【摘要】：地震工程的傳統(tǒng)觀點認為：水平地震作用是引起結(jié)構(gòu)破壞的主要原因，豎向地震力則微不足道。但是大量地震記錄表明，豎向地震作用比較明顯，大量的震害現(xiàn)象也很難用傳統(tǒng)的觀點來解釋，而以豎向地震力的影響來解釋比較合理，但是仍有不少學(xué)者對這種觀點提出了質(zhì)疑，，所以豎向地震作用對于結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能的影響需要更進一步的研究。 本文采用PERFORM-3D軟件建立結(jié)構(gòu)分析模型，首先采用振型分解反應(yīng)譜法分別計算結(jié)構(gòu)在工況1單向水平地震作用和單向加豎向地震作用，工況2水平雙向地震作用和和三向(水平雙向和豎向)地震作用下結(jié)構(gòu)的地震反應(yīng)情況，水平雙向地震輸入采用規(guī)范建議的比值X:Y=1:0.85，三向地震輸入比值取X:Y:Z=1:0.85:0.65，結(jié)果表明豎向地震作用對于結(jié)構(gòu)的水平位移基本沒有影響，而對框架梁跨中豎向位移影響較大，豎向地震對框架柱軸力影響明顯，墻肢軸力增幅較小，而且框架梁跨中彎矩和梁端彎矩在豎向地震作用下都明顯增大。 為了進一步分析豎向地震作用的影響，本文進行了結(jié)構(gòu)的彈塑性地震反應(yīng)分析，分析在兩種工況下結(jié)構(gòu)的反應(yīng)。選擇了EL centro波、TAFT波和天津波三條典型的強震記錄，結(jié)果與振型分解反應(yīng)譜法相吻合。三向地震輸入和雙向地震輸入頂點位移的時程曲線基本相符合，兩種工況下層間位移角曲線也基本吻合，即豎向地震作用對結(jié)構(gòu)水平位移影響很小，而結(jié)構(gòu)框架柱、剪力墻軸力變化劇烈，柱軸力最大增幅66.1%，且柱中都出現(xiàn)拉力，這樣原來壓彎、壓剪的受力狀態(tài)變成了拉彎、拉剪，對于構(gòu)件的承載力降低明顯，受力不利，結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震設(shè)計應(yīng)該對于這種情況有所考慮�？缰袕澗睾土憾藦澗卦谪Q向地震作用下劇烈波動，正負交替出現(xiàn)，均比無豎向地震時增大很多，豎向地震加快了框架梁的變形發(fā)展，跨中豎向位移增量也很明顯。 結(jié)果表明，對于豎向地震作用不能忽視，規(guī)范中對豎向地震的簡單規(guī)定值得進一步研究，豎向地震動對結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能影響的研究工作還需要更全面更深入的研究。
[Abstract]:The traditional view of earthquake engineering is that horizontal seismic action is the main cause of structural damage, while vertical seismic force is negligible. However, a large number of seismic records show that the vertical seismic action is relatively obvious, and a large number of earthquake damage phenomena are difficult to be explained from the traditional point of view, but it is more reasonable to explain the effects of vertical seismic forces. However, many scholars have questioned this point of view, so the effect of vertical seismic action on seismic performance of structures needs to be further studied. In this paper, the PERFORM-3D software is used to establish the structural analysis model. First, the modal decomposition response spectrum method is used to calculate the unidirectional horizontal seismic action and the unidirectional plus vertical seismic action of the structure under condition 1, respectively. In case 2, the horizontal bi-directional seismic action and the seismic response of the structure under the action of three-way (horizontal-directional and vertical) earthquakes, the horizontal bi-directional seismic input shall adopt the recommended ratio of X, Y, 1, and 0.85 for the horizontal two-way earthquake. The results show that the vertical seismic action has no effect on the horizontal displacement of the structure, but the vertical displacement of the frame beam has a great influence on the vertical displacement in the span of the frame beam, and the three-way earthquake input ratio is 0.85 脳 0.65, which shows that the vertical seismic action has no effect on the horizontal displacement of the structure. The effect of vertical earthquake on axial force of frame column is obvious, and the increase of axial force of wall limb is small. Moreover, the moment of middle span and the moment of beam end of frame beam obviously increase under the action of vertical earthquake. In order to further analyze the influence of vertical seismic action, the elasto-plastic seismic response of the structure is analyzed in this paper, and the response of the structure under two kinds of working conditions is analyzed. Three typical strong earthquake records, EL centro wave, TAFT wave and Tianjin wave, are selected. The results are in good agreement with the modal decomposition response spectrum. The time-history curves of three-way earthquake input and two-way earthquake input peak displacement basically accord with each other, and the displacement angle curve between the two conditions is basically consistent, that is, the vertical earthquake has little effect on the horizontal displacement of the structure, while the frame column of the structure has little influence on the horizontal displacement of the structure. The axial force of shear wall changes violently, the maximum increase of axial force of column is 66.1%, and the tension appears in the column, so that the original compression and bending, the stress state of compression and shear become tension bending, tension and shear, the bearing capacity of the member is obviously reduced, and the stress is unfavorable. This situation should be taken into account in the seismic design of structures. The mid-span moment and the beam end moment fluctuate violently under the action of the vertical earthquake, the positive and negative alternately appear, both increase a lot more than without the vertical earthquake, the vertical earthquake accelerates the deformation development of the frame beam, and the increment of the vertical displacement in the span is also obvious. The results show that the vertical seismic action cannot be ignored, and the simple regulation of vertical earthquake in the code is worthy of further study, and the research work on the influence of vertical seismic motion on the seismic performance of structures needs more comprehensive and in-depth study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU973.31

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