【摘要】：隨著城市的快速發(fā)展，水資源供需矛盾日益嚴(yán)重。水資源短缺已成為制約城市持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要因素，，尤其是我國北方地區(qū)，很多大中城市屬于嚴(yán)重資源型缺水，天津市是資源型缺水城市，人均水資源占有量僅為全國人均水平的1/15，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于國際人均1000m3的缺水警戒線。 雨水作為自然界水循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的重要環(huán)節(jié)，對補(bǔ)充地區(qū)水量和調(diào)節(jié)生態(tài)環(huán)境起到極其重要的作用。集蓄利用雨水資源是實(shí)現(xiàn)城市持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要途徑之一，同時(shí)促進(jìn)資源節(jié)約型、生態(tài)環(huán)境宜居型城市的建設(shè)。 本課題著重探討城市雨水利用技術(shù)，尋找適用于我國的可持續(xù)雨水管理模式，并撰寫城市雨水利用指南。課題主要研究內(nèi)容包括： （1）綜合考慮資源、環(huán)境、社會(huì)、發(fā)展、宜居等多方面因素，依據(jù)管理區(qū)域大小分層次進(jìn)行控制，提出大流域規(guī)劃、次級流域規(guī)劃、環(huán)境管理規(guī)劃及具體雨水管理措施的多層次雨洪管理體系，達(dá)到層層滯留、逐級削減，實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域開發(fā)前后徑流“零增長”。 （2）歸納總結(jié)國內(nèi)外雨水利用工程中所采用的方法及各工程措施的適用情況，包括屋面雨水利用、下凹式綠地、自然凈化技術(shù)、透水鋪裝、雨水調(diào)蓄及雨水回灌六大類。分析各項(xiàng)工程措施在減輕城市內(nèi)澇同時(shí)，可獲得的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、環(huán)境效益及社會(huì)效益。 （3）根據(jù)規(guī)范及工程實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，總結(jié)歸納雨水利用工程具體施工方法及設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)范圍，為今后城市雨水工程建設(shè)提供規(guī)劃依據(jù)和技術(shù)支持。 通過研究，提出大流域規(guī)劃、次級流域規(guī)劃、環(huán)境管理規(guī)劃及具體雨水管理措施的多層次雨洪管理體系及適合我國國情的“入滲為主，集蓄利用為輔，重自然凈化，審慎對待雨水回灌，提倡綜合利用”的持續(xù)化雨水利用模式。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the city, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is becoming more and more serious. The shortage of water resources has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of cities, especially in the north of China. Many large and medium-sized cities belong to severe water shortage, and Tianjin is a resource-based water shortage city. The per capita water resources per capita is only 1 / 15 of the national average, which is far below the warning level of water shortage of international per capita 1000m3. Rain Water, as an important link of natural water circulation system, plays an extremely important role in replenishing regional water quantity and regulating ecological environment. The collection and utilization of Rain Water resources is one of the important ways to realize the sustainable development of the city. At the same time, it promotes the construction of resource-saving and eco-environment livable cities. This paper focuses on the study of urban Rain Water's use of technology, to find a sustainable mode of management in China, and to write a guide to the utilization of urban Rain Water. The main research contents are as follows: (1) considering various factors such as resources, environment, society, development, livability and so on, according to the management area size and level control, the paper puts forward the large watershed planning, the secondary watershed planning, etc. The multi-level rainwater management system of environmental management planning and concrete Rain Water management measures has reached the level of retention, gradually reduced, and realized the "zero increase" of runoff before and after regional development. (2) summing up the methods used in the utilization project of Rain Water at home and abroad and the application of various engineering measures, including the utilization of the roofing Rain Water, the concave green space, the natural purification technology, the permeable pavement, the Rain Water regulation and storage and the Rain Water recharge. This paper analyzes the economic, environmental and social benefits of various engineering measures in reducing urban waterlogging at the same time. (3) according to the specification and engineering practice experience, the author summarizes Rain Water's use of concrete construction methods and design parameters to provide planning basis and technical support for the future construction of the city Rain Water project. Through research, the paper puts forward the multi-level rainwater management system of large watershed planning, secondary watershed planning, environmental management planning and concrete Rain Water management measures, and the "infiltration as the main factor, the accumulation and utilization as auxiliary, and the natural purification" suitable for China's national conditions. We should treat Rain Water's recharge prudently and advocate the sustainable use mode of "comprehensive utilization".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV213.9

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