【摘要】：水工弧形閘門(mén)是重要的擋水和泄水建筑物，其安全對(duì)整個(gè)樞紐至關(guān)重要。但由于閘門(mén)屬于薄壁輕質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)，在動(dòng)水荷載下容易發(fā)生振動(dòng)，對(duì)閘門(mén)動(dòng)力特性的研究顯得十分必要。閘門(mén)面板承受動(dòng)水荷載作用，然后通過(guò)支臂和支鉸將水壓力傳給閘墩，所以閘門(mén)振動(dòng)要受到水體和閘墩的影響。而且，閘后不同泄流條件，如淹沒(méi)出流和自由出流，閘門(mén)振動(dòng)響應(yīng)又不盡相同，所以閘門(mén)振動(dòng)是復(fù)雜的流激振動(dòng)問(wèn)題。物理模型試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果可以對(duì)比驗(yàn)證，確保兩者的正確性，所以試驗(yàn)和數(shù)模相結(jié)合是一種研究閘門(mén)振動(dòng)的有效方法。 本文結(jié)合瀾滄江里底水電站泄洪底孔弧形工作閘門(mén)，通過(guò)試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值計(jì)算對(duì)其流激振動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行了研究，并進(jìn)行支臂優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： (1)根據(jù)模型試驗(yàn)原理和要求，選擇合適水彈性材料，按一定的幾何比尺設(shè)計(jì)了閘門(mén)水力學(xué)和水彈性模型，進(jìn)行了閘門(mén)荷載量測(cè)和流激振動(dòng)響應(yīng)試驗(yàn)，并分析試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。 (2)利用ANSYS建立水體-閘門(mén)-閘墩耦合數(shù)值模型，將物理模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，驗(yàn)證了兩種方法的正確性，然后與不考慮水體的閘門(mén)-閘墩耦合數(shù)值模型以及閘墩剛性處理的數(shù)值模型的計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比，分析了閘墩和水體各自對(duì)閘門(mén)振動(dòng)的影響。 (3)通過(guò)不同淹沒(méi)度以及自由出流泄流條件下的水彈性模型試驗(yàn)，研究了閘后淹沒(méi)出流和自由出流時(shí)閘門(mén)閘墩的流激振動(dòng)響應(yīng)特性。 (4)通過(guò)不同支臂型式閘門(mén)的動(dòng)、靜力分析，研究了支臂間斜、橫向連接系對(duì)支臂靜、動(dòng)力特性的影響。最后，通過(guò)對(duì)比確定了一種支臂優(yōu)化型式，既滿足靜力和動(dòng)力穩(wěn)定要求，又適當(dāng)降低了閘門(mén)制作和運(yùn)行成本。
[Abstract]:The hydraulic arc gate is an important water retaining and discharging structure, and its safety is very important to the whole hinge. But because the gate belongs to thin wall light structure, it is easy to vibrate under the dynamic water load, so it is necessary to study the dynamic characteristics of the gate. The gate face plate is subjected to dynamic water load, and then the water pressure is transmitted to the pier through the supporting arm and hinge, so the vibration of the gate is affected by the water body and the pier. Moreover, the vibration response of the gate is different under different discharge conditions, such as submerged discharge and free discharge, so the gate vibration is a complicated fluid-induced vibration problem. The results of physical model test and numerical calculation can be compared and verified to ensure the correctness of the two methods, so the combination of test and numerical simulation is an effective method to study the vibration of gate. In this paper, the fluid-induced vibration characteristics of the flood-releasing bottom hole of Lancang River Lidy Hydropower Station are studied by means of experiments and numerical calculations, and the optimum design of the supporting arm is carried out. The main research contents are as follows: (1) according to the principles and requirements of the model test, the hydraulic and hydroelastic models of the gate are designed according to a certain geometric scale. The tests of gate load measurement and fluid-induced vibration response are carried out, and the test results are analyzed. (2) the coupled numerical model of water body, gate and pier is established by using ANSYS. The results of physical model test and numerical calculation are compared, and the correctness of the two methods is verified. Then, compared with the numerical model of sluice-pier coupling without considering water and the numerical model of pier rigidity treatment, the effects of pier and water on gate vibration are analyzed. (3) through the hydroelastic model tests under different submergence degrees and free discharge conditions, the fluid-induced vibration response characteristics of gate piers under submerged discharge and free discharge are studied. (4) through the dynamic and static analysis of the gate with different type of arm, the influence of the oblique and transverse connection system on the static and dynamic characteristics of the arm is studied. Finally, an optimal type of arm is determined by comparison, which not only meets the requirements of static and dynamic stability, but also reduces the production and operation cost of the gate properly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV663.2

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