水電站地下洞室群通風(fēng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)鍵部位的流動阻力特性研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-12-18 12:31
【摘要】:上世紀末以來,水電站建設(shè)在中國蓬勃發(fā)展,我國建成的三峽水電站、小灣水電站、龍灘水電站、水布埡水電站,以及在建的白鶴灘水電站,,都在不同方面居世界第一。近年來地下水電站的建設(shè)尤為突出。盡管如此,水電站廠房內(nèi)熱濕環(huán)境調(diào)控理論與技術(shù)應(yīng)用卻相對滯后,當(dāng)前巨型地下電站暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方法存在著很多局限性。其中對關(guān)鍵通道的氣流運動特性和阻力特性參數(shù)取值不準確,造成設(shè)備選型與實際需求不匹配,是地下水電站暖通空調(diào)技術(shù)局限性的主要體現(xiàn)之一。廠房通風(fēng)作為水電站建設(shè)的重要環(huán)節(jié),其直接影響各洞室的熱環(huán)境狀況和氣流組織效果。因此,我們有必要對其關(guān)鍵通道的氣流流動阻力特性參數(shù)的取值進行研究,這樣才能準確進行設(shè)備選型,避免熱濕環(huán)境失調(diào)和能源浪費。本文是國家自然科學(xué)基金資助面上項目(51178482)“深埋地下水電站熱濕環(huán)境形成機理與節(jié)能調(diào)控”的研究內(nèi)容之一。 本文首先以BHT水電站為例,通過分析其地下洞室群通風(fēng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的空氣流程,找出了水電站地下洞室群通風(fēng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵通道,分別是進排風(fēng)通道、夾墻風(fēng)道(預(yù)埋風(fēng)管)、主變室、母線洞。然后采用相似模型試驗的方法對BHT水電站進風(fēng)道的9個關(guān)鍵部位進行了實驗研究,得出了彎頭、三通、四通(兩進兩出)構(gòu)件形式的局部阻力系數(shù),各種形式下局部阻力系數(shù)ζ的變化情況,以及若干個三通、四通形式的局部阻力系數(shù)ζ與流量比Q2:Q3(四通流量比是Q3:Q4)之間的擬合關(guān)系。 本文接著用CFD數(shù)值模擬的方法對模型實驗中的某個關(guān)鍵通道進行了流動特性研究,通過與實驗結(jié)果對比分析,驗證了CFD數(shù)值模擬方法對于研究水電站地下洞室群關(guān)鍵部位的通風(fēng)氣流流動特性的可行性和可靠性。而后采用CFD數(shù)值模擬的方法針對其他類型的關(guān)鍵部位進行了流動阻力特性的研究。①用數(shù)值模擬方法得到了若干個典型尺寸的夾墻風(fēng)道預(yù)埋風(fēng)管中兩個轉(zhuǎn)彎的局部阻力系數(shù),并分析了預(yù)埋風(fēng)管中的壓力分布和速度分布。②由于時間關(guān)系,只對BHT水電站單個主變室進行了數(shù)值模擬研究,給出了其冷態(tài)下的阻抗值S,并擬合出阻抗值S與出風(fēng)口面積A2的關(guān)系方程式。從而為其他地下水電站相似結(jié)構(gòu)的主變室系統(tǒng)的通風(fēng)設(shè)計計算提供參考價值。③用CFD方法模擬了BTH水電站母線洞的通風(fēng)流動阻力特性,找出了母線洞內(nèi)空氣流動阻力產(chǎn)生的主要部位,并分析了其阻抗值S小的原因;以XW水電站母線洞為對象,模擬研究了阻抗值S隨不同排風(fēng)口面積A2的變化情況,并擬合出兩者之間的關(guān)系方程式;以JP水電站母線洞排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)為例,研究了排風(fēng)口處風(fēng)機動壓損失對母線洞總阻力的影響。最后,得出了在以后我們計算單層(不設(shè)置樓梯口)、無防火風(fēng)口設(shè)置的母線洞冷態(tài)下的通風(fēng)阻力時,完全可以忽略空氣流經(jīng)母線洞內(nèi)部設(shè)備段時的阻力,而只需采用風(fēng)道的計算方法計算空氣在排風(fēng)管道中的流動阻力即可的結(jié)論,并提出降低母線洞阻力損失的方法。
[Abstract]:Since the end of the last century, the construction of the hydropower station has been booming in China, and the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, the Xiaowan Hydropower Station, the Longtan Hydropower Station, the Water-Buyi Hydropower Station and the Baihetan Hydropower Station, which are under construction, are the first in different ways. In recent years, the construction of underground hydropower station is particularly prominent. However, the control theory and technical application of the thermal and humidity environment in the power house of the hydropower station are relatively lagging, and there are many limitations in the design method of the HVAC system of the current giant underground power station. It is one of the main features of the limitation of the ventilation and air-conditioning technology in the underground hydropower station. The ventilation of the plant is an important part of the construction of the hydropower station, which directly influences the thermal environment and the effect of the air flow. Therefore, it is necessary to study the value of the flow resistance characteristic parameter of the gas flow of the key channel, so that the equipment selection can be carried out accurately, and the thermal and wet environment and energy waste can be avoided. This paper is one of the research contents of the 鈥淭he Forming Mechanism and Energy-saving Regulation of the Thermal and Wet Environment of the Deep-buried Underground Hydropower Station鈥
本文編號:2385852
[Abstract]:Since the end of the last century, the construction of the hydropower station has been booming in China, and the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, the Xiaowan Hydropower Station, the Longtan Hydropower Station, the Water-Buyi Hydropower Station and the Baihetan Hydropower Station, which are under construction, are the first in different ways. In recent years, the construction of underground hydropower station is particularly prominent. However, the control theory and technical application of the thermal and humidity environment in the power house of the hydropower station are relatively lagging, and there are many limitations in the design method of the HVAC system of the current giant underground power station. It is one of the main features of the limitation of the ventilation and air-conditioning technology in the underground hydropower station. The ventilation of the plant is an important part of the construction of the hydropower station, which directly influences the thermal environment and the effect of the air flow. Therefore, it is necessary to study the value of the flow resistance characteristic parameter of the gas flow of the key channel, so that the equipment selection can be carried out accurately, and the thermal and wet environment and energy waste can be avoided. This paper is one of the research contents of the 鈥淭he Forming Mechanism and Energy-saving Regulation of the Thermal and Wet Environment of the Deep-buried Underground Hydropower Station鈥
本文編號:2385852
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