【摘要】：對(duì)于湖庫(kù)區(qū)水環(huán)境狀況進(jìn)行合理的分析與評(píng)價(jià)進(jìn)而對(duì)其有效的治理對(duì)于保證社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展起到至關(guān)重要的作用。丹江口水庫(kù)作為南水北調(diào)中線工程的水源地，其水質(zhì)狀況達(dá)標(biāo)與否關(guān)系到輸水干線沿線居民的身體健康。本文選取丹江口水庫(kù)作為研究對(duì)象，利用目前被廣泛使用的環(huán)境流體動(dòng)力學(xué)模型EFDC，對(duì)丹江口水庫(kù)2012年水動(dòng)力及水質(zhì)情況進(jìn)行模擬，并依據(jù)模擬結(jié)果分析了其水動(dòng)力及水質(zhì)變化規(guī)律。 本文首先介紹了水環(huán)境模擬的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究情況以及水環(huán)境研究發(fā)展的新趨勢(shì)，，闡述了丹江口水庫(kù)的自然地理狀況和目前所存在的水環(huán)境問(wèn)題。之后針對(duì)本次模擬所采用的核心算法EFDC，對(duì)其算法原理和組成結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹。并根據(jù)其輸入輸出結(jié)構(gòu)建立了符合用戶使用習(xí)慣的前后處理程序，搭建起適于湖庫(kù)區(qū)的三維水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。建立了丹江口水庫(kù)的三維水動(dòng)力學(xué)及水質(zhì)模型。其中水位模擬情況較好，與實(shí)測(cè)值相比誤差僅為0.1%。對(duì)于水溫的模擬很好的把握了丹江口水庫(kù)水溫分層這一現(xiàn)象，這種現(xiàn)象在夏季表現(xiàn)最為明顯，秋季由于垂向摻混作用使得分層現(xiàn)象減弱，到了冬季水體完全混合，分層現(xiàn)象消失。根據(jù)流場(chǎng)分布圖表明丹江口水庫(kù)出現(xiàn)由于紊流作用而形成的渦旋，并且流速呈兩頭大，中間小的格局，上層水流速度受到風(fēng)速影響較大。 本文選用溶解氧、氨氮、總氮、總磷等常用指標(biāo)作為研究對(duì)象。模擬結(jié)果表明：溶解氧濃度受溫度影響較大，成明顯反比趨勢(shì)，夏季含量低冬季含量高，且同時(shí)存在分層現(xiàn)象，表層高于底層。氨氮也同樣具備季節(jié)性周期變化及分層現(xiàn)象。對(duì)于總氮來(lái)講影響其變化的因素主要是庫(kù)區(qū)藻類生長(zhǎng)及外源水體匯入。 最后利用多元回歸分析的方法分別對(duì)影響溶解氧和氨氮濃度的因素進(jìn)行計(jì)算，得出影響因素的大小排序，利用參數(shù)敏感度分析得出了影響氨氮濃度因素的參數(shù)。
[Abstract]:Reasonable analysis and evaluation of the water environment in the lake reservoir area and its effective management play an important role in ensuring the sustained, healthy and stable development of the social economy. Danjiangkou Reservoir, as the water source of the middle route of South-to-North Water transfer Project, whether its water quality is up to standard or not is related to the health of the residents along the main line of water transmission. In this paper, Danjiangkou Reservoir is selected as the research object, and the hydrodynamic and water quality of Danjiangkou Reservoir in 2012 are simulated by using the environmental hydrodynamic model EFDC, which is widely used at present, and the hydrodynamic force and water quality of Danjiangkou Reservoir are analyzed according to the simulation results. This paper first introduces the research situation of water environment simulation at home and abroad and the new trend of water environment research and development, and expounds the natural geographical situation of Danjiangkou Reservoir and the existing water environment problems at present. Then the principle and structure of the algorithm are introduced in detail according to the core algorithm EFDC, used in this simulation. According to its input and output structure, a pre-and post-processing program in accordance with the user's habits is established, and a three-dimensional water ecosystem suitable for the lake reservoir area is built. The three-dimensional hydrodynamics and water quality model of Danjiangkou Reservoir are established. The simulation of water level is better, and the error is only 0.1% compared with the measured value. The phenomenon of water temperature stratification in Danjiangkou Reservoir is well grasped by the simulation of water temperature, which is the most obvious in summer. Due to the vertical mixing in autumn, the stratification phenomenon is weakened, and the stratification phenomenon disappears when the water body is completely mixed in winter. According to the flow field distribution map, the vortex formed by turbulence occurs in Danjiangkou Reservoir, and the velocity is large at both ends and small in the middle, and the upper flow velocity is greatly affected by wind speed. In this paper, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and other common indicators are selected as the research object. The simulation results show that the dissolved oxygen concentration is greatly affected by temperature, and the content of dissolved oxygen is obviously inversely proportional. The content of dissolved oxygen is low in summer and high in winter, and there is stratification phenomenon at the same time, and the surface layer is higher than the bottom layer. Ammonia nitrogen also has seasonal periodic variation and stratification phenomenon. For total nitrogen, the main factors affecting the change are algae growth and exogenous water inflow in the reservoir area. Finally, the factors that affect the concentration of dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen are calculated by multiple regression analysis, and the order of the influencing factors is obtained, and the parameters of the factors affecting the concentration of ammonia nitrogen are obtained by parameter sensitivity analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV697.2;X143

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