本文關鍵詞： 三軸試驗 堆石料 殘余變形 數(shù)值分析　出處：《大連理工大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國土石壩主要建設在地震基本烈度高、地質(zhì)條件復雜、水資源豐富的西南地區(qū),如果遭受震害將造成巨大損失。已有的資料顯示大多數(shù)震害都與殘余變形有關,因此需要深入研究筑壩堆石料的殘余變形特性。如何預測壩體的殘余變形已成為土石壩設計中的一個關鍵問題。 目前國內(nèi)外眾多學者已經(jīng)在殘余變形方面做了大量研究分析工作,主要的方法是通過大量的試驗來建立能反映堆石料殘余變形特性的計算模型,從而對土石壩進行計算分析。不同殘余變形模型考慮的影響因素不同,將導致其計算結果存在一定差異,計算模型不僅要能考慮不同振次、不同圍壓、不同應力水平等試驗條件,而且模型本身必須概念清晰,應用簡捷,參數(shù)求取方便。 本文在國家自然科學基金“筑壩堆石料的剪脹特性及其對高面板堆石壩靜、動力變形的影響研究”(編號：51279025)和“強震時超高面板壩面板破損機理及其抗震對策研究”(編號：51379028)、國家自然科學基金重大研究計劃集成項目“高土石壩地震災變過程模擬與集成研究”(編號：91215301)、地震行業(yè)科研專項經(jīng)費項目(編號：201208013)以及新世紀優(yōu)秀人才支持計劃“高土石壩和核電廠工程抗震”(編號：NCET-2012-12-0083)的資助下,就殘余變形模型目前存在的問題進行了研究,主要工作如下： (1)利用大型靜、動兩用三軸儀,對某擬建高面板堆石壩的筑壩材料進行了大量的動力循環(huán)三軸試驗,并整理出模型參數(shù),為數(shù)值分析提供依據(jù)。 (2)分析了堆石料殘余變形過程中泊松比的特性,泊松比在初始變化較大,但隨著振次或軸向應變的增加泊松比的數(shù)值逐漸增大并趨于穩(wěn)定。根據(jù)試驗結果整理出泊松比與動應力比、固結比、圍壓的關系以及其分布范圍。整理殘余剪應變時不應假定泊松比不變,應根據(jù)體變和軸向應變計算殘余剪應變和循環(huán)剪應變。 (3)整理、統(tǒng)計已有的殘余變形模型,針對已有模型存在的問題,提出采用雙曲線表述殘余應變與振次的關系,分別在殘余體應變關系式和殘余剪應變關系式中引入平均主應力和固結比,能更好地反映壩體的殘余變形特性。 (4)分別采用建議殘余變形模型與常用模型進行數(shù)值模擬,分析了不同模型之間的差異,進一步驗證了本文提出模型的合理性。
[Abstract]:Earth-rock dams in China are mainly built in southwest areas with high earthquake intensity, complicated geological conditions and abundant water resources. If they are affected by earthquakes, they will cause huge losses. Most of the existing data show that most of the earthquake disasters are related to residual deformation. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply study the residual deformation characteristics of rockfill. How to predict the residual deformation of dam body has become a key problem in the design of earth-rock dam. At present, many scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research and analysis on residual deformation. The main method is to establish a calculation model which can reflect the residual deformation characteristics of rockfill through a large number of experiments. Therefore, the calculation and analysis of earth-rock dam are carried out. Different residual deformation models consider different influencing factors, which will lead to some differences in calculation results. The calculation model should not only be able to consider different vibration times and confining pressures. Different stress levels and other test conditions, and the model itself must be clear concept, simple application, easy to obtain parameters. In this paper, the shear-dilatancy characteristics of rockfill materials for dam construction and its static effect on high face rockfill dam are studied by the National Natural Science Foundation of the people's Republic of China. Study on the influence of dynamic deformation "(No. 51279025) and" study on the damage Mechanism and Seismic Countermeasure of Ultra High face concrete face Dam under strong earthquake "(No. 51379028)," earthquake disaster process of High Earth-Rock Dam ", an Integrated Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China. Research on Simulation and Integration (No. 91215301), supported by a special research project for the earthquake industry (No.: 201208013) and the New Century Talent support Program, "Earth-Rock Dam and Nuclear Power Plant Project earthquake Resistance" (No.: NCET-2012-12-0083), The existing problems of residual deformation model are studied. The main work is as follows:. 1) A large number of dynamic cyclic triaxial tests are carried out on a dam material of a high face rockfill dam by using a large static and dynamic triaxial instrument, and the model parameters are sorted out, which provides a basis for numerical analysis. The characteristics of Poisson's ratio in the process of residual deformation of rockfill are analyzed. However, with the increase of vibration frequency or axial strain, the Poisson's ratio increases gradually and tends to be stable. According to the experimental results, the Poisson's ratio, the dynamic stress ratio and the consolidation ratio are sorted out. The relation of confining pressure and its distribution range. Poisson's ratio should not be assumed to be invariant in finishing residual shear strain, but residual shear strain and cyclic shear strain should be calculated according to bulk strain and axial strain. In order to solve the problems of the existing models, a hyperbolic method is proposed to describe the relationship between residual strain and vibration frequency. The average principal stress and consolidation ratio are introduced into the residual body strain relationship and the residual shear strain relationship, respectively, which can better reflect the residual deformation characteristics of the dam body. (4) the proposed residual deformation model and the common model are used to simulate the model, and the differences between different models are analyzed, which further verifies the rationality of the proposed model.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV41

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