【摘要】：砂礫石存在于第四世紀(jì)沉積物，是具有鮮明特征的松散碎屑堆積層。砂礫石地基是水利工程及其他工程建筑物的常用地基，它具有孔隙大、透水性強(qiáng)、承載力差等特點(diǎn)。按照成層特性、地貌地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)及強(qiáng)弱透水層的組合關(guān)系和空間變化，砂礫石地基課劃分為單一構(gòu)造和復(fù)雜構(gòu)造。 雖然目前已有很多關(guān)于滲透方面的的研究，但大多數(shù)局限于特定的試驗(yàn)材料，由于土體具有復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)性，不同的地區(qū)的材料具有獨(dú)特性，所以前人的研究不具有廣泛適用性。岳城水庫(kù)的壩基的砂礫石雖具有砂礫石層的共性，但也具有它的特性，本文針對(duì)岳城水庫(kù)的壩基出現(xiàn)的滲漏問題對(duì)岳城水庫(kù)壩基的砂礫石材料的滲透性做出了研究，并得出一些規(guī)律予供參考。 本文進(jìn)行了以下研究： （1）砂礫石地基的特性 通過前人的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)第四紀(jì)砂礫石所處的地里位置有所不同，其地質(zhì)發(fā)展史也不盡相同，，但它們都是外應(yīng)力和內(nèi)應(yīng)力相互作用制約的結(jié)果，產(chǎn)生于一定的地質(zhì)環(huán)境中，具有相應(yīng)的規(guī)律可以遵循。成因的多樣性和結(jié)構(gòu)的松散性是砂礫石地質(zhì)的主要特征。 砂礫石地基具有孔隙率大、不透水性弱的特性。由松散顆粒組成的砂礫石，粒間幾乎沒有聯(lián)結(jié)性，它的穩(wěn)定性關(guān)鍵靠顆粒間的嵌擠和摩擦來維持。 （2）進(jìn)行室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)，取得相關(guān)參數(shù)值 根據(jù)大量文獻(xiàn)，本試驗(yàn)確定的試驗(yàn)研究參數(shù)為孔隙率、不均勻系數(shù)和曲率系數(shù)。室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)分為試樣顆粒級(jí)配試驗(yàn)、孔隙率測(cè)定試驗(yàn)和滲透系數(shù)測(cè)定試驗(yàn)。前兩個(gè)試驗(yàn)主要目的是確定試驗(yàn)參數(shù)值，滲透系數(shù)試驗(yàn)采用常水頭法測(cè)不同級(jí)配下的滲透系數(shù)，從而可以研究參數(shù)值與滲透系數(shù)之間的關(guān)系。 （3）數(shù)據(jù)分析與處理 對(duì)得到的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行一元和多元回歸分析，通過分析細(xì)粒含量與滲透系數(shù)變化規(guī)律得到細(xì)粒含量小于40%時(shí)滲透系數(shù)隨細(xì)粒含量的增加而減小緩慢，細(xì)粒含量超過40%后，滲透系數(shù)因細(xì)粒含量的增加卻急劇減小；通過線性回歸分析得到滲透系數(shù)與孔隙率、不均勻系數(shù)呈線性相關(guān)；滲透系數(shù)與曲率系數(shù)呈三次相關(guān)。并得到更好的表達(dá)式來表征砂礫石地基滲透系數(shù)與孔隙特征的關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Gravel, which exists in the fourth century sediments, is a loose clastic accumulation layer with distinct characteristics. Gravel foundation is a common foundation of water conservancy projects and other engineering buildings. It has the characteristics of large pores, strong permeability, poor bearing capacity and so on. According to the characteristics of stratification, geomorphological geological structure, the combination relationship and spatial change of strong and weak permeable layer, the gravel foundation course is divided into single structure and complex structure. Although there have been a lot of research on infiltration, most of them are limited to specific experimental materials. Because of the complex structure of soil and the uniqueness of materials in different areas, previous studies are not widely applicable. Although the gravel of the dam foundation of Yuecheng Reservoir has the commonness of gravel layer, it also has its characteristics. In view of the leakage problem of the dam foundation of Yuecheng Reservoir, the permeability of gravel material of Yuecheng Reservoir Dam Foundation is studied in this paper. Some laws are obtained for reference. In this paper, the following studies have been carried out: (1) through previous studies, it is found that the location of Quaternary gravel is different, and its geological development history is not the same. However, they are the result of the interaction between external stress and internal stress, which are produced in a certain geological environment and can be followed by the corresponding laws. The diversity of genesis and the looseness of structure are the main characteristics of gravel geology. Gravel foundation has the characteristics of large porosity and weak impermeability. The gravel composed of loose particles has little connection between particles, and its stability is maintained by the extrusion and friction between particles. (2) the laboratory tests are carried out, and the related parameters are obtained according to a large number of literature. the experimental parameters determined in this experiment are porosity, inhomogeneity coefficient and curvature coefficient. The laboratory test is divided into sample particle gradation test, porosity test and permeability coefficient test. The main purpose of the first two tests is to determine the test parameters. In the permeability coefficient test, the constant head method is used to measure the permeability coefficient under different grades, so that the relationship between the parameter values and the permeability coefficient can be studied. (3) univariate and multiple regression analysis of the test data is carried out by data analysis and processing. By analyzing the variation of fine grain content and permeability coefficient, it is found that the permeability coefficient decreases slowly with the increase of fine grain content when the fine particle content is less than 40%. When the fine particle content exceeds 40%, the permeability coefficient decreases sharply with the increase of fine grain content. Through linear regression analysis, it is found that the permeability coefficient is linearly correlated with porosity and inhomogeneity coefficient, and the permeability coefficient is correlated with curvature coefficient three times. A better expression is obtained to characterize the relationship between permeability coefficient and pore characteristics of gravel foundation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV223.4

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