本文選題：馬踏湖 + 濕地��； 參考：《山東大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：馬踏湖濕地位于山東省淄博市桓臺縣北端,是魯中地區(qū)最大的濕地,自上世紀60年代,因過度開發(fā)和濕地上游來水水質(zhì)惡化等原因,濕地面積萎縮嚴重,為恢復(fù)濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境,當?shù)卣群髮嵤┝笋R踏湖濕地環(huán)湖水系工程等基礎(chǔ)性工程措施,濕地萎縮趨勢得以控制,但前期的規(guī)劃設(shè)計均未對馬踏湖濕地生態(tài)修復(fù)所需要的水量進行明確的分析計算,沒有具體補水方案,引水補水盲目性大。本次論文結(jié)合馬踏湖濕地現(xiàn)已實施的工程措施和恢復(fù)目標,核算濕地不同生態(tài)目標的需水量,并提出合理的濕地補水方案,為馬踏湖濕地的修復(fù)、管理和政府決策提供參考。主要研究內(nèi)容如下：1、分析馬踏湖濕地現(xiàn)狀存在的問題,結(jié)合濕地保護規(guī)劃,指出對馬踏湖濕地生態(tài)需水量和補水方案進行研究的目的、背景及意義。明確馬踏湖濕地生態(tài)需水量計算內(nèi)容,即維持濕地水量不變、水質(zhì)不變及維護生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能等3個生態(tài)修復(fù)目標下的需水量。2、在查閱資料和實際調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合目前國內(nèi)外在生態(tài)需水量、生態(tài)補水方面的研究方法,細化論文研究內(nèi)容,確定采用水量平衡法、物質(zhì)平衡法和生態(tài)法對馬踏湖濕地生態(tài)需水量進行計算。得出了馬踏湖濕地在維持濕地水量不變、水質(zhì)不變及維護生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能等3個生態(tài)修復(fù)目標對應(yīng)的近期(2020年)遠期(2030年)的生態(tài)需水量分別是1497.7萬m3、2481.2萬m3、8850.1萬m3；2021.3萬m3、1878.6萬m3、7672.7萬m3。3、通過對馬踏湖濕地可引水量和不同保護目標的生態(tài)需水量進行對比分析,結(jié)合在建工程實際,確定了馬踏湖濕地補水方案,即用中水、礦坑水、天然徑流、水庫引水作為基本引水水源,客水作為補充水源的補水方案。對可引水量和引客水水量進行了計算,基本引水水源近期、遠期可引水量分別為3083.8萬m3,5495.8萬m3；維持濕地水量不變、水質(zhì)不變的的生態(tài)需水量,以中水作為補水水源。維護生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能的需水量需聯(lián)合補水。論文在查閱資料和實地調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,對馬踏湖濕地生態(tài)需水量和補水方案進行了研究分析并得出相應(yīng)結(jié)果,可為馬踏湖濕地生態(tài)修復(fù)管理提供參考。
[Abstract]:Mata Lake Wetland, located at the northern end of Huantai County, Zibo City, Shandong Province, is the largest wetland in the middle of Shandong Province. Since the 1960s, due to excessive exploitation and deterioration of water quality in the upper reaches of the wetland, the wetland area has shrunk seriously, in order to restore the wetland ecological environment. The local government has successively carried out basic engineering measures such as the Mata Lake Wetland Rim system Project and so on, and the trend of wetland shrinkage has been brought under control. However, none of the previous planning and design has made a clear analysis and calculation of the amount of water needed for the ecological restoration of the Mata Lake wetland. There is no specific water supply program, diversion water supply blindness. This paper combines the engineering measures and restoration targets of Mata Lake wetland, calculates the water demand of different ecological targets of wetland, and puts forward a reasonable wetland water supply scheme, which can provide reference for the restoration, management and government decision of Marta Lake wetland. The main research contents are as follows: 1. The problems existing in the current situation of Marta Lake wetland are analyzed. Combined with the wetland protection planning, the purpose, background and significance of the study on ecological water demand and water supply scheme of the wetland are pointed out. The calculation content of ecological water requirement of Marta Lake wetland is defined, that is, the water requirement of three ecological restoration objectives, namely, keeping the wetland water quantity unchanged, water quality unchanged and maintaining ecosystem function, is defined. On the basis of consulting data and actual investigation, Combined with the research methods of ecological water demand and ecological water supply at home and abroad, the research contents of this paper are refined, and the water balance method, material balance method and ecological method are adopted to calculate the ecological water demand of Mata Lake wetland. It is concluded that the ecological water demand of the wetland in the near term (2020) and in the long term (2030) is 14.977 million m3, 24.812 million m3 and 88.501 million m3, respectively, corresponding to the three ecological restoration objectives of maintaining the wetland water quantity, water quality and ecosystem function. 20.213 million m 3, 18.786 million m 3, 76.727 million m 3. Through comparative analysis of the amount of water diversion and ecological water demand of different protection targets in Mata Lake Wetland, combined with the actual construction project, the water supply scheme of Mata Lake Wetland is determined, that is, using reclaimed water, mine pit water, natural runoff, etc. Reservoir diversion as the basic source of water diversion, guest water as a supplementary water supply scheme. The quantity of water diversion and the quantity of water for visitors are calculated. In the near future, the long-term water diversion is 30.838 million m ~ 3 and 54.958 million m ~ 3, respectively. The ecological water demand, which maintains the same amount of wetland water and invariable water quality, takes the middle water as the source of supplementary water. Water requirements for maintaining ecosystem functions require combined rehydration. On the basis of consulting data and field investigation, this paper studies and analyzes the ecological water demand and water supply scheme of Mata Lake wetland, and obtains the corresponding results, which can provide a reference for the ecological restoration and management of the wetland in Mata Lake.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TV213.4

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