本文選題：水工結構　切入點：安全評價　出處：《天津大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：水工隧洞是水利水電工程中最常見的引水建筑物，，主要用于泄洪、引水發(fā)電、輸水灌溉、排泄水庫泥沙、導流等。環(huán)錨無粘結預應力混凝土襯砌結構近年來作為一種新型結構被逐漸應用于水工隧洞中。它是一種能充分發(fā)揮預應力結構特性的新型結構形式，主要適用于壓力水頭較高、圍巖厚度較薄或圍巖地質條件較差、襯砌開裂后可能導致重大事故的水工隧洞工程。目前我國已有多個大型水利工程采用這種襯砌結構形式，如清江隔河巖水電站引水發(fā)電隧洞、天生橋引水發(fā)電隧洞、南水北調工程穿黃隧洞、小浪底工程排沙洞和遼寧大伙房水庫引水工程的輸水隧洞等。與其他水工隧洞結構形式相比，環(huán)錨無粘結預應力混凝土襯砌隧洞具有許多突出優(yōu)點。但作為一種新型結構形式，他的安全性及可靠性問題是制約其得以普遍應用的關鍵。 本文基于我國首例采用無粘結預應力混凝土襯砌的水工隧洞——小浪底排沙洞工程，對于工程自1999年6月投入運行以來至今十幾年的大量監(jiān)測數據進行分析。獲得了針對此類結構監(jiān)測斷面的布置方法、監(jiān)測數據的分析方法以及各監(jiān)測儀器受不同因素影響的影響因子。由此確定了環(huán)錨無粘結預應力混凝土襯砌隧洞在運行期的運行狀態(tài)及結構可靠性的安全評價方法，得出了襯砌結構的安全預警值。通過以上分析也同時表明：經過十幾年的運行，在各種未知環(huán)境作用下，小浪底環(huán)錨無粘結預應力混凝土襯砌隧洞并未發(fā)生開裂、滲漏、鋼絞線斷裂或松弛等影響其可靠性的安全隱患，襯砌混凝土絕大部分處于受壓狀態(tài)。環(huán)錨無粘結預應力混凝土襯砌結構安全可靠。同時以小浪底實際工程作為實例進行安全評價分析研究，既能對安全評價方法的研究成果進行驗證，也可以對今后類似工程的安全監(jiān)測儀器布置作出指導，對環(huán)錨無粘結預應力混凝土襯砌結構的安全評價實施提供明確的步奏參考和數據資料。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic tunnels are the most common diversion structures in water conservancy and hydropower projects. They are mainly used for flood discharge, water diversion and power generation, water conveyance and irrigation, and sediment discharge from reservoirs. As a new type of structure, ring anchor unbonded prestressed concrete lining structure has been gradually used in hydraulic tunnel in recent years. It is a new type of structure which can give full play to the characteristics of prestressed concrete structure. It is mainly suitable for hydraulic tunnel projects with high pressure head, thin wall rock thickness or poor surrounding rock geological conditions, which may lead to serious accidents after lining cracking. At present, this kind of lining structure form has been adopted in many large water conservancy projects in China. For example, the diversion tunnel of Geheyan Hydropower Station in Qingjiang, the Tianshengqiao diversion tunnel, and the tunnel through the Yellow River in the South-to-North Water transfer Project, The drainage tunnel of Xiaolangdi Project and the diversion tunnel of Liaoning Dahuofang Reservoir. Compared with other hydraulic tunnel structures, the ring anchor unbonded prestressed concrete lining tunnel has many outstanding advantages, but as a new type of structure, the tunnel has many outstanding advantages. His safety and reliability are the key to its universal application. In this paper, based on the first case of hydraulic tunnel with unbonded prestressed concrete lining in China, the Xiaolangdi sand discharge tunnel is constructed. A large number of monitoring data from June 1999 to ten years since the project was put into operation have been analyzed, and the layout method for the monitoring section of this kind of structure has been obtained. The analysis method of monitoring data and the influence factors of different factors on the monitoring instruments are given. The safety evaluation method of the running state and structural reliability of unbonded prestressed concrete lining tunnel with annular anchor during operation period is determined. The safety warning value of lining structure is obtained. Through the above analysis, it is also shown that after more than ten years of operation, under the action of various unknown environments, no cracking and leakage occurred in Xiaolangdi ring anchor unbonded prestressed concrete lining tunnel. The safety hidden danger which affects the reliability of steel strands such as fracture or relaxation of steel strands, Most of the lining concrete is in the state of compression. The ring anchor unbonded prestressed concrete lining structure is safe and reliable. At the same time, the actual project of Xiaolangdi is taken as an example to carry out safety evaluation and analysis. Not only can the research results of safety evaluation methods be verified, but also the safety monitoring instrument arrangement of similar projects can be guided in the future. It provides a clear reference and data for the safety evaluation of ring anchor unbonded prestressed concrete lining structure.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV554;TV544

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