【摘要】：棉花是新疆和兵團(tuán)的主要農(nóng)作物,及時(shí)有效地提供棉花蟲害監(jiān)測(cè)信息服務(wù)非常必要。傳統(tǒng)人工管理費(fèi)時(shí)耗力,統(tǒng)計(jì)困難;遙感監(jiān)測(cè)受過境時(shí)間影響時(shí)效性差,且需地面驗(yàn)證支持。移動(dòng)GIS技術(shù)可為蟲害管理提供數(shù)據(jù)快速獲取、實(shí)時(shí)傳輸、統(tǒng)一存儲(chǔ)、空間分析到服務(wù)發(fā)布整個(gè)流程的有效解決方案。本文在使用智能移動(dòng)終端實(shí)現(xiàn)棉田蟲害空間及屬性信息的快速獲取基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)探討蟲害信息統(tǒng)一封裝存儲(chǔ),GIS空間分析方法與服務(wù)發(fā)布,系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)建方法,從而解決棉田蟲害信息主動(dòng)服務(wù)的動(dòng)態(tài)配置、組裝、聚合、優(yōu)化、推送關(guān)鍵理論和技術(shù)問題。通過搭建統(tǒng)一的信息服務(wù)平臺(tái),向農(nóng)戶和基層農(nóng)技人員及時(shí)推送相關(guān)預(yù)警防治信息。取得的主要研究成果如下:(1)收集整理研究區(qū)近12年的歷史蟲害數(shù)據(jù)、氣象數(shù)據(jù),近3年的蟲害現(xiàn)勢(shì)數(shù)據(jù)以及研究區(qū)遙感影像、基礎(chǔ)地理、土地利用、基本農(nóng)田和22個(gè)單位的農(nóng)戶及植保人員等數(shù)據(jù)。遵循棉花蟲害分級(jí)分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),運(yùn)用移動(dòng)GIS、GPS、離線地圖加載、圖形繪制等技術(shù),基于移動(dòng)終端實(shí)現(xiàn)了蟲害發(fā)生位置及屬性信息的快速采集,通過JSON模式統(tǒng)一封裝存儲(chǔ)至?xí)r空數(shù)據(jù)庫。建立團(tuán)級(jí)蟲情數(shù)據(jù)采集及入庫標(biāo)準(zhǔn),實(shí)現(xiàn)空間數(shù)據(jù)與屬性數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)一存儲(chǔ)與管理。(2)針對(duì)蟲情空間數(shù)據(jù),使用反距離插值方法獲取蟲害發(fā)生等級(jí)柵格圖,進(jìn)而對(duì)柵格數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行裁剪、重分類、矢量化和空間鏈接處理,得到每個(gè)條田塊的蟲害發(fā)生等級(jí),在此基礎(chǔ)上通過熱點(diǎn)分析得到棉花蟲害發(fā)生的熱點(diǎn)區(qū)域。利用交叉分析方法獲取棉花蟲害發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的區(qū)域,研究空間分析算法及服務(wù)模型,設(shè)計(jì)、發(fā)布相應(yīng)的蟲情服務(wù)。(3)在My Eclipse 10開發(fā)環(huán)境下,基于ArcGIS Server服務(wù)發(fā)布、ArcGIS JavaScript API等關(guān)鍵技術(shù),利用Web AppBuilder框架構(gòu)建團(tuán)場(chǎng)棉花蟲害信息監(jiān)測(cè)服務(wù)平臺(tái),集成GIS空間分析、空間查詢、統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,設(shè)計(jì)蟲害信息服務(wù)產(chǎn)品的生成與表現(xiàn)方式,建立蟲害采集、處理、分析、發(fā)布整個(gè)流程。該系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)及時(shí)獲取和共享棉花蟲害信息以便農(nóng)技人員采取防治措施,使用移動(dòng)終端實(shí)現(xiàn)蟲害信息實(shí)時(shí)采集,從采集到存儲(chǔ)可在5s內(nèi)完成。基于GIS空間分析建立棉花蟲害監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)測(cè)模型,一方面將專題圖作為服務(wù)發(fā)布,便于用戶在PC端通過瀏覽器或者手機(jī)端App進(jìn)行瀏覽;另一方面,將蟲害信息專題圖與包含農(nóng)戶信息的棉田地塊地圖進(jìn)行交叉分析,篩選出為害嚴(yán)重的區(qū)域,通過JPush平臺(tái)向用戶進(jìn)行精確推送。
[Abstract]:Cotton is the main crop in Xinjiang and Bingtuan. It is necessary to provide cotton pest monitoring information service in time and effectively. The traditional manual management fee is time-consuming and difficult to count, and the remote sensing monitoring is affected by the transit time and needs the ground verification support. Mobile GIS technology can provide an effective solution for pest management, such as fast data acquisition, real-time transmission, unified storage, spatial analysis and service release. On the basis of using intelligent mobile terminal to realize the fast acquisition of pest space and attribute information in cotton field, this paper mainly discusses the unified encapsulation and storage of pest information, the method of GIS spatial analysis and service release, the design and construction method of system platform. In order to solve the dynamic configuration, assembly, aggregation, optimization and push key theoretical and technical problems of cotton field pest information active service. By setting up a unified information service platform, we can push the early warning and prevention information to farmers and grass-roots agricultural technicians in time. The main research results obtained are as follows: (1) collecting and collating the historical pest data, meteorological data, pest potential data and remote sensing images, basic geography, land use of the study area for the past 12 years. Basic farmland and 22 units of farmers and plant protection personnel and other data. Following the classification standard of cotton pest classification and using mobile GIS,GPS, off-line map loading and drawing techniques, the fast collection of pest location and attribute information is realized based on mobile terminal. It is stored in spatiotemporal database through JSON mode. Set up the standard of collecting and entering the data of group-level insects, and realize the unified storage and management of spatial data and attribute data. (2) in view of the spatial data of insects, the inverse distance interpolation method is used to obtain the raster map of pest occurrence grade. Then the raster data is clipped, reclassified, vectorized and spatial linked, and the pest occurrence grade of each field block is obtained. On this basis, the hot spot region of cotton pest occurrence is obtained through hot spot analysis. The cross analysis method is used to obtain the area where cotton pests occur seriously, the spatial analysis algorithm and service model are studied, and the corresponding insect information services are designed and published. (3) under the My Eclipse 10 development environment, based on ArcGIS Server services, the spatial analysis algorithm and service model are studied. ArcGIS JavaScript API and other key technologies, using Web AppBuilder framework to build cotton pest information monitoring service platform, integrate GIS spatial analysis, spatial query, statistical analysis, design the production and expression of pest information service products, establish pest collection. Process, analyze and release the whole process. The system platform acquires and shares cotton pest information in time so that agricultural technicians can take preventive measures and use mobile terminal to realize the real-time collection of insect pest information, which can be completed in 5 seconds from acquisition to storage. Based on the spatial analysis of GIS, the cotton pest monitoring and forecasting model is established. On the one hand, the thematic map is published as a service, which is convenient for users to browse through browser or App on the PC side. On the other hand, the pest information thematic map is cross-analyzed with the cotton plot map which contains the information of farmers, and the areas with serious damage are screened out and pushed accurately to the users through the JPush platform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP274;S435.62

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