長江中游周天河段演變分析與整治措施研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-05 15:05
【摘要】：長江是我國第一大河,貫通東西部地區(qū)最重要的水運(yùn)主通道,貨運(yùn)量突破20億噸,已連續(xù)12年位居全球內(nèi)河首位。長江中游上起宜昌,下至鄱陽湖湖口,長達(dá)900km,是連接上下游航道的重要紐帶。保持長江航道的暢通,對促進(jìn)長江黃金水道盡早發(fā)揮社會效益具有積極的作用。然而,位于長江中游的周天河段,灘槽格局變化頻繁,航道條件較差,歷來是長江中游上治理的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。周天河段上連郝穴水道,下接藕池口水道,全長約28km,以胡汾溝為界自上而下分為周公堤水道和天星洲水道。河段內(nèi)不僅洲灘沖淤多變、主流擺動不定,而且上下水道相互作用、關(guān)系密切,使周天河段即具有上荊江河段洲灘變化頻繁的特征,又有下荊江河段上下關(guān)聯(lián)性強(qiáng)的顯著特點(diǎn),演變規(guī)律十分復(fù)雜;近期,三峽水庫蓄水運(yùn)用后,來水來沙條件發(fā)生改變對壩下游河床的演變造成劇烈影響,周天河段作為較早受三峽水庫蓄水運(yùn)用影響的河段,“清水”持續(xù)沖刷使該河段航道條件趨于惡化,礙航問題頻發(fā),嚴(yán)重制約了長江中游航道的暢通,亟需開展淺灘演變規(guī)律和航道整治措施的研究工作,以改善本河段的航運(yùn)條件。本文以長江中游周天河段航道整治工程作為依托,以水文泥沙和實測地形資料為基礎(chǔ),運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法分析了來水來沙特點(diǎn)及變化特征;從周公堤與天星洲兩水道相互關(guān)聯(lián)的屬性出發(fā),系統(tǒng)分析并總結(jié)了周天河段的演變規(guī)律,預(yù)估了變化趨勢;借助二維水沙數(shù)學(xué)模型對該河段進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬研究,驗證了河演分析的結(jié)果;在河演分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了該河段的航道整治工程方案;利用三維紊流數(shù)學(xué)模型驗證并優(yōu)化了工程方案。本文主要結(jié)論如下:1、周天河段內(nèi)的兩水道上下關(guān)聯(lián)性強(qiáng),不僅主流之間相互作用,而且洲灘之間沖淤消長;2、周公堤水道內(nèi)的蛟子淵邊灘是影響其它灘形變化的最重要灘體,在周天河段中起到承上啟下的作用;3、三峽水庫蓄水后,周天河段河勢格局整體較為穩(wěn)定,但局部地方仍存在一些不利的變化;4、周天河段目前存在的航道問題:周公堤水道過渡段淺區(qū)水深不足,以及天星洲洲體沖刷后退,使得航道邊界不穩(wěn)定;5、周天河段的治理思路:控制周公堤水道放寬段的主流擺動,同時避免對顏家臺春灌站取水口造成影響;穩(wěn)定天星洲水道過渡段的洲灘格局;6、根據(jù)整治方案數(shù)學(xué)模型的研究認(rèn)識,潛丁壩壩體適量透水不會削弱壩體的挑流作用,還能在一定程度上減緩壩體上游泥沙的淤積,建議在顏家臺區(qū)域布置1道透水面積比例處于10%~20%范圍的潛丁壩。本文的研究工作對于探索周天河段的淺灘演變規(guī)律;分析新水沙條件下河床的發(fā)展趨勢;研究長直過渡段淺灘的治理措施等具有一定的參考價值和實際意義。
[Abstract]:The Yangtze River is the largest river in China, which runs through the most important waterway in the eastern and western regions. The cargo volume exceeds 2 billion tons, which has been the first inland river in the world for 12 years in a row. The middle reaches of the Yangtze River up Yichang and down to Poyang Lake, 900 km long, is an important link between upstream and downstream waterways. Maintaining the smooth passage of the Yangtze River plays a positive role in promoting the Yangtze River Golden Waterway to bring social benefits into full play as soon as possible. However, in the Zhoutian reach in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the beach pattern changes frequently and the channel conditions are poor, which has always been the focus and difficulty in the regulation of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The total length of the reach is about 28km, which is divided into Zhougong dike waterway and Tianxingzhou waterway from the top to the bottom. In the reach, not only the beach scour and siltation is changeable, the mainstream swinging is uncertain, but also the interaction between upper sewers and sewers is close, which makes the Zhoutian reach have the characteristics of frequent beach changes in the reach of the upper Jingjiang River and strong correlation between the upper and lower reaches of the Jingjiang River. The law of evolution is very complex; Recently, after the storage and operation of the three Gorges Reservoir, the changes in the conditions of incoming water and sediment have had a severe impact on the evolution of the riverbed downstream of the dam. The Zhoutian reach is an earlier section affected by the water storage and utilization of the three Gorges Reservoir. The continuous scour of "clear water" makes the waterway condition of the reach worse and hinders navigation frequently, which seriously restricts the smooth flow of the channel in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is urgent to carry out the study on the rules of shoal evolution and the regulation measures of the channel in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In order to improve the shipping conditions of this reach. Based on the waterway regulation project in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, based on hydrological sediment and measured topographic data, the characteristics and variation characteristics of incoming water and sediment are analyzed by statistical method in this paper. Based on the interrelated properties of Zhougong dike and Tianxingzhou two waterways, the evolution law of Zhoutian reach is analyzed and summarized systematically, and the trend of change is forecasted. The numerical simulation of the reach is carried out with the aid of two-dimensional water and sediment mathematical model, and the results of the river simulation analysis are verified, and based on the analysis of the river model, the waterway regulation project of the reach is put forward. The three-dimensional turbulent mathematical model is used to verify and optimize the engineering scheme. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. The relationship between the two waterways in the Zhoutian reach is strong, not only the interaction between the mainstream, but also the erosion and siltation between the banks; 2, the Jiaoziyuan edge beach in the Zhougong dike waterway is the most important beach body which affects the change of other beach shape, and plays a connecting role in the Zhoutian reach; 3. After the three Gorges Reservoir impounded, the river regime pattern of the Zhoutian reach is relatively stable, but there are still some unfavorable changes in the local areas. (4) the current waterway problems in the Zhoutian reach: insufficient water depth in the shallow area of the transitional section of the Zhougongdi waterway, and the erosion and retrogression of the Tianxing Island, which make the waterway boundary unstable; 5. The control thought of the Zhoutian reach: controlling the mainstream swing of the relaxed section of Zhougongdi waterway, avoiding the influence on the intake of the spring irrigation station in Yanjiatai, stabilizing the beach pattern of the transitional section of Tianxing Zhou waterway; 6. According to the study of mathematical model of regulation scheme, the proper water permeability of submersible dike body will not weaken the dredging effect of dam body, but also can reduce the silt deposition in the upper reaches of dam body to a certain extent. It is suggested that 1 submersible dike with a ratio of 10% to 20% should be arranged in the Yanjiatai area. The research work in this paper has certain reference value and practical significance for exploring the shoal evolution law of Zhoutian reach, analyzing the developing trend of river bed under the condition of new water and sediment, and studying the control measures of the shoal in the long straight transition section.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV147
