【摘要】：海洋潮流能是可再生能源的一個重要門類，對解決我國的能源危機和環(huán)境問題具有重要意義，因此潮流能開發(fā)技術的研究成為目前研究的熱點。海洋環(huán)境復雜多變，實際海洋環(huán)境中運行的水輪機的性能會受到各種因素的影響。為保證水輪機能夠安全穩(wěn)定高效的運行，必須對大型潮流能水輪機在復雜海洋環(huán)境中的水動力性能進行研究。借鑒于風力機技術的潮流能水輪機，實際運行中獲能系數(shù)偏低，葉片是水輪機組獲能的主要部件，因此葉片結構的優(yōu)化設計也就顯得尤為重要。 本文以50kW潮流能水平軸水輪機組發(fā)電裝置的研制為研究背景，首先介紹了水輪機葉片設計的基本理論，包括翼型理論、葉素—動量理論，應用Wilson設計方法對50kW潮流能水輪機進行葉片設計，建立葉片的三維模型。通過CFD方法，應用Fluent軟件對各種復雜工況下水輪機的水動力性能進行分析，找到各種復雜工況對水輪機性能的影響規(guī)律。 針對水輪機具體的運行環(huán)境，以提高水輪機獲能為目標，應用遺傳算法對葉片外形進行優(yōu)化設計。通過對比實際工況下水輪機的獲能，，得知優(yōu)化的葉片獲能較原葉片有明顯提高，基本滿足設計要求，證明應用遺傳算法進行葉片優(yōu)化的可行性。 應用有限元方法對優(yōu)化的葉片進行有限元分析，通過對葉片進行靜強度分析、模態(tài)響應分析和疲勞壽命分析，得知優(yōu)化的葉片滿足使用要求，確保水輪機組運行的穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:Ocean tidal current energy is an important category of renewable energy, and it is of great significance to solve the energy crisis and environmental problems in our country. Therefore, the research of tidal current energy development technology has become a hot topic at present. The marine environment is complex and changeable, and the performance of hydraulic turbines in actual marine environment will be affected by various factors. In order to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the turbine, the hydrodynamic performance of the large tidal turbine in the complex marine environment must be studied. The tidal turbine, which is used for reference in wind turbine technology, has a low coefficient of energy acquisition in actual operation, and the blade is the main component of the turbine. Therefore, the optimal design of the blade structure is particularly important. In this paper, the basic theory of turbine blade design, including airfoil theory, blade element-momentum theory, is introduced based on the research background of 50kW power flow horizontal shaft turbine generator. The Wilson design method was used to design the blade of 50kW tidal turbine, and the three-dimensional model of the blade was established. By means of CFD method, the hydrodynamic performance of hydraulic turbine under various complicated operating conditions is analyzed by using Fluent software, and the influence of various complicated working conditions on the performance of hydraulic turbine is found out. Aiming at the specific operating environment of hydraulic turbine and in order to improve the turbine capacity, genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the design of blade shape. The results show that the optimal blade capacity is obviously higher than that of the original blade, which basically meets the design requirements. The feasibility of using genetic algorithm to optimize the blade is proved. The finite element method is used to analyze the optimized blade. Through the static strength analysis, modal response analysis and fatigue life analysis of the blade, it is found that the optimized blade meets the service requirements and ensures the operation stability of the turbine unit.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TK730

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