本文選題：廢棄生物油 + 重油�。� 參考：《中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石油資源具有不可再生性,石油的低儲(chǔ)量、高消費(fèi)形勢(shì)使石油資源的短缺問題日益嚴(yán)重。如果將地溝油、牛脂油等廢棄生物油摻入到重油催化裂化原料中摻煉,既可為廢棄油脂的處理開辟合理的路徑,又能緩解石油催化裂化原料短缺的問題,具有很好的經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境效益。本論文將地溝油、牛脂油等生物油摻入到70%蠟油+30%減壓渣油和90%蠟油+10%回?zé)捨锪辖M合催化原料及常壓渣油中,對(duì)比考察重油催化原料摻入生物油前后的性質(zhì)變化。研究結(jié)果表明,重油組合催化料摻入生物油后,密度、黏度、殘?zhí)�、金屬含量、硫氮含量均降�?飽和分明顯增大,混合油料的總體性質(zhì)變好,生物油的摻入比例越大,油料性質(zhì)的變化越明顯。石蠟基蘇丹常壓渣油和環(huán)烷基的綏中36-1常壓渣油摻入15%的生物油后,不同屬性常壓渣油的物性均有明顯改善。利用實(shí)驗(yàn)室固定流化床催化反應(yīng)裝置,考察生物油、組合催化原料、蘇丹和綏中36-1常壓渣油及混合原料在不同反應(yīng)溫度下的催化裂化反應(yīng)性能。結(jié)果表明,兩種生物油均具有較好的裂化反應(yīng)性能,轉(zhuǎn)化率可達(dá)96.0%以上,且地溝油的轉(zhuǎn)化率和產(chǎn)物分布優(yōu)于牛脂油。生物油中的氧元素主要以CO、CO2、H2O的形式從反應(yīng)體系脫除,液體產(chǎn)物中不含醇類、脂類、醛類和酸類等含氧化合物。在重油組合催化原料中摻煉一定比例生物油后,重油催化料的裂化反應(yīng)性能有明顯改善,汽油收率增加,轉(zhuǎn)化率提高,產(chǎn)品分布更理想。與相同反應(yīng)條件下的純蠟油摻煉生物油的反應(yīng)結(jié)果比較,重油摻煉生物油的汽油收率和轉(zhuǎn)化率雖有所降低,但仍能獲得較高的輕油收率。在常壓渣油中摻煉一定比例生物油后,常壓渣油的裂化反應(yīng)性能也有明顯改善,汽油收率和液收率增加,轉(zhuǎn)化率提高。常壓渣油摻煉一定比例地溝油和牛脂油的反應(yīng)結(jié)果相近,蘇丹常壓渣油摻煉生物油的效果優(yōu)于綏中36-1常壓渣油。并且,兩種高酸的常渣餾分利用催化裂化加工的脫酸效果良好,石油酸脫除率可達(dá)99.0%左右。即使摻煉高酸值的地溝油和牛脂油,石油酸和脂肪酸的脫除率仍然可達(dá)99.0%以上,催化裂化工藝是加工高酸油及生物油的有效手段。
[Abstract]:Oil resources are non-renewable. The shortage of petroleum resources is becoming more and more serious due to the low oil reserves and high consumption. If waste biological oil such as gutter oil, cow fat oil and so on are mixed into the feedstock of heavy oil catalytic cracking, it can not only open up a reasonable path for the treatment of waste oil, but also alleviate the problem of shortage of petroleum catalytic cracking feedstock. It has good economic and environmental benefits. In this paper, biological oils such as gutter oil and cow fat oil were mixed into 70% waxy oil 30% vacuum residuum and 90% wax oil 10% remelting material combined catalytic feedstock and atmospheric residual oil. The properties of heavy oil catalytic feedstock before and after the addition of bio-oil were compared and investigated. The results show that the density, viscosity, residual carbon, metal content, sulfur and nitrogen content are all decreased, the saturation fraction is obviously increased, the overall properties of the mixed oil is improved, and the proportion of bio-oil is increased. The change of oil properties is more obvious. The physical properties of atmospheric residuum with different properties were obviously improved after 15% bio-oil was added into paraffin-based Sudan atmospheric residuum and naphthenic Suizhong 36-1 atmospheric residuum. The catalytic cracking performance of bio-oil, combined catalytic feedstock, Sudan and Suizhong 36-1 atmospheric pressure residuum and mixed feedstock at different reaction temperatures were investigated by using a fixed fluidized bed catalytic reactor in the laboratory. The results showed that the two kinds of bio-oil had better cracking performance, the conversion rate was over 96.0%, and the conversion and product distribution of gutter oil was better than that of bovine fat oil. The oxygen elements in bio-oil are mainly removed from the reaction system in the form of CO-CO2H _ 2O, and the liquid products contain no oxygenated compounds such as alcohols, lipids, aldehydes and acids. After blending a certain proportion of bio-oil in the heavy oil combination catalytic feedstock, the cracking reaction performance of the heavy oil catalytic feedstock was obviously improved, the gasoline yield was increased, the conversion rate was increased, and the product distribution was more ideal. Compared with the reaction results of pure waxy oil mixed with bio-oil under the same reaction conditions, the gasoline yield and conversion rate of bio-oil mixed with heavy oil decreased, but the yield of light oil was still higher. After adding a certain proportion of bio-oil into atmospheric residue, the cracking reaction performance of atmospheric residue was improved obviously, the gasoline yield and liquid yield increased, and the conversion rate increased. The reaction results of mixing a certain proportion of gutter oil and cow fat oil with atmospheric residuum are similar, and the effect of mixing bio-oil with Sudan atmospheric residuum is better than that of Suizhong 36-1 atmospheric residue oil. In addition, two kinds of high acid constant residue fractions have good deacidification effect by catalytic cracking process, and the removal rate of petroleum acid can reach about 99.0%. The removal rate of petroleum acid and fatty acid is still over 99.0% even when mixed with high acid value gutter oil and cow fat oil. Catalytic cracking process is an effective method for processing high acid oil and bio-oil.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE621;TK6

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本文編號(hào)：1845872