本文編號：2312442
[Abstract]:The Yangtze River is the largest river in China, which runs through the most important waterway in the eastern and western regions. The cargo volume exceeds 2 billion tons, which has been the first inland river in the world for 12 years in a row. The middle reaches of the Yangtze River up Yichang and down to Poyang Lake, 900 km long, is an important link between upstream and downstream waterways. Maintaining the smooth passage of the Yangtze River plays a positive role in promoting the Yangtze River Golden Waterway to bring social benefits into full play as soon as possible. However, in the Zhoutian reach in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the beach pattern changes frequently and the channel conditions are poor, which has always been the focus and difficulty in the regulation of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The total length of the reach is about 28km, which is divided into Zhougong dike waterway and Tianxingzhou waterway from the top to the bottom. In the reach, not only the beach scour and siltation is changeable, the mainstream swinging is uncertain, but also the interaction between upper sewers and sewers is close, which makes the Zhoutian reach have the characteristics of frequent beach changes in the reach of the upper Jingjiang River and strong correlation between the upper and lower reaches of the Jingjiang River. The law of evolution is very complex; Recently, after the storage and operation of the three Gorges Reservoir, the changes in the conditions of incoming water and sediment have had a severe impact on the evolution of the riverbed downstream of the dam. The Zhoutian reach is an earlier section affected by the water storage and utilization of the three Gorges Reservoir. The continuous scour of "clear water" makes the waterway condition of the reach worse and hinders navigation frequently, which seriously restricts the smooth flow of the channel in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is urgent to carry out the study on the rules of shoal evolution and the regulation measures of the channel in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In order to improve the shipping conditions of this reach. Based on the waterway regulation project in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, based on hydrological sediment and measured topographic data, the characteristics and variation characteristics of incoming water and sediment are analyzed by statistical method in this paper. Based on the interrelated properties of Zhougong dike and Tianxingzhou two waterways, the evolution law of Zhoutian reach is analyzed and summarized systematically, and the trend of change is forecasted. The numerical simulation of the reach is carried out with the aid of two-dimensional water and sediment mathematical model, and the results of the river simulation analysis are verified, and based on the analysis of the river model, the waterway regulation project of the reach is put forward. The three-dimensional turbulent mathematical model is used to verify and optimize the engineering scheme. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. The relationship between the two waterways in the Zhoutian reach is strong, not only the interaction between the mainstream, but also the erosion and siltation between the banks; 2, the Jiaoziyuan edge beach in the Zhougong dike waterway is the most important beach body which affects the change of other beach shape, and plays a connecting role in the Zhoutian reach; 3. After the three Gorges Reservoir impounded, the river regime pattern of the Zhoutian reach is relatively stable, but there are still some unfavorable changes in the local areas. (4) the current waterway problems in the Zhoutian reach: insufficient water depth in the shallow area of the transitional section of the Zhougongdi waterway, and the erosion and retrogression of the Tianxing Island, which make the waterway boundary unstable; 5. The control thought of the Zhoutian reach: controlling the mainstream swing of the relaxed section of Zhougongdi waterway, avoiding the influence on the intake of the spring irrigation station in Yanjiatai, stabilizing the beach pattern of the transitional section of Tianxing Zhou waterway; 6. According to the study of mathematical model of regulation scheme, the proper water permeability of submersible dike body will not weaken the dredging effect of dam body, but also can reduce the silt deposition in the upper reaches of dam body to a certain extent. It is suggested that 1 submersible dike with a ratio of 10% to 20% should be arranged in the Yanjiatai area. The research work in this paper has certain reference value and practical significance for exploring the shoal evolution law of Zhoutian reach, analyzing the developing trend of river bed under the condition of new water and sediment, and studying the control measures of the shoal in the long straight transition section.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV147
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