本文選題：水庫退役　切入點：標準　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本論文以陜西省現(xiàn)有退役中小型水庫工程為對象,開展了深入細致的調查工作,把握了省內(nèi)退役水庫的安全現(xiàn)狀;收集了國內(nèi)國外多個水庫退役標準文本,并對比分析了國內(nèi)外水庫退役標準的異同點,找出了我國水庫退役標準存在的問題,提出了對我國水庫退役標準的修改意見;建立了水庫退役評估的層次分析方法模型,針對陜西榆林地區(qū)水庫退役用提出的方法進行了評估,取得了較好的效果。論文得到的成果如下:(1)國內(nèi)外水庫退役標準的在安全、經(jīng)濟、生態(tài)環(huán)境方面高度一致。但是存在較多的不同之處,主要體現(xiàn)在以下方面:開展的基礎及出發(fā)點;退役程序;對評估人員的資質要求;評估階段流程劃分;收集數(shù)據(jù);評估模式;涉及的部門;拆壩費用;工程設計標準的確定;評估的依據(jù);可操作性。(2)通過對比國內(nèi)外水庫退役標準,仔細分析我國水庫退役標準,得到我國水庫退役的標準不足之處主要體現(xiàn)在:出發(fā)點局限于成本效益;退役程序不合理;水庫退役數(shù)據(jù)資料的收集不明確;評估模式不合理;水庫退役費用來源嚴重依賴于政府撥款;對水庫退役評估的從業(yè)人員資格沒有要求;水庫退役標準的可操作性差;水庫退役標準對小型水庫關注度低;水庫退役生態(tài)環(huán)境影響評估不健全;水庫退役宣傳力度不夠。(3)通過對比國內(nèi)外水庫退役標準,結合我國實際情況,提出了對我國水庫退役標準的修改意見,應從以下方面進行完善:轉變水庫退役出發(fā)點;完善水庫退役評估程序;明確水庫退役需要收集的數(shù)據(jù);充分考慮各利益相關方,讓其參與到水庫退役評估工作中;完善水庫退役評估的模式;嚴格要求水庫退役評估人員的資質,憑借資質證上崗;完善資金籌集方案;出臺相關的技術標準;選擇合理的退役方案;做典型水庫退役案例,以提供參考;加強監(jiān)測和監(jiān)控;加強水庫退役后的管理;做好宣傳工作。(4)提出了基于層次分析法的水庫退役評估體系。(5)針對陜西榆林地區(qū)水庫退役用提出的方法進行了評估,評估結果較為真實可靠,證明了所建立的評估體系較為符合實際。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the existing retired small and medium-sized reservoir project in Shaanxi Province as the object, develops the thorough and meticulous investigation work, grasps the security present situation of the decommissioned reservoir in the province, collects the many domestic and foreign decommissioning standard texts, The similarities and differences of the domestic and foreign standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs are compared and analyzed, the problems existing in the standards of the decommissioning of reservoirs in our country are found out, the opinions of modifying the standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs in China are put forward, and the AHP model for the evaluation of the decommissioning of reservoirs is established. This paper evaluates the method of reservoir decommissioning in Yulin area, Shaanxi Province, and obtains good results. The results obtained in this paper are as follows: 1) the domestic and foreign reservoir decommissioning standards are safe and economical. The ecological environment is highly consistent, but there are many differences, mainly reflected in the following aspects: the basis and starting point of the development; the decommissioning procedure; the qualification requirements of the evaluators; the process division of the evaluation stage; the collection of data; The evaluation model; the department involved; the cost of dam demolition; the determination of engineering design standards; the basis of evaluation; operability;) by comparing the domestic and foreign standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs, the standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs in China are carefully analyzed. The inadequacies of obtaining the standard of reservoir decommissioning in our country are mainly reflected in: starting point is limited in cost benefit, decommissioning procedure is unreasonable, data collection of reservoir decommissioning is not clear, evaluation mode is unreasonable; The source of the reservoir decommissioning cost depends heavily on the government appropriation, there is no requirement for the qualification of the employee in the evaluation of the reservoir decommissioning, the operability of the reservoir decommissioning standard is poor, and the reservoir decommissioning standard has low attention to the small reservoir. By comparing the domestic and foreign standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs and combining with the actual situation in China, this paper puts forward some suggestions for revising the standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs in China. It should be perfected from the following aspects: changing the starting point of reservoir decommissioning; perfecting the evaluation procedure of reservoir decommissioning; clarifying the data collected for reservoir decommissioning; fully considering all stakeholders and allowing them to participate in the evaluation of reservoir decommissioning; Perfect the model of reservoir decommissioning evaluation; strictly require the qualification of reservoir decommissioning appraisal personnel, rely on the qualification certificate to take up posts; perfect the fund raising scheme; issue relevant technical standard; choose reasonable decommissioning plan; do typical reservoir decommissioning cases, In order to provide reference; to strengthen monitoring and monitoring; to strengthen the management of reservoir decommissioning; to do a good job of propaganda; to put forward the evaluation system of reservoir decommissioning based on analytic hierarchy process. (5) to evaluate the method of reservoir decommissioning in Yulin area of Shaanxi Province. The evaluation results are true and reliable, which proves that the established evaluation system accords with the reality.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TV697

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