本文選題：鐵磁性構(gòu)件　切入點(diǎn)：脈沖漏磁　出處：《江南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：瞬態(tài)式漏磁檢測技術(shù)針對導(dǎo)磁構(gòu)件的電磁無損檢測有著重要的應(yīng)用前景,具有響應(yīng)速度快、檢測靈敏度高、易檢測和易評估等優(yōu)點(diǎn),對鐵磁性材料的探傷和評估有著重要的研究價(jià)值。本文以國內(nèi)外漏磁檢測技術(shù)的研究動(dòng)態(tài)為基礎(chǔ),采用有限元仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證相結(jié)合的研究方法,針對鐵磁性構(gòu)件的脈沖漏磁檢測技術(shù)中傳感器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、參數(shù)優(yōu)化、缺陷檢測、應(yīng)力評估等方面開展了系統(tǒng)且深入的研究,研究的主要內(nèi)容如下:首先,分析脈沖漏磁檢測技術(shù)的檢測機(jī)理�；陔姶艑W(xué)的理論基礎(chǔ),從磁感線的折射原理、漏磁場形成機(jī)理和漏磁檢測機(jī)理三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析,分析被測試件缺陷與電磁場之間的交互作用下漏磁場的大小和分布,根據(jù)響應(yīng)信號(hào)的結(jié)果對缺陷進(jìn)行特征值的提取以及對檢測對象進(jìn)行定量評估。其次,鐵磁性構(gòu)件脈沖漏磁檢測有限元仿真研究�；趯γ}沖漏磁檢測機(jī)理的分析,采用有限元仿真的方法對U型脈沖漏磁傳感器進(jìn)行建模,對U型傳感器進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),對比分析U型傳感器激勵(lì)方式、激勵(lì)線圈結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、傳感器提離高度以及U型磁軛結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的仿真結(jié)果,獲得了具有較高靈敏度的U型傳感器結(jié)構(gòu);仿真分析了不同深度的表面缺陷和下表面缺陷下U型探頭與試件之間的磁場分布,提出鐵磁性構(gòu)件表面缺陷存在漏磁,而下表面缺陷主要體現(xiàn)在脈沖磁阻的變化規(guī)律;為進(jìn)一步提高脈沖漏磁檢測缺陷時(shí)三個(gè)方向漏磁場分量的檢測靈敏度,基于脈沖漏磁和脈沖渦流的檢測原理,提出了脈沖聚磁檢測方法,仿真對比了脈沖漏磁和脈沖聚磁兩種方式的檢測精度,分析了新型檢測方法的可行性;對鐵磁性試件內(nèi)部電導(dǎo)率和磁導(dǎo)率的變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行仿真分析,提取可表征試件內(nèi)部電導(dǎo)率和磁導(dǎo)率變化的特征值,為脈沖漏磁檢測方式應(yīng)用于應(yīng)力檢測的定量評估提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。最后,鐵磁性構(gòu)件脈沖漏磁檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。為證明有限元仿真結(jié)果中總結(jié)得出的關(guān)于鐵磁性試件的脈沖漏磁檢測機(jī)理的準(zhǔn)確性和可靠性,設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的脈沖漏磁檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)并選取合適的響應(yīng)信號(hào)降噪濾波處理方式,實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了仿真結(jié)果中提出的脈沖漏磁與脈沖磁阻相融合的檢測方法的可行性,可用于實(shí)現(xiàn)鐵磁性構(gòu)件表面和下表面缺陷的檢測和評估;對脈沖聚磁檢測方法和脈沖漏磁檢測方法進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)對比分析,驗(yàn)證了新型脈沖聚磁檢測方法的可行性;實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了脈沖電磁響應(yīng)差分信號(hào)與鐵磁性試件所受拉伸應(yīng)力之間的變化關(guān)系,建立了脈沖漏磁檢測應(yīng)力的檢測機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:Transient magnetic flux leakage detection technology has an important application prospect for electromagnetic nondestructive testing of magnetic conductivity components. It has the advantages of fast response speed, high detection sensitivity, easy detection and easy evaluation, etc. It has important research value for flaw detection and evaluation of ferromagnetic materials. Based on the research trends of magnetic flux leakage detection technology at home and abroad, the research method of finite element simulation and experimental verification is adopted in this paper. The structure design, parameter optimization, defect detection and stress assessment of the sensor in the pulsed magnetic leakage detection technology of ferromagnetic components are studied systematically and deeply. The main contents of the research are as follows: firstly, Based on the theory of electromagnetism, the principle of magnetic inductance line refraction, the formation mechanism of magnetic field leakage and the mechanism of magnetic leakage detection are analyzed. The size and distribution of leakage magnetic field under the interaction between defect and electromagnetic field are analyzed, the characteristic value of defect is extracted according to the result of response signal, and the detection object is quantitatively evaluated. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of pulsed magnetic leakage detection, the finite element simulation method is used to model the U type pulsed magnetic leakage sensor and to optimize the design of the U type sensor. The simulation results of the excitation mode, the structure parameters of the excitation coil, the lift height of the sensor and the size of the U-type magnetic yoke structure are compared and analyzed, and the U-type sensor structure with high sensitivity is obtained. The magnetic field distribution between U-shaped probe and specimen under different depth surface defects and lower surface defects is analyzed. It is proposed that magnetic leakage exists on the surface defects of ferromagnetic components, while the lower surface defects are mainly reflected in the variation law of pulse magnetoresistance. In order to improve the detection sensitivity of magnetic flux leakage components in three directions when detecting defects with pulse magnetic flux leakage, based on the detection principle of pulse magnetic flux leakage and pulse eddy current, a method of pulse magnetic field accumulation detection is proposed. The accuracy of pulsed magnetic flux leakage and pulse magnetic accumulation is compared, and the feasibility of the new method is analyzed, and the variation of internal conductivity and permeability of ferromagnetic specimen is simulated and analyzed. The characteristic values which can characterize the change of internal conductivity and permeability of the specimen are extracted, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of pulsed magnetic flux leakage (PMST) in quantitative evaluation of stress measurement. Experimental study on Pulsed Magnetic leakage Detection of ferromagnetic components. In order to prove the accuracy and reliability of the mechanism of pulsed magnetic leakage testing for ferromagnetic specimens summarized in the finite element simulation results, The corresponding experimental system of pulse magnetic flux leakage detection is designed and the appropriate noise reduction filter processing method of response signal is selected. The feasibility of detecting method of pulse magnetic flux leakage and pulse magnetoresistive fusion proposed in the simulation results is verified by the experiment. It can be used to detect and evaluate the surface and lower surface defects of ferromagnetic components. The relationship between the difference signal of pulse electromagnetic response and the tensile stress of ferromagnetic specimen is verified and the detection mechanism of pulsed magnetic leakage detection stress is established.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM271;TP212

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