【摘要】：單牙輪鉆頭具有軸承壽命長、受沖擊載荷小的特點(diǎn),在深井和小井眼鉆井中應(yīng)用廣泛。然而對(duì)于單牙輪來講,仍然有很多問題亟待進(jìn)行深入地研究,對(duì)其性能的認(rèn)識(shí)還需要加強(qiáng)。已有的對(duì)單牙輪鉆頭性能評(píng)價(jià)研究,都不能夠全面地對(duì)鉆頭的性能進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià),且這些研究所采用的方法大多是通過理論推導(dǎo)、實(shí)驗(yàn)、以及不完全的仿真進(jìn)行的。在進(jìn)行推導(dǎo)以及仿真時(shí),需要研究人員具有較高的數(shù)學(xué)、力學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)。在進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí),花費(fèi)較大,且周期長。 針對(duì)這些問題,本文通過ABAQUS軟件對(duì)單牙輪鉆頭與巖石互作用過程進(jìn)行了仿真,獲取鉆頭進(jìn)尺、破巖量、牙齒載荷、鉆頭受力等相關(guān)性能參數(shù)。在多層次灰色評(píng)價(jià)方法基礎(chǔ)上,提出單牙輪鉆頭性能綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法,結(jié)合相關(guān)鉆進(jìn)參數(shù),對(duì)鉆頭性能進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。針對(duì)單牙輪鉆頭牙齒先期磨損嚴(yán)重的現(xiàn)象,在相關(guān)研究基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)單牙輪鉆頭運(yùn)動(dòng)特點(diǎn),提出了牙齒磨損預(yù)測(cè)方法。針對(duì)有限元模型復(fù)雜,建模相對(duì)困難的問題,在ABAQUS二次開發(fā)及Python語言基礎(chǔ)上完成了單牙輪鉆頭性能分析軟件的開發(fā),為模型的快速建立和鉆頭性能分析評(píng)價(jià)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 本文做了許多開創(chuàng)性的工作,具體內(nèi)容如下： (1)對(duì)單牙輪鉆頭破巖過程進(jìn)行研究,通過有限元軟件ABAQUS建立單牙輪鉆頭與巖石互作用的有限元模型。通過有限元手段獲取鉆進(jìn)過程中的相關(guān)參數(shù),如鉆速、進(jìn)尺、傳動(dòng)比、破巖量和三維井底模式,結(jié)合臺(tái)架實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,對(duì)仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證分析。 (2)針對(duì)單牙輪鉆頭牙齒先期磨損嚴(yán)重的情況,對(duì)大量磨損預(yù)測(cè)公式進(jìn)行了研究,在考慮單牙輪鉆頭受力及運(yùn)動(dòng)的情況下,建立適用于單牙輪鉆頭牙齒磨損的預(yù)測(cè)公式,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用情況,驗(yàn)證公式的準(zhǔn)確性。 (3)對(duì)灰色評(píng)價(jià)方法進(jìn)行研究,建立單牙輪鉆頭多層次灰色評(píng)價(jià)模型,通過將鉆頭鉆進(jìn)過程中的各個(gè)參數(shù)有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來,研究這些參數(shù)對(duì)鉆頭性能的影響,對(duì)兩款異形單牙輪鉆頭進(jìn)行了性能評(píng)價(jià)。 (4)對(duì)ABAQUS二次開發(fā)進(jìn)行相關(guān)研究,針對(duì)模型復(fù)雜、建模困難的問題,采用Python語言以及ABAQUS RSG工具,對(duì)ABAQUS軟件進(jìn)行二次開發(fā),完成單牙輪鉆頭性能分析軟件地開發(fā),并對(duì)軟件進(jìn)行漢化處理,降低軟件操作難度,使單牙輪鉆頭有限元模型的快速建模與分析得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Single cone bit is widely used in deep well and small hole drilling because of its long bearing life and low impact load. However, there are still a lot of problems to be studied, and the understanding of its performance needs to be strengthened. The existing research on the performance evaluation of single cone bit can not comprehensively evaluate the performance of the bit, and most of the methods used in these studies are carried out through theoretical derivation, experiment and incomplete simulation. In derivation and simulation, researchers are required to have a high theoretical basis of mathematics and mechanics. In the experiment, the cost is large and the period is long. In order to solve these problems, the interaction process between single cone bit and rock is simulated by ABAQUS software, and some related performance parameters, such as bit advance, rock breaking, tooth load and bit force, are obtained. On the basis of multi-level grey evaluation method, a comprehensive evaluation method of single cone bit performance is put forward, and the performance of single cone bit is evaluated by combining relevant drilling parameters. According to the phenomenon of serious pre-wear of single cone bit, a prediction method of tooth wear is put forward based on the related research and the movement characteristics of single cone bit. Aiming at the problem of complex finite element model and relatively difficult modeling, the performance analysis software of single cone bit is developed on the basis of ABAQUS secondary development and Python language, which lays a foundation for the rapid establishment of model and the analysis and evaluation of bit performance. A lot of pioneering work has been done in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) the rock breaking process of single cone bit is studied and the finite element model of interaction between single cone bit and rock is established by finite element software ABAQUS. The relevant parameters of drilling process, such as drilling speed, ruler, transmission ratio, rock breaking volume and three dimensional bottom hole model, are obtained by finite element method. The simulation results are verified and analyzed. (2) in view of the serious pre-wear of single cone bit teeth, a large number of wear prediction formulas are studied, considering the force and movement of single cone bit, The prediction formula for tooth wear of single cone bit is established, and the accuracy of the formula is verified by combining the field application. (3) the grey evaluation method is studied, and the multi-level grey evaluation model of single cone bit is established. By organically combining the parameters of drill bit drilling, the influence of these parameters on bit performance is studied, and the performance evaluation of two special-shaped single-cone bits is carried out. (4) the related research on the secondary development of ABAQUS is carried out. Aiming at the problem of complex model and difficult modeling, ABAQUS software is developed by using Python language and ABAQUS RSG tool, and the software of performance analysis of single cone bit is developed, and the software is processed in Chinese to reduce the difficulty of software operation. The fast modeling and analysis of the finite element model of single cone bit can be realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE921.1

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本文編號(hào)：2274109