本文關(guān)鍵詞： 抽水蓄能電機 場-路-運動耦合 時步有限元 數(shù)學(xué)模型 電抗參數(shù)　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為研究抽水蓄能機組的穩(wěn)態(tài)、瞬態(tài)電抗受鐵心飽和的影響,本文基于單元電機建立了抽水蓄能機組的場-路-運動耦合時步有限元模型,研究了發(fā)電及電動工況下定子空載突然三相短路狀態(tài)下系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)情況并對穩(wěn)態(tài)及瞬態(tài)參數(shù)的計算提出新的計算方法。該研究為電力系統(tǒng)仿真中抽水蓄能機組數(shù)學(xué)模型的建立及電機的電磁計算提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。主要成果如下： 1.建立了基于單元電機的抽水蓄能機組的場-路-運動耦合時步有限元模型,可大大減小多極抽水蓄能機組模型的單元和節(jié)點數(shù),縮短計算時間。 2.建立了旋轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)子穩(wěn)態(tài)參數(shù)計算法(即保持時步有限元模型每一個計算步中定、轉(zhuǎn)子鐵芯的磁阻率不變,電樞繞組加直軸電流,勵磁繞組與阻尼繞組開路,令轉(zhuǎn)子旋轉(zhuǎn)一周,轉(zhuǎn)子每旋轉(zhuǎn)一步即求得一個電抗值,則計算得到的最大值即為直軸同步電抗,最小值即為交軸同步電抗。)計算得到抽水蓄能機組分別運行于發(fā)電及電動穩(wěn)態(tài)工況下,轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)動一周時電抗的變化曲線及場圖,進而得到相應(yīng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)同步電抗。同時建立了固定轉(zhuǎn)子穩(wěn)態(tài)參數(shù)計算法(即保持定、轉(zhuǎn)子鐵芯的磁阻率不變,令+d軸與+A軸重合,勵磁繞組與阻尼繞組開路,電樞繞組加直軸電流得到的即為直軸同步電抗,加交軸電流即為交軸同步電抗。)計算得到了穩(wěn)態(tài)同步電抗。旋轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)子法計算值、固定轉(zhuǎn)子法計算值、設(shè)計值在額定工況相差均小于5%。進而應(yīng)用旋轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)子法和固定轉(zhuǎn)子法計算比較不同負載和不同功率因數(shù)時發(fā)電及電動工況下的飽和同步電抗,分析其變化規(guī)律。 3.建立了結(jié)合凍結(jié)磁導(dǎo)率法計算得到空載突然三相短路時定轉(zhuǎn)子繞組漏抗及電樞反應(yīng)電抗,再根據(jù)瞬態(tài)參數(shù)定義式計算得到各瞬態(tài)參數(shù)的參數(shù)計算方法(簡稱凍結(jié)磁導(dǎo)率瞬態(tài)參數(shù)計算法)；同時采用包絡(luò)線法得到電機空載突然三相短路時的短路電流,對短路電流進行參數(shù)辨識得到穩(wěn)態(tài)、瞬態(tài)、超瞬態(tài)電抗及時間常數(shù)(簡稱包絡(luò)線法)；將這兩種瞬態(tài)參數(shù)計算方法應(yīng)用于響水澗抽水蓄能電機發(fā)電及電動工況的穩(wěn)態(tài)、瞬態(tài)、超瞬態(tài)電抗及其相應(yīng)的時間常數(shù)的計算,并將該方法應(yīng)用在6極反裝水輪發(fā)電機上進行仿真研究,仿真結(jié)果驗證了凍結(jié)磁導(dǎo)率法的有效性及可行性。 4.將計及與不計轉(zhuǎn)速變化的抽水蓄能電機空載突然三相短路電流波形進行對比,兩者非常接近；同時對比計及與不計轉(zhuǎn)速變化的6極反裝水輪發(fā)電機空載突然三相短路電流波形,兩者非常接近；計及轉(zhuǎn)速變化的反裝水輪發(fā)電機短路電流波形與實測波形更接近,間接反映電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩計算的準(zhǔn)確性。為抽水蓄能機組的仿真研究及參數(shù)計算提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:In order to study the steady state and transient reactance of pumped storage units affected by core saturation, a field-road-motion coupled time-step finite element model for pumped-storage units is established based on the unit motor in this paper. In this paper, the response of the system under the condition of generator and electric power generation is studied, and a new calculation method of steady and transient parameters is proposed. The research is a new method for the number of pumped storage units in power system simulation. The establishment of the mathematical model and the electromagnetic calculation of the motor provide the theoretical basis. The main results are as follows:. 1. The coupled time-step finite element model of field-path motion for pumped-storage unit based on unit motor is established, which can greatly reduce the number of units and nodes in the model of multi-pole pumped storage unit and shorten the calculation time. 2. The calculation method of steady state parameters of rotating rotor is established (that is, to hold the finite element model of time step in each calculation step, the magnetoresistive ratio of rotor core is constant, the armature winding plus straight axis current, the excitation winding and damping winding are open circuit, so that the rotor rotates one week). For each step of rotor rotation, one reactance value is obtained, and the calculated maximum value is straight axis synchronous reactance, and the minimum value is intersection axis synchronous reactance.) the pumped storage unit is operated under the condition of generating power and electric steady state, respectively, when