本文選題：模型試驗(yàn) + 非淹沒(méi)式丁壩群��； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國(guó)，以黃河為代表的多沙河流，，由于攜帶較多的懸移質(zhì)泥沙，河床沖淤變化劇烈，在漫長(zhǎng)的演變過(guò)程中形成了極不穩(wěn)定的游蕩性河型特征，對(duì)河道兩岸人民生活和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展構(gòu)成了極大威脅。為減輕游蕩性河流河勢(shì)頻繁變化對(duì)河道大堤的威脅，采取有效的工程措施對(duì)游蕩性河流進(jìn)行河道整治，控導(dǎo)主流，穩(wěn)定河勢(shì)，對(duì)于減輕防洪壓力保障河道兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展具有極為重要的意義。 實(shí)體丁壩群作為最常見(jiàn)的河道整治建筑物在河道整治工程中廣為應(yīng)用，尤其在河勢(shì)散亂河床穩(wěn)定性較差的沖積平原河流，為固堤護(hù)灘控導(dǎo)河勢(shì)，經(jīng)常采用丁壩群的平面布置形式進(jìn)行工程規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)。傳統(tǒng)的實(shí)體丁壩群工程雖然在整治寬淺游蕩河流中起到了良好的作用，但遇到大洪水時(shí)工程局部往往被沖毀導(dǎo)致破壞，影響其防護(hù)效果。挾沙水流的挾沙能力與水流速度的高次方成正比，若使流速發(fā)生微小變化，則挾沙力的減小是很可觀的，這一現(xiàn)象常常會(huì)促使水流對(duì)河床的沖刷變?yōu)椴粵_甚至淤積。近年來(lái)，基于這一河流動(dòng)力學(xué)基本原理的透水性治河護(hù)岸技術(shù)措施在固堤護(hù)灘減速落淤、控導(dǎo)河勢(shì)方面體現(xiàn)了許多優(yōu)勢(shì)。透水與實(shí)體相結(jié)合、剛性與柔性相結(jié)合的治河護(hù)岸技術(shù)是未來(lái)治河技術(shù)發(fā)展的主要方向之一。 為了給實(shí)體與透水相結(jié)合的復(fù)合型護(hù)岸技術(shù)開發(fā)研究提供基礎(chǔ)理論依據(jù)，本文首先結(jié)合某河道整治工程的實(shí)施，通過(guò)比尺模型試驗(yàn)，對(duì)實(shí)體丁壩群設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)變化時(shí)局部沖刷規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析研究，總結(jié)了不同壩軸線方位角、丁壩間距和長(zhǎng)度對(duì)沖刷坑深度及沖淤位置的影響，提出了丁壩群各壩頭局部沖刷深度的分析計(jì)算方法；然后通過(guò)概化模型試驗(yàn)，結(jié)合理論分析，對(duì)鋼筋混凝土井柱樁這一在新疆地區(qū)應(yīng)用較多的透水丁壩（簡(jiǎn)稱透水樁壩）控導(dǎo)水流的作用和緩流落淤的效果進(jìn)行了分析研究，研究成果表明透水樁壩在一定透水率和壩軸線方位角時(shí)緩流落淤效果顯著；最后通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬手段研究了上述兩種丁壩群實(shí)際運(yùn)行時(shí)與水流相互作用的護(hù)岸機(jī)理，模擬結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)觀測(cè)規(guī)律基本一致。試驗(yàn)所得結(jié)論可為工程規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)提供參考，并為復(fù)合型護(hù)岸技術(shù)的研發(fā)提供了便捷實(shí)用的分析手段。
[Abstract]:In our country, because of carrying more suspended sediment, the river bed scour and silt changes dramatically, which forms the extremely unstable wandering river type characteristic in the long evolution process. It poses a great threat to the people's life and economic development on both sides of the river. In order to reduce the threat of frequent changes of river regime to the river embankment, effective engineering measures are taken to regulate the wandering river, control and guide the mainstream, and stabilize the river regime. It is of great significance to reduce flood control pressure and ensure the economic and social development of both sides of the river. As the most common river regulation building, solid dike group is widely used in river regulation engineering, especially in alluvial plain rivers with poor stability of river regime scattered riverbed. The plane layout of dike group is often used for engineering planning and design. Although the traditional solid spur dike group works have played a good role in the regulation of wide and shallow wandering rivers, when the flood occurs, the local engineering is often destroyed and destroyed, which affects its protective effect. The sediment carrying capacity of sediment carrying flow is directly proportional to the high power of flow velocity. If the velocity of flow is slightly changed, the decrease of sediment carrying capacity is considerable. This phenomenon often causes the erosion of river bed to become non-scouring and even silting. In recent years, based on this basic principle of river dynamics, the technical measures of water permeable river regulation and bank revetment have shown many advantages in the aspects of embankment protection, beach reduction and siltation control and river regime control. The combination of permeable and solid, rigid and flexible river revetment technology is one of the main directions of future river control technology development. In order to provide the basic theoretical basis for the research and development of the composite bank revetment technology which combines the solid and the permeable water, this paper first combined with the implementation of a river regulation project, through the scale model test, In this paper, the local scour law of solid spur group is analyzed and studied, and the influence of azimuth angle of different axis, spacing and length of spur dam on the depth of scour pit and the position of scour and deposition are summarized. The analysis and calculation method of the local scour depth at each head of the spur dike group is put forward, and then through the generalizable model test, combined with the theoretical analysis, In this paper, the effect of reinforced concrete well column pile, which is widely used in Xinjiang area, on controlling and guiding water flow and the effect of slow flow and siltation are analyzed and studied. The research results show that the flow and siltation of the permeable pile dam is remarkable at a certain water permeability rate and the azimuth angle of the dam axis. Finally, the revetment mechanism of the interaction between the two kinds of dike groups and the flow is studied by means of numerical simulation. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental observation. The experimental results can provide reference for engineering planning and design, and provide a convenient and practical analysis method for the research and development of compound revetment technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV863

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