【摘要】：國際恐怖主義時刻威脅著國家的安全，具有顯著經(jīng)濟意義的大壩已經(jīng)成為恐怖主義重點打擊的目標，大壩一旦出事，后果不堪設想，故對大壩在遭受爆炸荷載沖擊后的動態(tài)響應及抗爆防護措施的研究就十分必要。 重力拱壩兼具重力壩和拱壩的結(jié)構(gòu)特性，水下爆炸沖擊荷載下其破壞模式值得關注，本文主要分析重力拱壩在水下爆炸沖擊荷載作用下的動態(tài)響應并對抗爆防護措施進行研究。 水下爆炸沖擊下重力拱壩動態(tài)響應分析�？紤]混凝土的應變率效應，建立混凝土重力拱壩水下爆炸全耦合模型，對水下爆炸沖擊下重力拱壩動態(tài)破壞過程進行了全性能數(shù)值仿真，針對重力拱壩的結(jié)構(gòu)特性及受力特點，探討大壩在水下爆炸沖擊荷載作用下的可能破壞模式及破壞機理。研究表明，重力拱壩兼有重力壩和拱壩的抗爆特性，大壩抗爆薄弱部位主要位于壩體中上部，重力拱壩壩身下部抗爆性能較強；當炸藥在拱冠梁處起爆時，表孔中墩及邊墩發(fā)生沖切和震塌滑移破壞；當炸藥在距右岸1/4拱圈處爆炸時，壩肩發(fā)生震塌破壞，影響壩肩抗滑穩(wěn)定及壩體整體安全性。 抗爆防護措施研究。將泡沫鋁應用于重力拱壩上，數(shù)值模擬大壩的破壞模式，分析泡沫鋁的抗爆防護效應，并分析泡沫鋁厚度及防護范圍對大壩破壞模式的影響。研究表明，，隨著泡沫鋁的厚度增大，大壩同時刻的破壞程度是降低的；防護范圍對大壩的破壞模式影響不大。
[Abstract]:International terrorism is always threatening the security of the country. Dams with significant economic significance have become the target of terrorism's priority attack. Once the dam is in trouble, the consequences will be unthinkable. Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamic response and anti-explosion protection measures of the dam. Gravity arch dam has the structural characteristics of gravity dam and arch dam. The failure mode of gravity arch dam under underwater explosion impact load is worthy of attention. This paper mainly analyzes the dynamic response of gravity arch dam under underwater explosion impact load and studies the anti-explosion protection measures. Dynamic response Analysis of Gravity Arch Dam under underwater explosion. Considering the strain rate effect of concrete, a fully coupled model for underwater explosion of gravity arch dam is established. The dynamic failure process of gravity arch dam under underwater explosion is simulated numerically, and the structural characteristics and stress characteristics of gravity arch dam are analyzed. The possible failure mode and failure mechanism of dams under underwater blast impact load are discussed. The results show that gravity arch dam has the anti-explosion characteristics of gravity dam and arch dam, the weak part of the dam is mainly located in the middle and upper part of the dam body, and the anti-explosion performance of gravity arch dam is stronger than that of the gravity arch dam, and when the explosive is detonated at the arch crown beam, When the explosive explodes at a quarter of an arch circle from the right bank, the dam abutment collapses, which affects the stability of the abutment and the overall safety of the dam. Study on anti-explosion protection measures. This paper applies aluminum foam to gravity arch dam, numerically simulates the failure mode of dam, analyzes the anti-explosion protection effect of aluminum foam, and analyzes the influence of thickness and protection range of aluminum foam on the failure mode of dam. The results show that the damage degree of the dam decreases at the same time with the increase of the thickness of aluminum foam, and the protection range has little effect on the failure mode of the dam.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV642.3;TV312

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