the rotor rotates one step, the maximum value is the direct axis synchronous reactance, and the minimum value is the alternating axis synchronous reactance. The change curve and field diagram of reactance during rotor rotation for one week are obtained, and the corresponding steady state synchronous reactance is obtained. At the same time, the calculation method of steady state parameters of fixed rotor is established (that is, the magnetoresistive rate of iron core of stator and rotor remains unchanged, so that d axis and A axis coincide with each other. The excitation winding and damping winding open circuit, the armature winding plus the straight axis current is the straight axis synchronous reactance, and the alternating axis current is the alternating axis synchronous reactance.) the steady state synchronous reactance is obtained by the calculation of the rotating rotor method and the fixed rotor method. The design values are less than 5 in rated working conditions. Then the rotating rotor method and the fixed rotor method are used to calculate and compare the saturation synchronous reactance under different loads and different power factors, and to analyze the variation of the saturation synchronous reactance under different loads and different power factors. 3. The leakage reactance and armature reaction reactance of stator rotor winding and armature reaction are calculated with the method of frozen permeability. Then according to the definition formula of transient parameters, the method of calculating the parameters of transient parameters (the method of calculating the transient parameters of frozen permeability) is obtained, and the short-circuit current of the motor when the motor is suddenly three phase short circuit is obtained by using the envelope method. By parameter identification of short-circuit current, steady state, transient, supertransient reactance and time constant (abbreviated as envelope method) are obtained, which are applied to the steady state and transient state of Xiangshuijian pumped storage motor in power generation and electric operation. The supertransient reactance and its corresponding time constant are calculated, and the method is applied to the simulation of 6-pole reverse hydrogenerator. The simulation results verify the validity and feasibility of the frozen permeability method. 4.Compared with the sudden three-phase short circuit current waveform of pumped storage motor without considering the change of rotational speed, the two waveforms are very close to each other. At the same time, it is very close to the sudden three-phase short-circuit current waveform of the 6-pole reverse turbine generator, which takes into account and does not take into account the change of rotational speed, and the short-circuit current waveform of the reverse hydrogenerator considering the variation of the rotational speed is closer to the measured waveform. It can indirectly reflect the accuracy of electromagnetic torque calculation and provide a theoretical basis for the simulation research and parameter calculation of pumped storage units.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV743;TV734

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 劉曉芳,蒙亮,羅應(yīng)立,趙凌志,周濟;同步發(fā)電機d-q軸飽和特性曲線族[J];中國電機工程學(xué)報;2002年02期

2 嚴登俊,劉瑞芳,胡敏強,韓敬東;處理電磁場有限元運動問題的新方法[J];中國電機工程學(xué)報;2003年08期

3 孫宇光,王祥珩,桂林,王維儉;場路耦合法計算同步發(fā)電機定子繞組內(nèi)部故障的暫態(tài)過程[J];中國電機工程學(xué)報;2004年01期

4 李志強;羅應(yīng)立;;基于有限元和虛位移原理的電機內(nèi)電磁力密度計算新方法[J];中國電機工程學(xué)報;2009年03期

5 林鶴云,屠黎明,胡敏強;大型水輪發(fā)電機回路參數(shù)的有限元計算[J];中國電機工程學(xué)報;1998年04期

6 梁京輝;喬鳴忠;徐鳳軍;李耕;;自起動永磁電機起動沖擊電流和轉(zhuǎn)矩的場路耦合分析[J];電機與控制應(yīng)用;2011年10期

，

本文編號：1498226