主要脅迫因素之一。隨著全球氣候變暖,環(huán)境惡化,每年有大量土地鹽堿化,嚴重限制了糧食產(chǎn)量。水稻是世界主要糧食作物,苗期對鹽脅迫非常敏感,因此培育耐鹽品種是水稻主要育種方向之一。水稻耐鹽性是由大量QTL/基因控制的復雜數(shù)量性狀,遺傳機制復雜,利用遺傳基礎豐富的種質(zhì)資源及全基因組關聯(lián)分析技術,有助于高效挖掘其耐鹽性的遺傳學基礎。本研究在3000份水稻種質(zhì)資源測序項目基礎上,選取來自不同國家的426份種質(zhì)資源（62%秈稻資源,28%粳稻資源,1%Aus稻,1%香稻以及8%Admixture）為研究材料,結(jié)合2,820,594個SNP（single nucleotide polymorphism）標記（秈稻2,094,607個,粳稻1,449,167個）用于QTL/基因定位。研究調(diào)查分析了426份水稻種質(zhì)資源在鹽脅迫及對照條件下11個耐鹽相關形態(tài)、生理性狀特征及鹽脅迫下的適應性反應差異。11個性狀包括鹽處理下水稻苗存活指數(shù)（SSI）,苗高/根長（SL/RL）,地上部/根干重（SDW/RDW）,地上部/根部的鈉離子含量（SNC/RNC）,地上及根部的鉀離子含量（SKC/... 

【文章來源】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院北京市

【文章頁數(shù)】：95 頁

【學位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 BACKGROUND
    1.2 CHALLENGES: GLOBAL RICE PRODUCTION
    1.3 SALINITY EXTENT AND DISTRIBUTION
    1.4 RESPONSE OF PLANT UNDER SALINITY STRESS
    1.5 MECHANISM OF SALT TOLERANCE
    1.6 RICE RESPONSE TO SALINITY STRESS
        1.6.1 Shoot length and root length under salt stress
        1.6.2 Biomass under salt stress
    1.7 IMPLICATION OF MOLECULAR MARKER FOR GENETIC MAPPING
        1.7.1 Single nucleotide polymorphism
        1.7.2 Implementation of SNPs as marker
        1.7.3 Genome-wide association study （GWAS）
        1.7.4 Candidate gene approach
        1.7.5 Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis
    1.8 QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI （QTL）
    1.9 QTLS MAPPING FOR SALINITY TOLERANCE
    1.10 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
2 CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 PLANT MATERIALS
    2.2 EXPERIMENTAL SITE AND GROWING CONDITION
    2.3 PHENOTYPING OF SEEDLING
        2.3.1 Plant growth measurement
        2.3.2 Seedling survival Index （SSI）
+ and K⁺ concentration in shoot and root">        2.3.3 Measurement of Na⁺ and K⁺ concentration in shoot and root
        2.3.4 Measurement of salinity response index （SRI）
    2.4 GENOTYPING AND SNP IDENTIFICATION
    2.5 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
        2.5.1 Phenotypic data analysis
        2.5.2 Population genetic analysis
3 Chapter 3 RESULTS
    3.1 IDENTIFICATION OF ELITE GERMPLASMS THROUGH PHYSIOLOGICALCHARACTERIZATION AT SEEDLING STAGES
        3.1.1 Seedling survival index （SSI）
        3.1.2 Shoot length （cm）
        3.1.3 Root length （cm）
        3.1.4 Shoot dry weight （mg）
        3.1.5 Root dry weight （mg）
+ concentration (mg ml^-1) in shoot">        3.1.6 Na⁺ concentration (mg ml^-1) in shoot
+ concentration (mg ml^-1) in shoot">        3.1.7 K⁺ concentration (mg ml^-1) in shoot
+ concentration (mg ml^-1) in root">        3.1.8 Na⁺ concentration (mg ml^-1) in root
+ concentration (mg ml^-1) in root">        3.1.9 K⁺ concentration (mg ml^-1) in root
+/K⁺ ratio in shoot">        3.1.10 Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in shoot
+/K⁺ ratio in root">        3.1.11 Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in root
        3.1.12 Correlation analysis among traits in germplasm
        3.1.13 Performance of selected germplasm at salinity response index
    3.2 IDENTIFICATION OF QTLS ASSOCIATED WITH SALINITY TOLERANCE AT THE SEEDLINGSTAGE THROUGH GWAS
        3.2.1 QTLs for seedling survival index （SSI）
        3.2.2 QTLs for shoot length
        3.2.3 QTLs for root length
        3.2.4 QTLs for shoot dry weight
        3.2.5 QTLs for root dry weight
+ concentration of shoot">        3.2.6 QTLs for Na⁺ concentration of shoot
+ concentration of root">        3.2.7 QTLs for Na⁺ concentration of root
+ concentration of root">        3.2.8 QTLs for K⁺ concentration of root
+/ K⁺ concentration of shoot">        3.2.9 QTLs for Na⁺/ K⁺ concentration of shoot
        3.2.10 Identified QTL regions of QTLs in different traits
    3.3 IDENTIFICATION OF CANDIDATE GENES
        3.3.1 Candidate genes for QTL q SSI-7.1 and q SSI-7.2
        3.3.2 Candidate genes for q SLR-9
        3.3.3 Candidate genes for q RNCR-9.2 and q RNCR-11.1
        3.3.4 Candidate genes for q RKCR-3 and q RKCR-10.1
        3.3.5 Candidate genes for q SNKR-10.2
4 Chapter 4 DISCUSSION
    4.1 PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AT SEEDLING STAGE
    4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF QTL USING GWAS
    4.3 CANDIDATE GENE IDENTIFICATION USING HAPLOTYPE ANALYSIS
5 Chapter 5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
References
APPENDICES
Acknowledgement
Resume


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]水稻功能基因組育種數(shù)據(jù)庫（RFGB）:3K水稻SNP與InDel子數(shù)據(jù)庫[J]. 鄭天清,余泓,張洪亮,吳志超,王文生,太帥帥,遲璐,阮玨,韋朝春,石建新,高用明,傅彬英,周永力,趙秀琴,張帆,McNally Kenneth L.,李自超,張耕耘,李家洋,張大兵,徐建龍,黎志康.  科學通報. 2015(04)
[2]The OsDHODH1 Gene is Involved in Salt and Drought Tolerance in Rice[J]. Wen-Ying Liu,Mei-Mei Wang,Ji Huang,Hai-Juan Tang,Hong-Xia Lan and Hong-Sheng Zhang(State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,College of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China).  Journal of Integrative Plant Biology. 2009(09)
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