本文選題：腦電圖 + 納米材料�。� 參考：《天津理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著醫(yī)學(xué)、神經(jīng)科學(xué)、認(rèn)知心理學(xué)和人工智能等學(xué)科的深入發(fā)展,腦電圖作為一種獲取大腦信息的有效手段已應(yīng)用到醫(yī)學(xué)檢測(cè)、臨床診斷以及腦-機(jī)接口等諸多領(lǐng)域。腦電圖(Electroencephalogram,以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)EEG)可用于檢測(cè)癲癇、腦損傷、腦膜炎等一些疾病,還可實(shí)現(xiàn)腦機(jī)接口來(lái)控制輪椅、機(jī)器人、飛機(jī)等外部設(shè)備。EEG采集是腦電研究中的首要任務(wù),目前采集方式主要有濕電極、半干電極、有源干電極和干電極等。濕電極是目前腦電采集的主流方式,但存在諸多不足,如需要涂抹導(dǎo)電介質(zhì),操作過(guò)程復(fù)雜,舒適度差,測(cè)試環(huán)境受限等。本文針對(duì)濕電極的不足,設(shè)計(jì)制備了一種基于新型納米材料的半柔性腦電干電極—Ch/Au-TiO_2干電極(殼聚糖/金納米顆粒/二氧化鈦納米管干電極),其制備過(guò)程如下:在基底鈦片上采用多電位階躍技術(shù)電沉積金納米顆粒,通過(guò)陽(yáng)極處理技術(shù)制備出二氧化鈦納米管陣列,再次進(jìn)行金納米顆粒沉積,最后涂覆殼聚糖作為干電極與頭皮接觸媒介。該電極工作機(jī)理如下:殼聚糖在低濕度下仍有較強(qiáng)的吸附力保證干電極與頭皮的緊密接觸;金納米顆粒結(jié)合二氧化鈦納米管與頭皮之間實(shí)現(xiàn)高速的離子電流與電子電流轉(zhuǎn)換,從而降低了干電極與頭皮之間的接觸阻抗,達(dá)到EEG的采集標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文采用掃描電子顯微鏡,能譜,X射線(xiàn)衍射三種方法對(duì)Ch/Au-TiO_2干電極表征觀測(cè)分析,由分析結(jié)果可知:在鈦片上已長(zhǎng)出排列整齊的二氧化鈦納米管陣列,其外直徑小于80nm;在基底、二氧化鈦納米管的底部和表面均已沉積出大小不等的金顆粒;干電極表面已形成殼聚糖/金顆粒-二氧化鈦納米管/金納米顆粒-鈦多層薄膜結(jié)構(gòu)。本文在電解液和皮膚上對(duì)干電極的阻抗特性進(jìn)行了計(jì)算和評(píng)估,結(jié)果顯示Ch/Au-TiO_2干電極與皮膚之間的阻抗值在頻率2.15Hz時(shí)為169±33.0kΩ,在頻率100Hz時(shí)為67.4±8.9kΩ。通過(guò)對(duì)干濕電極EEG采集對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)得出:干濕電極在閉眼、睜眼狀態(tài)下采集到有發(fā)區(qū)的所有被試腦電信號(hào)波形平均線(xiàn)性相關(guān)度分別為88%和89%;對(duì)alpha波和SSVEP腦電范式下的干濕電極采集的EEG信號(hào)進(jìn)行頻域分析,達(dá)到相近的結(jié)果,均呈現(xiàn)出明顯的特征。綜上所述,本文所研究的干電極能夠達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)濕電極腦電采集效果,采集到的腦電信號(hào)穩(wěn)定,準(zhǔn)確,可靠。
[Abstract]:With the development of medicine, neuroscience, cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence, EEG has been applied to many fields such as medical detection, clinical diagnosis and brain-computer interface. Electroencephalogram electroencephalogrammetry (EEGG) can be used to detect epilepsy, brain injury, meningitis and other diseases, but also to realize brain-computer interface to control wheelchair, robot, aircraft and other external equipment. EEG acquisition is the primary task in EEG research. At present, there are mainly wet electrode, half dry electrode, active dry electrode and dry electrode. Wet electrode is the mainstream method of EEG acquisition at present, but there are many shortcomings, such as the need to smear conductive medium, the operation process is complex, the comfort degree is poor, the test environment is limited, and so on. This paper aims at the shortage of wet electrode. A semi-flexible EEG dry electrode, Chr / Au-TiO2 dry electrode (chitosan / gold nanoparticles / titanium dioxide nanotube dry electrode) was designed and fabricated based on a new nanometer material. The preparation process is as follows: using multiple potentials on the substrate titanium substrate Step Electrodeposition of Gold nanoparticles, Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays were prepared by anodic treatment, then gold nanoparticles were deposited again. Finally, chitosan was coated as the contact medium between dry electrode and scalp. The working mechanism of the electrode is as follows: chitosan still has a strong adsorption force to ensure the close contact between the dry electrode and the scalp under low humidity, and the gold nanoparticles combine with the titanium dioxide nanotube and the scalp to realize the high speed ion current and electron current conversion. Thus, the contact impedance between the dry electrode and scalp is reduced, and the standard of EEG is reached. The Ch/Au-TiO_2 dry electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDS). The results show that a well-arranged array of TiO2 nanotubes with an outer diameter of less than 80 nm has been grown on the titanium wafer. Gold particles of different sizes have been deposited on the bottom and surface of titanium dioxide nanotubes, and chitosan / gold particles, titanium dioxide nanotubes / gold nanoparticles and titanium multilayer films have been formed on the surface of dry electrode. The impedance characteristics of dry electrode were calculated and evaluated on electrolyte and skin. The results show that the impedance between Ch/Au-TiO_2 dry electrode and skin is 169 鹵33.0k 惟 at frequency 2.15Hz and 67.4 鹵8.9k 惟 at frequency 100Hz. Through the EEG collection and contrast experiment of the dry and wet electrode, it is concluded that the dry and wet electrode is closing the eyes, The average linear correlation was 88% and 89% for all EEG signals collected in the regions with eyes open, respectively. The frequency domain analysis of EEG signals collected by dry and wet electrodes in the alpha wave and SSVEP EEG paradigm showed that the results were similar. All showed obvious characteristics. To sum up, the dry electrode studied in this paper can achieve the standard wet electrode EEG acquisition effect, the collected EEG signal is stable, accurate and reliable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R741.044;TN911.6

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